CentOS 7安装Mysql并设置开机自启动的方法
<p>CentOS 7不带Mysql数据库了，默认的数据库是MariaDB（Mysql的一个分支）。</p>
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<span><strong>可以按照以下步骤手动安装Mysql数据库。</strong></span></p>
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1. 下载rpm安装文件</p>
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<code class="bash plain">wget http:</code><code class="bash plain">//repo</code><code class="bash plain">.mysql.com</code><code class="bash plain">/mysql-community-release-el7</code><code class="bash plain">.rpm</code>
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2. 执行rpm安装</p>
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<code class="bash plain">rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7.rpm</code>
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依赖解析完成后，出现下列选项：</p>
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<code class="bash plain">Dependencies Resolved</code>
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<code class="bash plain">==============================================================================================================</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">Package Arch Version Repository Size</code>
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<code class="bash plain">==============================================================================================================</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Installing:</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">mysql-community-libs x86_64 5.6.32-2.el7 mysql56-community 2.0 M</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">replacing mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.47-1.el7_2</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">mysql-community-server x86_64 5.6.32-2.el7 mysql56-community 59 M</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">Installing </code><code class="bash keyword">for</code> <code class="bash plain">dependencies:</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">mysql-community-client x86_64 5.6.32-2.el7 mysql56-community 19 M</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">mysql-community-common x86_64 5.6.32-2.el7 mysql56-community 256 k</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2 x86_64 2.061-3.el7 base 32 k</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib x86_64 1:2.061-4.el7 base 57 k</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">perl-DBI x86_64 1.627-4.el7 base 802 k</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">perl-IO-Compress noarch 2.061-2.el7 base 260 k</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">perl-Net-Daemon noarch 0.48-5.el7 base 51 k</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">perl-PlRPC noarch 0.2020-14.el7 base 36 k</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Transaction Summary</code>
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<code class="bash plain">=============================================================================================================</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Install 2 Packages (+8 Dependent packages)</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Total download size: 82 M</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Is this ok :</code>
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3. 可以看出，server和client都被选择安装。选择y，自动下载安装。</p>
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4. 安装完成后，启动Mysql。</p>
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<code class="bash plain">systemctl start mysqld.service</code>
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5. 设置root密码。</p>
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<code class="sql keyword">update</code> <code class="sql color2">user</code> <code class="sql keyword">set</code> <code class="sql keyword">password</code><code class="sql plain">=</code><code class="sql keyword">password</code><code class="sql plain">(</code><code class="sql string">"123456"</code><code class="sql plain">) </code><code class="sql keyword">where</code> <code class="sql color2">user</code><code class="sql plain">=</code><code class="sql string">'root'</code><code class="sql plain">;</code>
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6. 开机自启动。</p>
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<code class="bash plain">vim </code><code class="bash plain">/etc/rc</code><code class="bash plain">.</code><code class="bash functions">local</code>
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<code class="bash plain">添加service mysqld start</code>
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7.重要更新：</p>
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新的rpm安装文件没有自动yum安装的脚本了，需要手动执行yum安装。</p>
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即步骤2之后执行yum install mysql-server即可。</p>
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8.关于自启动</p>
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步骤6只适用于mysqld没有自启动的条件下。</p>
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如果默认mysql是自启动的，可能和rc.local中的自启动出现乱序之类的问题。</p>
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<span><strong>更稳妥的一个解决办法见：</strong></span></p>
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<span><strong>CentOS 7 程序自启动的问题</strong></span></p>
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<strong>一、问题现象：</strong></p>
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系统重启后，发现mysqld服务启动正常，但是依赖mysql数据库的应用程序A启动失败。</p>
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查看日志显示，程序A启动的时候链接数据库失败。</p>
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<strong>二、原因分析：</strong></p>
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mysqld服务是正常启动的。</p>
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此时手动重启程序A，A也正常运行。</p>
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结论：说明程序A启动的时候，mysqld可能没有启动。</p>
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<strong>三、启动顺序</strong></p>
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首先想到的就是调整mysqld服务的启动顺序，让它高过我的程序A。</p>
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然而发现/etc/init.d路径下没有关于mysqld的启动脚本。</p>
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<strong>四、解决思路</strong></p>
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按照链接指示安装的mysqld默认是自动启动的。</p>
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可以取消mysqld的自启动，然后写一个启动脚本确保它启动在程序A启动之前。</p>
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<strong>五、解决办法</strong></p>
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1. 查看系统当前默认启动项目的方法，不再是setup之类的了。</p>
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执行此命令能查看当前系统的服务启动和服务状态。</p>
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结果显示如下：</p>
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<code class="bash plain">...</code>
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<code class="bash plain">microcode.service enabled </code>
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<code class="bash plain">mysql.service enabled </code>
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<code class="bash plain">mysqld.service enabled </code>
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<code class="bash plain">NetworkManager-dispatcher.service enabled </code>
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<code class="bash plain">...</code>
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2. 取消mysqld的自启动</p>
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systemctl disable mysqld</p>
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执行该命令后再查看当前系统的服务状态：</p>
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<code class="bash plain">microcode.service enabled </code>
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<code class="bash plain">NetworkManager-dispatcher.service enabled </code>
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<code class="bash plain">...</code>
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3. 自定义/etc/rc.local</p>
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先执行systemctl start mysqld</p>
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再执行startA</p>
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以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。</p>
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原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/yoyotl/p/5752437.html</p>
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