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钿垢莓味濑 發表於 2008-9-8 17:17:32

Fedora-8下Samba服务器的架设详解

<p>这几天学习了Linux下面的Samba服务器架设<br />
<br />
<a target="_blank" href="#" class="UBBWordLink">系统</a>环境：Windows xp sp3 ，IP：192.168.1.10 虚拟机下<a target="_blank" href="#" class="UBBWordLink">安装</a>了Fedora-8-i386 IP：192.168.1.12<br />
<br />
1. 首先检查os是否<a target="_blank" href="#" class="UBBWordLink">安装</a>好了samba。<br />
<br />
# rpm -qa | grep smb<br />
<br />
如果出现下面三行内容，则表示已经<a target="_blank" href="#" class="UBBWordLink">安装</a>好了Samba<br />
<br />
libsmbios-libs-0.13.10-1.fc8<br />
<br />
libsmbios-bin-0.13.10-1.fc8<br />
<br />
pam_smb-1.1.7-7.2.2<br />
<br />
如果没有<a target="_blank" href="#" class="UBBWordLink">安装</a>后好，需要进入<a target="_blank" href="#" class="UBBWordLink">安装</a>关盘Fedora-8-i386-DVD.iso<br />
<br />
# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom/<br />
<br />
mount: block device /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only<br />
<br />
# cd /mnt/cdrom/<br />
<br />
# ls<br />
<br />
fedora.css isolinux README-BURNING-ISOS-en_US.txt repoview RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora RPM-GPG-KEY-rawhide<br />
<br />
GPL media.repo RELEASE-NOTES-en_US.html RPM-GPG-KEY RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-rawhide stylesheet-images<br />
<br />
images Packages repodata RPM-GPG-KEY-beta RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-test TRANS.TBL<br />
<br />
# cd Packages/<br />
<br />
# rpm -ivh -aid smb*<br />
<br />
即可<a target="_blank" href="#" class="UBBWordLink">安装</a>成功。<br />
<br />
2. 进入samba目录<br />
<br />
# cd /etc/samba/<br />
<br />
# ls<br />
<br />
lmhosts smb.conf smbpasswd smbusers<br />
<br />
这里的smb.conf是samba服务器的主要配置文件。<br />
<br />
还要注意一点，smbpasswd文件是用来存储用户帐号和经过md5加密后的密码。<br />
<br />
刚<a target="_blank" href="#" class="UBBWordLink">安装</a>好samba服务时，此文件不存在。需要手工创建。下面会介绍。<br />
<br />
3. 编辑smb.conf文件<br />
<br />
# vi smb.conf<br />
<br />
进行如下<a target="_blank" href="#" class="UBBWordLink">设置</a>：<br />
<br />
#======================= Global Settings =====================================<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
workgroup = MSHOME 将linux 加入的工作组名，我这里加入了MSHOME工作组。<br />
<br />
server string = Samba 这是<a target="_blank" href="#" class="UBBWordLink">服务</a>器描述信息，方便标志资源。可以随便输入。<br />
<br />
encrypt passwords = yes 表示是否对用户的密码进行加密，这里选择加密，安全！<br />
<br />
public = yes 定义一个共享是否对公共访问开放。当<a target="_blank" href="#" class="UBBWordLink">设置</a>为 yes 时，在<a target="_blank" href="#" class="UBBWordLink">系统</a>上没有帐户用户<br />
<br />
将基于所定义的客户帐户的属性来接收访问。<br />
<br />
smb passwd file = /etc/samba/smbpasswd 这是账号密码的存放文件<br />
<br />
netbios name = mm's samba 在外部访问该samba服务器时，显示的信息。<br />
<br />
# --------------------------- Logging Options -----------------------------<br />
<br />
# logs split per machine<br />
<br />
log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m log文件的存放位置。<br />
<br />
# max 50KB per log file, then rotate<br />
<br />
max log size = 0 log文件的大小限制，<a target="_blank" href="#" class="UBBWordLink">设置</a>为0表示不做限制。<br />
<br />
# ----------------------- Standalone Server Options ------------------------<br />
<br />
security = user 共享的安全级别，samba有四种安全等级：<br />
<br />
share:用户不需要账户及密码即可登录samba服务器<br />
<br />
user：由提供<a target="_blank" href="#" class="UBBWordLink">服务</a>的samba服务器负责检查账户及密码（默认）<br />
