Android使用ViewPager2实现简单的轮播图的代码示例
<div id="navCategory"><h5 class="catalogue">目录</h5><ul class="first_class_ul"><li>一、轮播图的简单介绍</li><li>二、轮播图的实现步骤</li><ul class="second_class_ul"><li>1.绘制轮播图页面</li><li>2.设置ViewPager2的子布局</li><li>3.编写ViewPager2的适配器</li><li>4.编写Carousel类具体实现轮播图</li><li>5.实现自动轮播</li><li>6.触摸时停止自动轮播</li></ul><li>三、完整代码</li><ul class="second_class_ul"></ul></ul></div><p class="maodian"></p><h2>一、轮播图的简单介绍</h2><p><strong>轮播图</strong>(Carousel)是一种在有限空间内循环展示多个内容项的UI组件,用户可以通过滑动或自动播放的方式浏览不同的内容,在有限的空间中展示更多的内容。</p>
<p>实现轮播图主要有两种方式,首尾添加法和取余法,这里主要讲解首尾添加法的实现。</p>
<p class="maodian"></p><h2>二、轮播图的实现步骤</h2>
<p class="maodian"></p><h3>1.绘制轮播图页面</h3>
<p>添加一个ViewPager2作为轮播图的容器,并添加LinearLayout放置指示图标</p>
<div class="jb51code"><pre class="brush:xml;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:id="@+id/main"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MainActivity">
<androidx.viewpager2.widget.ViewPager2
android:id="@+id/viewpager2"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent" >
</androidx.viewpager2.widget.ViewPager2>
<LinearLayout
android:id="@+id/botttom_viewpager2"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:layout_marginBottom="100dp"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@+id/viewpager2"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="@+id/viewpager2"
>
</LinearLayout>
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
</pre></div>
<p class="maodian"></p><h3>2.设置ViewPager2的子布局</h3>
<p>新建xml文件,绘制ViewPager2的子布局</p>
<div class="jb51code"><pre class="brush:xml;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<ImageView
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id="@+id/image"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:scaleType="centerCrop"/>
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
</pre></div>
<p class="maodian"></p><h3>3.编写ViewPager2的适配器</h3>
<p>因为ViewPager2实现基于RecyclerView,因此这里直接继承RecyclerView.Adapter</p>
<p>这里我们使用Glide来加载图片。</p>
<blockquote><p><strong>Glide</strong> 是一个专注于平滑滚动的 Android 图片加载库。</p>
<p><strong>优点:</strong></p>
<p>1.使用简单,并且支持多种图片格式,既可以获取网络资源又可以获取本地资源,不用处理网络请求、缓存、内存管理、图片解码等复杂逻辑;</p>
<p>2.性能优秀:自动管理 Bitmap 内存,防止内存溢出,可以自动根据ImageView调整图片大小,节省内存。</p></blockquote>
<div class="jb51code"><pre class="brush:java;">public class ImageAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<ImageAdapter.ImageViewHolder> {
private List<Integer> images;
private Context context;
public ImageAdapter(List<Integer> images){
this.images=images;
}
public int getItemCount(){
if(images!=null){
return images.size();
}
return 0;
}
public ImageViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent,int viewType){
context=parent.getContext();
View view= LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.layout,parent,false);
return new ImageViewHolder(view);
}
public void onBindViewHolder(ImageViewHolder holder,int position){
Glide.with(context).load(images.get(position)).into(holder.imageView);
}
public static class ImageViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder{
ImageView imageView;
public ImageViewHolder(View view){
super(view);
imageView=view.findViewById(R.id.image);
}
}
</pre></div>
<p class="maodian"></p><h3>4.编写Carousel类具体实现轮播图</h3>
<div class="jb51code"><pre class="brush:java;">public class Carousel {
private Context mContext;
private LinearLayout dotLinearLayout;
private List<ImageView> mImageList=new ArrayList<>();//标志点集合
private List<Integer> originalImages=new ArrayList<>();//轮播图图片资源id集合
private ViewPager2 viewPager2;
public Carousel(Context mContext, LinearLayout dotLinearLayout, ViewPager2 viewPager2){
this.mContext=mContext;
this.dotLinearLayout=dotLinearLayout;
this.viewPager2=viewPager2;
}
public void initViews(int[] resourse){
//初始化轮播图图片资源id集合
for(int id:resourse){
originalImages.add(id);
ImageView dotImageView=new ImageView(mContext);//制作标记点的ImageView
if(originalImages.size()==1){
dotImageView.setImageResource(R.drawable.blue_dot);//加载第一张图片的标志
}else {
dotImageView.setImageResource(R.drawable.grey_dot);
}
LinearLayout.LayoutParams dotImageLayoutParams=new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(60,60);
