详解Ubuntu/CentOS下Apache多站点配置

米特拉 發表於 2023-10-10 00:00:00

<p><strong>前言：</strong></p><p>   
情景一：平时在我们开发的时候，一般项目都只存放在 localhost 指定的根目录下，当有好几个项目的时候，只能在根目录下以不同的文件夹区分，特别的不方便。</p><p>   
情景二：平时在看教学视频的时候，总是看到那些老师在单机下使用不同的域名，访问的却是本地的项目代码，每当这时候我都会问，这个怎么实现的。</p><p>   
情景三：在最近去实习面试的时候，面试官问我如何在 apache 服务器上搭建多站点。我只能回答我不会。</p><p>   
为了解决上面的几个问题，我决定把 apache 多站点配置这个知识点搞清楚。关键是搞懂 apache 虚拟主机，Apache的虚拟主机是一种允许在同一台机器上，运行超过一个网站的解决方案。后面围绕的就是 apache 虚拟主机展开的。</p><p>   
在本篇博客中我将介绍两种方法来实现 apache 多站点的配置：</p><p>   
1、如何配置根据访问的域名区分配置不通的站点？</p><p>   
（比如，访问 www.wordpress.net 访问的是 /home/www/wordpress 项目）</p><p>   
2、在相同域名地址的情况下，如何通过访问不同的端口获得不同的站点？</p><p>   
（比如，访问 www.jb51.net:8080 访问的是 /home/www/jb51_admin 项目(即后台管理系统)）</p><p><strong>一：根据访问的域名区分站点</strong></p><p>   
在这里我先介绍Ubuntu 系统下的配置，在来讨论CentOS 下（因为我在学习过程中也是先 ubuntu，再配置 centos 的时候都是参考的 ubuntu 的配置）</p><p>   
Ubuntu 环境下：</p><p>   
我的环境是：</p><p>   
操作系统：Ubnutu 16.04 LTS</p><p>   
apache 服务：Apache/2.4.18 (Ubuntu)（使用 apache2 -v 命令获取）</p><p>   
在 Ubnutu 上，apache 服务叫 apache2，而不是 httpd（在 Centos 上叫 httpd），主配置文件为 /etc/apache2/apache2.conf，我们打开 /etc/apache2/apache2.conf，发现最后两行为：</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterplain" id="highlighter_785679"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">1</div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1">2</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="plain plain"># Include the virtual host configurations:</code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1"><code class="plain plain">IncludeOptional sites-enabled/*.conf</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><p>   
显然 /etc/apache2/sites-enabled 下存放着有关虚拟站点（VirtualHost）的配置。经查看，初始情况下，该目录下包含一个符号连接（软链接，相当于快捷方式）：</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterplain" id="highlighter_992019"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">1</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="plain plain">000-default.conf -> ../sites-available/000-default.conf</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><p>   
这里又引出另外一个配置目录：/etc/apache2/sites-available。这个目录下放置了所有可用站点的真正配置文件，对于 Enabled 的站点，Apache2 在 sites-enabled 目录建立一个到 sites-available 目录下文件的符号链接。</p><p>   
/etc/apache2/sites-available 下有两个文件：</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_909377"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">1</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash plain">000-default.conf  default-ssl.conf</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><p>   
/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default.conf 链接的文件是 /etc/apache2/sites-available/000-default.conf，我们就以 /etc/apache2/sites-available/000-default.conf 文件为例，看看一个 VirtualHost 的配置是啥样的（为了简洁，所有的注释我都去掉了）：</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterxml" id="highlighter_794329"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">1</div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1">2</div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2">3</div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1">4</div><div class="line number5 index4 alt2">5</div><div class="line number6 index5 alt1">6</div><div class="line number7 index6 alt2">7</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="xml plain"><</code><code class="xml keyword">VirtualHost</code> <code class="xml plain">*:80></code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1"><code class="xml spaces">  </code><code class="xml plain">ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost</code></div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2"><code class="xml spaces">  </code><code class="xml plain">DocumentRoot /var/www/html</code></div>
 <div class="line number5 index4 alt2"><code class="xml spaces">  </code><code class="xml plain">ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log</code></div><div class="line number6 index5 alt1"><code class="xml spaces">  </code><code class="xml plain">CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined</code></div><div class="line number7 index6 alt2"><code class="xml plain"><code class="xml keyword">VirtualHost</code><code class="xml plain">></code></code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><p>   
DocumentRoot 是这个站点的根目录，这样 Apache2 启动时会扫描 /etc/apache2/sites-enabled 中可用的 website 配置并加载。当用户访问localhost:80 时，Apache2 就将 default 站点根目录 /var/www/html 下的index.html（或 index.PHP 等，可配置）作为请求的回应返回给浏览器，你就会欣赏到的就是 /var/www/html/index.html 这个文件中的内容了。</p><p>   
Apache2的默认站点我们不要去动它。我们新增站点配置来满足我们的要求。</p><p><strong>第一步：新增站点配置文件</strong></p><p>   