<br />
server：检查账户及密码的工作由另一台windows或samba服务器负责<br />
<br />
domain：指定windows域控制<a target="_blank" href="#" class="UBBWordLink">服务</a>器来验证用户的账户及密码）<br />
<br />
passdb backend = tdbsam<br />
<br />
以上即为通用一般配置。<br />
<br />
加入我们需要共享的目录为 /opt/<br />
<br />
需要添加如下代码：<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
comment = This is my samba server! <a target="_blank" href="#" class="UBBWordLink">设置</a>共享信息，随便输入<br />
<br />
path = /opt 共享目录<br />
<br />
valid users = testuser 可以访问次共享目录的用户，我这里设为testuser用户<br />
<br />
public = yes 同上面的解释<br />
<br />
writable = yes 用户是否可写，这里我们允许。<br />
<br />
wq!<br />
<br />
保存退出即可。<br />
<br />
4. 启动smb服务<br />
<br />
# service smb start<br />
<br />
Starting SMB services: [ OK ]<br />
<br />
# service nmb start<br />
<br />
Starting NMB services: [ OK ]<br />
<br />
5. 添加可以访问我们刚才<a target="_blank" href="#" class="UBBWordLink">设置</a>共享目录的用户：testuser<br />
<br />
1）建一个<a target="_blank" href="#" class="UBBWordLink">系统</a>用户<br />
<br />
# useradd testuser （建一个名叫testuser的用户）<br />
<br />
# passwd t （给testuser用户添加密码）<br />
<br />
Changing password for user samba.<br />
<br />
New password: （密码要六位以上，不显示在屏幕上）<br />
<br />
BAD PASSWORD: it does not contain enough DIFFERENT characters<br />
<br />
Retype new password: （确认密码）<br />
<br />
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully<br />
<br />
2) 更新 /etv/samba/smbpasswd 文件<br />
<br />
# cat /etc/passwd | mksmbpasswd.sh &gt; /etc/samba/smbpasswd<br />
<br />
3) 然后创建samba帐户<br />
<br />
# smbpasswd -a testuser<br />
<br />
New SMB password:<br />
<br />
Retype new SMB password:<br />
<br />
Added user testuser.<br />
<br />
6. 重新启动smb服务<br />
<br />
# service smb restart<br />
<br />
Shutting down SMB services: [ OK ]<br />
<br />
Starting SMB services: [ OK ]<br />
<br />
# service nmb restart<br />
<br />
Shutting down NMB services: [ OK ]<br />
<br />
Starting NMB services: [ OK ]<br />
<br />
下面我们在Windows下测试一下，我的<a target="_blank" href="#" class="UBBWordLink">系统</a>为Windows xp sp3<br />
<br />
在Linux 下访问Windows的共享资源，显示信息为：<br />
<br />
# smbclient -L //192.168.1.10<br />
<br />
Password:<br />
<br />
Domain= OS= Server=<br />
<br />
Sharename Type Comment<br />
<br />
--------- ---- -------<br />
Printer Adobe PDF Office Document Image Writer<br />
<br />
session request to 192.168.1.10 failed (Called name not present)<br />
<br />
session request to 192 failed (Called name not present)<br />
<br />
Domain= OS= Server=<br />
<br />
Server Comment<br />
<br />
--------- -------<br />
<br />
Workgroup Master<br />
<br />
--------- -------<br />
<br />
在Linux 下访问自己的samba服务器，显示信息为：<br />
<br />
# smbclient -L //192.168.1.12<br />
<br />
Password:<br />
<br />
Anonymous login successful<br />
<br />
Domain= OS= Server=<br />
<br />
Sharename Type Comment<br />
<br />
--------- ---- -------<br />
<br />
homes Disk Home Directories<br />
<br />
rose Disk This is my samba server!<br />
<br />
test-1 Disk This is my samba server!<br />
<br />
IPC$ IPC IPC Service (Samba)<br />
<br />
Anonymous login successful<br />
<br />
Domain= OS= Server=<br />
<br />
Server Comment<br />
<br />
--------- -------<br />
<br />
MM'S SAMBA Samba<br />
<br />
Workgroup Master<br />
<br />
--------- -------<br />
<br />
MSHOME<br />
&nbsp;</p>

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