dotImageLayoutParams.setMargins(5,0,5,0);
//设置 dotImageView的布局参数
dotImageView.setLayoutParams(dotImageLayoutParams);
mImageList.add(dotImageView);
//将视图动态添加到布局容器
dotLinearLayout.addView(dotImageView);
}
//将最后一张图片添加到开头,将第一张图片添加到末尾,可以更好实现无限轮播的视觉效果
originalImages.add(0,originalImages.get(originalImages.size()-1));
originalImages.add(originalImages.get(1));
//设置适配器
ImageAdapter adapter=new ImageAdapter(originalImages);
viewPager2.setAdapter(adapter);
viewPager2.setCurrentItem(1,false);
//设置ViewPager2的页面更改监听器,处理标志点和边界情况
viewPager2.registerOnPageChangeCallback(new ViewPager2.OnPageChangeCallback() {
@Override
public void onPageSelected(int position){
for(int i=0;i<mImageList.size();i++){
if(i==position-1){
mImageList.get(i).setImageResource(R.drawable.blue_dot);
}else{
mImageList.get(i).setImageResource(R.drawable.grey_dot);
}
}
//滑动到最后一个元素时跳转到第一个元素,滑动到第一个元素时跳转到最后一个元素
if(position==originalImages.size()-1){
viewPager2.setCurrentItem(1,false);
} else if (position==0) {
viewPager2.setCurrentItem(originalImages.size()-2,false);
}
}
});
}
}
</pre></div>
<p>在这里简单解释一下取余法的实现原理</p>
<p><strong>取余法实现</strong></p>
<p>设置一个很大的数,通过取余运算获取真实位置,以实现无限循环的效果</p>
<div class="jb51code"><pre class="brush:java;"> 真实数据: (3个元素)
虚拟位置: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, ... (无限)
通过取余: position % 3 = 0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2, 0, ...
对应数据:A, B, C, A, B, C, A, B, C, A, ...
</pre></div>
<p>公式: 真实位置 = 虚拟位置 % 图片数量</p>
<p>开始时从中间位置开始,保证有足够的空间向左滑动,并且避免在边界处出现问题</p>
<p>优点:实现简单,不需要修改数据源</p>
<p>缺点:虽然虚拟位置很大,但RecyclerView会回收视图</p>
<p class="maodian"></p><h3>5.实现自动轮播</h3>
<p>使用Handler实现自动轮播效果,在初始化Carousel时同时注册Handler</p>
<div class="jb51code"><pre class="brush:java;"> private android.os.Handler handler;
//设置是否自动播放
private boolean AUTO_SCROLL=false;
public Carousel(Context mContext, LinearLayout dotLinearLayout, ViewPager2 viewPager2){
this.mContext=mContext;
this.dotLinearLayout=dotLinearLayout;
this.viewPager2=viewPager2;
handler=new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper());
}
</pre></div>
<p>在Carousel中编写控制Handler的方法</p>
<div class="jb51code"><pre class="brush:java;"> //开启自动轮播
public void startAutoScrool(){
handler.removeCallbacks(autoScrollRunnable);//移除之前的回调,防止多次启用
handler.postDelayed(autoScrollRunnable,Banner_Time);
AUTO_SCROLL=true;
}
//在Runnable中处理自动滚动
private final Runnable autoScrollRunnable=new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
int current=viewPager2.getCurrentItem();
if(current==originalImages.size()-2){
viewPager2.setCurrentItem(1,false);
} else{
viewPager2.setCurrentItem(current+1);
}
handler.postDelayed(this,Banner_Time);
}
};
public void stopAutoScrool(){
handler.removeCallbacks(autoScrollRunnable);
AUTO_SCROLL=false;
}
</pre></div>
<p class="maodian"></p><h3>6.触摸时停止自动轮播</h3>
<p>开启自动轮播后,用户就无法通过滑动参看想要的页面,因此我们还应实现触摸时停止自动轮播功能。</p>
<p>可以通过监听Viewpager2的滑动行为来实现触摸时停止自动轮播。</p>
<p>ViewPager2中定义了三种滚动状态:</p>
<div class="jb51code"><pre class="brush:java;">三种滚动状态常量
// 在 ViewPager2 类中定义的常量
public static final int SCROLL_STATE_IDLE = 0; // 空闲状态,当前没有滚动操作,页面完全静止
public static final int SCROLL_STATE_DRAGGING = 1;// 拖动状态, 用户正在用手指拖动页面
public static final int SCROLL_STATE_SETTLING = 2;// 自动滑动状态,页面正在自动滑动到目标位置
</pre></div>
<p>我们通过对三种状态进行分别处理来实现想要的效果。</p>
<div class="jb51code"><pre class="brush:java;"> viewPager2.registerOnPageChangeCallback(new ViewPager2.OnPageChangeCallback() {
@Override
public void onPageSelected(int position){
for(int i=0;i<mImageList.size();i++){
if(i==position-1){
mImageList.get(i).setImageResource(R.drawable.blue_dot);
}else{
mImageList.get(i).setImageResource(R.drawable.grey_dot);
}
}
if(position==originalImages.size()-1){
viewPager2.setCurrentItem(1,false);
} else if (position==0) {
viewPager2.setCurrentItem(originalImages.size()-2,false);
}
}
@Override
public void onPageScrollStateChanged(int state) {
super.onPageScrollStateChanged(state);
if(state==ViewPager2.SCROLL_STATE_DRAGGING){
handler.removeCallbacks(autoScrollRunnable);//在拖动时停止自动滚动
}
//在页面静止时
else if (state==ViewPager2.SCROLL_STATE_IDLE&&AUTO_SCROLL) {
handler.removeCallbacks(autoScrollRunnable);
handler.postDelayed(autoScrollRunnable,Banner_Time);