在 /etc/apache2/sites-available 目录中中建立两个站点的配置文件 www-jb51-net.conf 和 www-wordpress-com.conf：</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_31156"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">1</div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1">2</div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2">3</div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1">4</div><div class="line number5 index4 alt2">5</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash comments">#进入虚拟主机配置文件夹</code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1"><code class="bash functions">cd</code> <code class="bash plain">/etc/apache2/sites-available/</code></div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2"><code class="bash comments">#复制默认的虚拟主机配置文件</code></div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1"><code class="bash functions">sudo</code> <code class="bash functions">cp</code> <code class="bash plain">000-default.conf www-jb51-net.conf</code></div><div class="line number5 index4 alt2"><code class="bash functions">sudo</code> <code class="bash functions">cp</code> <code class="bash plain">000-default.conf www-wordpress-com.conf</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><p>   
编辑这两个配置文件，以 www-jb51-net.conf为例：</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterplain" id="highlighter_725275"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">1</div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1">2</div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2">3</div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1">4</div><div class="line number5 index4 alt2">5</div><div class="line number6 index5 alt1">6</div><div class="line number7 index6 alt2">7</div><div class="line number8 index7 alt1">8</div><div class="line number9 index8 alt2">9</div><div class="line number10 index9 alt1">10</div><div class="line number11 index10 alt2">11</div><div class="line number12 index11 alt1">12</div><div class="line number13 index12 alt2">13</div><div class="line number14 index13 alt1">14</div><div class="line number15 index14 alt2">15</div><div class="line number16 index15 alt1">16</div><div class="line number17 index16 alt2">17</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="plain plain"># Created By zhongjin on 2016-12-12 冬至</code></div><code class="plain plain"><virtualhost :80=""></virtualhost></code><div class="line number3 index2 alt2"><code class="plain spaces">  </code><code class="plain plain">ServerAdmin 1054840542@qq.net</code></div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1"><code class="plain spaces">  </code><code class="plain plain">ServerName www.jb51.net</code></div><div class="line number5 index4 alt2"><code class="plain spaces">  </code><code class="plain plain">DocumentRoot /home/www/jb51</code></div>
 <code class="plain spaces">  </code><code class="plain plain"><directory></directory></code><div class="line number8 index7 alt1"><code class="plain spaces">    </code><code class="plain plain">Options FollowSymLinks</code></div><div class="line number9 index8 alt2"><code class="plain spaces">    </code><code class="plain plain">AllowOverride All </code></div><div class="line number10 index9 alt1"><code class="plain spaces">    </code><code class="plain plain">#Require all denied</code></div><div class="line number11 index10 alt2"><code class="plain spaces">    </code><code class="plain plain">Require all granted</code></div><code class="plain spaces">  </code><code class="plain plain">              </code>
 <div class="line number14 index13 alt1"><code class="plain spaces">  </code><code class="plain plain">ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log</code></div><div class="line number15 index14 alt2"><code class="plain spaces">  </code><code class="plain plain">CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined</code></div>
 <code class="plain plain"></code></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><p>   
注意上面配置中：ServerName、DocumentRoot 和 Directory 是我们重点关注的配置点。jb51的 ServerName 为www.jb51.net，根目录为 /home/www/jb51，Directory 同 DocumentRoot。</p><p>   