}
}
});
</pre></div>
<p>到这里我们就实现了简单轮播图的全部功能。</p>
<p class="maodian"></p><h2>三、完整代码</h2>
<p>下面是实现轮播图的完整代码,以作参考。</p>
<div class="jb51code"><pre class="brush:java;">public class Carousel {
private Context mContext;
private LinearLayout dotLinearLayout;
private List<ImageView> mImageList=new ArrayList<>();
private List<Integer> originalImages=new ArrayList<>();
private ViewPager2 viewPager2;
private long Banner_Time=1000;
private android.os.Handler handler;
private boolean AUTO_SCROLL=false;
public Carousel(Context mContext, LinearLayout dotLinearLayout, ViewPager2 viewPager2){
this.mContext=mContext;
this.dotLinearLayout=dotLinearLayout;
this.viewPager2=viewPager2;
handler=new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper());
}
public void initViews(int[] resourse){
for(int id:resourse){
originalImages.add(id);
ImageView dotImageView=new ImageView(mContext);
if(originalImages.size()==1){
dotImageView.setImageResource(R.drawable.blue_dot);
}else {
dotImageView.setImageResource(R.drawable.grey_dot);
}
LinearLayout.LayoutParams dotImageLayoutParams=new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(60,60);
dotImageLayoutParams.setMargins(5,0,5,0);
dotImageView.setLayoutParams(dotImageLayoutParams);
mImageList.add(dotImageView);
dotLinearLayout.addView(dotImageView);
}
originalImages.add(0,originalImages.get(originalImages.size()-1));
originalImages.add(originalImages.get(1));
ImageAdapter adapter=new ImageAdapter(originalImages);
viewPager2.setAdapter(adapter);
viewPager2.setCurrentItem(1,false);
viewPager2.registerOnPageChangeCallback(new ViewPager2.OnPageChangeCallback() {
@Override
public void onPageSelected(int position){
for(int i=0;i<mImageList.size();i++){
if(i==position-1){
mImageList.get(i).setImageResource(R.drawable.blue_dot);
}else{
mImageList.get(i).setImageResource(R.drawable.grey_dot);
}
}
if(position==originalImages.size()-1){
viewPager2.setCurrentItem(1,false);
} else if (position==0) {
viewPager2.setCurrentItem(originalImages.size()-2,false);
}
}
@Override
public void onPageScrollStateChanged(int state) {
super.onPageScrollStateChanged(state);
if(state==ViewPager2.SCROLL_STATE_DRAGGING){
handler.removeCallbacks(autoScrollRunnable);
}
else if (state==ViewPager2.SCROLL_STATE_IDLE&&AUTO_SCROLL) {
handler.removeCallbacks(autoScrollRunnable);
handler.postDelayed(autoScrollRunnable,Banner_Time);
}
}
});
}
public void startAutoScrool(){
handler.removeCallbacks(autoScrollRunnable);
handler.postDelayed(autoScrollRunnable,Banner_Time);
AUTO_SCROLL=true;
}
private final Runnable autoScrollRunnable=new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
int current=viewPager2.getCurrentItem();
if(current==originalImages.size()-2){
viewPager2.setCurrentItem(1,false);
} else{
viewPager2.setCurrentItem(current+1);
}
handler.postDelayed(this,Banner_Time);
}
};
public void stopAutoScrool(){
handler.removeCallbacks(autoScrollRunnable);
AUTO_SCROLL=false;
}
}
public class ImageAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<ImageAdapter.ImageViewHolder> {
private List<Integer> images;
private Context context;
public ImageAdapter(List<Integer> images){
this.images=images;
}
public int getItemCount(){
if(images!=null){
return images.size();
}
return 0;
}
public ImageViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent,int viewType){
context=parent.getContext();
View view= LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.layout,parent,false);
return new ImageViewHolder(view);
}
public void onBindViewHolder(ImageViewHolder holder,int position){
Glide.with(context).load(images.get(position)).into(holder.imageView);
}
public static class ImageViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder{
ImageView imageView;
public ImageViewHolder(View view){
super(view);
imageView=view.findViewById(R.id.image);
}
}
}
</pre></div>
<p>最终效果展示如下</p>
<p style="text-align:center"><img alt="" src="https://img.jbzj.com/file_images/article/202510/2025101391627501.gif" /></p>
<p>以上就是Android使用ViewPager2实现简单的轮播图的代码示例的详细内容,更多关于Android ViewPager2轮播图的资料请关注琼殿技术社区其它相关文章!</p>
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