针对 www-wordpress-com.conf 改变相应的配置，即修改 ServerName 为 www.wordpress.net，DocumentRoot 和 Directory 修改为 /home/www/wordpress。</p><p><strong>第二步：在sites-enabled目录下建立符号链接</strong></p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_183416"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">1</div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1">2</div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2">3</div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1">4</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash functions">cd</code> <code class="bash plain">/etc/apache2/sites-enabled</code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1"><code class="bash comments">#建立对应的软链接</code></div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2"><code class="bash functions">sudo</code> <code class="bash functions">ln</code> <code class="bash plain">-s </code><code class="bash plain">/etc/apache2/sites-available/www-jb51-net</code><code class="bash plain">.conf </code><code class="bash plain">/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/www-jb51-net</code><code class="bash plain">.conf</code></div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1"><code class="bash functions">sudo</code> <code class="bash functions">ln</code> <code class="bash plain">-s </code><code class="bash plain">/etc/apache2/sites-available/www-wordpress-com</code><code class="bash plain">.conf </code><code class="bash plain">/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/www-wordpress-com</code><code class="bash plain">.conf</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><p><strong>第三步：在对应目录放入项目代码</strong></p><p>   
如上面所示，我们的 jb51项目代码放在 /home/www/jb51 ，wordpress 项目代码放在 /home/www/wordpress，那么我们在对应目录下创建对应目录并赋予相应权限，以 jb51为例：</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_915703"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">1</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash functions">sudo</code> <code class="bash functions">mkdir</code> <code class="bash plain">-p </code><code class="bash plain">/home/www/linuxidc</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><p>   
然后在 /home/www/jb51 下放入项目代码，这里为了测试就新建 index.php，内容如下：</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterphp" id="highlighter_800153"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">1</div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1">2</div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2">3</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="php plain"><?php</code></div>
 <div class="line number3 index2 alt2"><code class="php functions">echo</code> <code class="php string">"hello,welcome to jb51!"</code><code class="php plain">;</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><p>   
赋予相应的权限：</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_888073"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">1</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash functions">sudo</code> <code class="bash functions">chmod</code> <code class="bash plain">-R 777 </code><code class="bash plain">/home/www/jb51</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><p>   
针对 wordpress 做同样的操作。</p><p><strong>第四步：修改 /etc/hosts 文件</strong></p><p>   
打开查看 /etc/hosts 文件，开头是：</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterplain" id="highlighter_177403"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">1</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="plain plain">127.0.0.1  localhost</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><p>   
我们在该行后面添加：</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterplain" id="highlighter_186178"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">1</div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1">2</div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2">3</div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1">4</div><div class="line number5 index4 alt2">5</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="plain plain"># modified by zhongjin on 2016-12-21 冬至</code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1"><code class="plain plain">127.0.0.1  www.jb51.net</code></div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2"><code class="plain plain">127.0.0.1  www.wordpress.net</code></div>
 <div class="line number5 index4 alt2"><code class="plain plain">#保存退出</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><p><strong>第五步：重启 apache 服务器并测试</strong></p><p>   
重启 apache 服务器使得配置生效：</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_108741"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">1</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash plain">systemctl restart apache2.service</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><p>   
在浏览器（如果是桌面版的话）中访问www.jb51.net或 www.wordpress.net，看看是否输出了 index.php 文件中的内容。</p><p>   
如果你不是桌面版（服务器），那么可以使用命令行测试：</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_669270"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">1</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash plain">curl www.jb51.net</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><p>   
看看返回的字符串是不是正确输出！</p><p><strong>Centos 环境下：</strong></p><p>   
我的环境是：操作系统：Centos 7</p><p>   
apache 服务： Apache/2.4.6 (CentOS)（通过 httpd -v 获取）</p><p>   
在这里我们实现 Ubuntu 环境下同样的效果。</p><p>   
Centos 下，apache 的服务叫 httpd，主配置文件为 /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf，我们浏览 httpd.conf 文件，搜索关键字 vhost，发现根本找不到相关的东西，不过在最后两行有以下内容：</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterplain" id="highlighter_791452"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">1</div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1">2</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="plain plain"># Load config files in the "/etc/httpd/conf.d" directory, if any.</code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1"><code class="plain plain">IncludeOptional conf.d/*.conf</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><p>   
难道虚拟主机的配置也在 /etc/httpd/conf.d 下面？LZ 去看了一下该目录下面所有文件的内容，发现根本没有关于虚拟主机的配置，如果你再仔细观察 http.conf 配置文件，你就会发现，其实在 Centos 下，其默认主机只有 localhost ==> /var/www/html ，如果需要的话，我们得自己扩展了。</p><p>   
我们有两种方式实现自己的扩展，一种是直接在 /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf 后面追加配置内容，一种是在外部文件先配置好，再类似 IncludeOptional conf.d/*.conf 那样引入我们的配置。一般不推荐直接修改主配置文件，所以我们使用第二种方式。</p><p>   
我们还是模仿上面的配置：</p><p><strong>第一步：新增站点配置文件</strong></p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_67664"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">1</div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1">2</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash functions">cd</code> <code class="bash plain">/etc/httpd</code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1"><code class="bash functions">sudo</code> <code class="bash functions">mkdir</code> <code class="bash plain">vhost-conf.d</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><p>   
我们在 vhost-conf.d 目录下新增我们的虚拟主机配置文件 www-jb51-net.conf 和 www-wordpress-com.conf，以 www-jb51-net.conf 为例，我们输入以下内容：</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterxml" id="highlighter_159129"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">1</div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1">2</div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2">3</div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1">4</div><div class="line number5 index4 alt2">5</div><div class="line number6 index5 alt1">6</div><div class="line number7 index6 alt2">7</div><div class="line number8 index7 alt1">8</div><div class="line number9 index8 alt2">9</div><div class="line number10 index9 alt1">10</div><div class="line number11 index10 alt2">11</div><div class="line number12 index11 alt1">12</div><div class="line number13 index12 alt2">13</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="xml plain"><</code><code class="xml keyword">VirtualHost</code> <code class="xml plain">*:80></code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1"><code class="xml spaces">  </code><code class="xml plain">#Created by zhongjin on 2016-12-21 冬至</code></div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2"><code class="xml spaces">  </code><code class="xml plain">Serveradmin jb51@jb51.net</code></div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1"><code class="xml spaces">  </code><code class="xml plain">ServerName www.jb51.net</code></div><div class="line number5 index4 alt2"><code class="xml spaces">  </code><code class="xml plain">DocumentRoot /home/www/jb51</code></div>
 <div class="line number7 index6 alt2"><code class="xml spaces">  </code><code class="xml plain"><</code><code class="xml keyword">Directory</code> <code class="xml plain">"/home/www/jb51"></code></div><div class="line number8 index7 alt1"><code class="xml spaces">     </code><code class="xml plain">Options FollowSymLinks</code></div><div class="line number9 index8 alt2"><code class="xml spaces">     </code><code class="xml plain">AllowOverride All</code></div><div class="line number10 index9 alt1"><code class="xml spaces">     </code><code class="xml plain">#Require all denied</code></div><div class="line number11 index10 alt2"><code class="xml spaces">     </code><code class="xml plain">Require all granted</code></div><div class="line number12 index11 alt1"><code class="xml spaces">  </code><code class="xml plain"><code class="xml keyword">Directory</code><code class="xml plain">></code></code></div><div class="line number13 index12 alt2"><code class="xml plain"><code class="xml keyword">VirtualHost</code><code class="xml plain">></code></code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><p>   
针对 www-wordpress-com.conf 改变相应的配置，即修改 ServerName 为 www.wordpress.net，DocumentRoot 和 Directory 修改为 /home/www/wordpress。</p><p><strong>第二步：在主配置中引入我们的虚拟主机配置</strong></p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_328126"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">1</div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1">2</div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2">3</div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1">4</div><div class="line number5 index4 alt2">5</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash functions">sudo</code> <code class="bash plain">vim </code><code class="bash plain">/etc/httpd/conf/httpd</code><code class="bash plain">.conf</code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1"><code class="bash comments"># 在主配置文件末尾添加以下内容</code></div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2"><code class="bash comments"># Load vhost-config files in the "/etc/httpd/vhost-conf.d" directory if any</code></div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1"><code class="bash comments"># created by zhongjin on 2016-12-21 冬至</code></div><div class="line number5 index4 alt2"><code class="bash plain">Include vhost-conf.d/*.conf</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><p><strong>第三步：在对应目录放入项目代码</strong></p><p>   
直接参考 Ubnutu 环境下的第三步配置。</p><p><strong>第四步：修改 /etc/hosts 文件</strong></p><p>   
直接参考 Ubnutu 环境下的第四步配置。</p><p><strong>第五步：重启 apache 服务器并测试</strong></p><p>   
重启 apache 服务器使得配置生效：</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_540164"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">1</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash functions">sudo</code> <code class="bash plain">systemctl restart httpd.service</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><p>   
在浏览器（如果是桌面版的话）中访问 www.jb51.net 或 www.wordpress.net，看看是否输出了 index.php 文件中的内容。</p><p>   
如果你不是桌面版（服务器），那么可以使用命令行测试：</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_413596"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">1</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash plain">curl www.jb51.net</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><p>   
看看返回的字符串是不是正确输出！</p><p><strong>注意：</strong></p><p>   
在 Centos 下，由于默认的虚拟主机配置（localhost）是直接在 /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf 文件中配置的，所以我们在后面添加我们的配置的时候，会覆盖前面的相同的配置，所以当你 curl localhost 的时候，可能访问的是 jb51项目下的代码，也可能是 wordpress 下的代码。</p><p>   
我的解决方案是：按照上面的步骤重新建一个 localhost 域名，使它指向 /var/www/html 目录即可。</p><p><strong>二、同域名下，通过访问不同的端口获得不同的站点</strong></p><p>   
其实在这里实现的步骤跟上面的没多大差别，我就说说需要做的额外操作。</p><p>   
这里以 jb51为例，通过访问 www.jb51.net:80（默认就是80），返回的是“hello,welcome to jb51“，而访问 www.jb51.net:8080，返回的是 ”hello,welcome to jb51background management“。</p><p><strong>Ubuntu 环境下：</strong></p><p>   
让我们的 apache2 监听 8080 端口：</p><p>   
修改 /etc/apache2/ports.conf 文件，在 Listen 80 后面添加两行：</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterplain" id="highlighter_133071"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">1</div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1">2</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="plain plain">NameVirtualHost *:8080</code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1"><code class="plain plain">Listen 8080</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><p>   
在 /etc/apache2/sites-available/ 下增加  www-jb51-net-8080.conf，并在 /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/ 下建立符号链接。方法参考前面。</p><p>   
 www-jb51-net-8080.conf 的主要配置内容如下：</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterplain" id="highlighter_575921"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">1</div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1">2</div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2">3</div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1">4</div><div class="line number5 index4 alt2">5</div><div class="line number6 index5 alt1">6</div><div class="line number7 index6 alt2">7</div><div class="line number8 index7 alt1">8</div><div class="line number9 index8 alt2">9</div><div class="line number10 index9 alt1">10</div><div class="line number11 index10 alt2">11</div><div class="line number12 index11 alt1">12</div><div class="line number13 index12 alt2">13</div><div class="line number14 index13 alt1">14</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><code class="plain plain"><virtualhost :8080=""></virtualhost></code><div class="line number2 index1 alt1"><code class="plain spaces">  </code><code class="plain plain">#Created by zhongjin on 2016-12-21 冬至</code></div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2"><code class="plain spaces">  </code><code class="plain plain">Serveradmin 1054840542@qq.net</code></div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1"><code class="plain spaces">  </code><code class="plain plain">ServerName www.jb51.net</code></div>
 <div class="line number6 index5 alt1"><code class="plain spaces">  </code><code class="plain plain">DocumentRoot /home/www/jb51_admin</code></div>
 <code class="plain spaces">  </code><code class="plain plain"><directory></directory></code><div class="line number9 index8 alt2"><code class="plain spaces">     </code><code class="plain plain">Options FollowSymLinks</code></div><div class="line number10 index9 alt1"><code class="plain spaces">     </code><code class="plain plain">AllowOverride All</code></div><div class="line number11 index10 alt2"><code class="plain spaces">     </code><code class="plain plain">#Require all denied</code></div><div class="line number12 index11 alt1"><code class="plain spaces">     </code><code class="plain plain">Require all granted</code></div><code class="plain spaces">  </code><code class="plain plain"></code><code class="plain plain"></code></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><p>   
大家一定要看清楚需要修改的地方，VirtualHost 改为 8080，DocumentRoot 和 Directory 均改为 /home/www/jb51_admin，但是 ServerName 不用改，还是用 www.jb51.net</p><p>   
创建目录 /home/www/jb51_admin，添加文件 index.php，输出 “hello,welcome to jb51background management”。</p><p>   
重启 apache 服务器，测试</p><p><strong>CentOS 环境下：</strong></p><p>   
让 httpd 监听 8080 端口：</p><p>   
直接修改 /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf 配置文件，在 Listen 80 后面添加两行：</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterplain" id="highlighter_527951"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">1</div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1">2</div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2">3</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="plain plain"># created by zhongjin on 2016-12-21 冬至</code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1"><code class="plain plain">NameVirtualHost *:8080</code></div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2"><code class="plain plain">Listen 8080</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><p>   
在 /etc/httpd/vhost-conf.d 下面添加 www-jb51-net-8080.conf</p><p>   
直接复制 www-jb51-net.conf 文件，改名为 www-jb51-net-8080.conf，并修改为：</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterplain" id="highlighter_828785"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">1</div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1">2</div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2">3</div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1">4</div><div class="line number5 index4 alt2">5</div><div class="line number6 index5 alt1">6</div><div class="line number7 index6 alt2">7</div><div class="line number8 index7 alt1">8</div><div class="line number9 index8 alt2">9</div><div class="line number10 index9 alt1">10</div><div class="line number11 index10 alt2">11</div><div class="line number12 index11 alt1">12</div><div class="line number13 index12 alt2">13</div><div class="line number14 index13 alt1">14</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><code class="plain plain"><virtualhost :8080=""></virtualhost></code><div class="line number2 index1 alt1"><code class="plain spaces">  </code><code class="plain plain">#Created by zhongjin on 2016-12-21 冬至</code></div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2"><code class="plain spaces">  </code><code class="plain plain">Serveradmin 1054840542@qq.net</code></div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1"><code class="plain spaces">  </code><code class="plain plain">ServerName www.jb51.net</code></div>
 <div class="line number6 index5 alt1"><code class="plain spaces">  </code><code class="plain plain">DocumentRoot /home/www/jb51_admin</code></div>
 <code class="plain spaces">  </code><code class="plain plain"><directory></directory></code><div class="line number9 index8 alt2"><code class="plain spaces">    </code><code class="plain plain">Options FollowSymLinks</code></div><div class="line number10 index9 alt1"><code class="plain spaces">    </code><code class="plain plain">AllowOverride All </code></div><div class="line number11 index10 alt2"><code class="plain spaces">    </code><code class="plain plain">#Require all denied</code></div><div class="line number12 index11 alt1"><code class="plain spaces">    </code><code class="plain plain">Require all granted</code></div><code class="plain spaces">  </code><code class="plain plain"></code><code class="plain plain"></code></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><p>   
注意修改的地方！</p><p>   
创建目录 /home/www/jb51_admin，添加文件 index.php，输出 “hello,welcome to jb51background management”。</p><p>   
重启 apache 服务器，测试</p><p><strong>后话：</strong></p><p>   
多站点的配置还有另外一种配置，就是通过不同的IP进行多站点的配置，由于我没有进行实验（前面的内容都是LZ 亲身体会过），所以这里就不给出方法了。</p>

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琼殿技术论坛's Archiver

详解Ubuntu/CentOS下Apache多站点配置