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deepin 23 , 拯救你的吃灰（树莓）派-详细配置教程

<p><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-34870" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/蓝色描边插画新闻资讯微信公众号封面.png" alt="" width="900" height="383" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/蓝色描边插画新闻资讯微信公众号封面.png 900w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/蓝色描边插画新闻资讯微信公众号封面-300x128.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/蓝色描边插画新闻资讯微信公众号封面-150x64.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/蓝色描边插画新闻资讯微信公众号封面-768x327.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/蓝色描边插画新闻资讯微信公众号封面-24x10.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/蓝色描边插画新闻资讯微信公众号封面-36x15.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/蓝色描边插画新闻资讯微信公众号封面-48x20.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px" /></p>
<p>之前收到留言，用户提出想要在树莓派运行 deepin 23 系统，近期 deepin（深度）社区<strong> deepin-raspberrypi SIG </strong>内部发布了一个可以给树莓派使用的尝鲜版 deepin 23 镜像，接下来我们一起看看这个卡片电脑，运行 deepin 23 的效果吧。(已验证设备树莓派 4b，树莓派 5b，理论上该镜像通用其他型号，大家也可以自己尝试哦~)</p>
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<h1 style="text-align: center;"><strong>一、构建内核</strong></h1>
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<p>内核可以从官方仓库的 boot 目录下拷贝：<em>https://github.com/raspberrypi/firmware</em> </p>
<p>安装工具，这里选择交叉编译，安装 64 位工具链。</p>
<blockquote><p>sudo apt install git bc bison flex libssl-dev make libc6-dev libncurses5-dev</p></blockquote>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>克隆代码</p>
<blockquote><p>git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux</p></blockquote>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>根据 Raspberry Pi 型号运行以下命令来准备默认配置。这里以树莓派 4b 和5b 为例。</p>
<p><strong>1.1 树莓派 4b</strong></p>
<blockquote><p>cd linux</p>
<p>KERNEL=kernel8</p>
<p>make ARCH=arm64 CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- bcm2711_defconfig</p></blockquote>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>1.2 树莓派 5b</strong></p>
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<p style="text-align: left;">cd linux</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">KERNEL=kernel_2712</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">make ARCH=arm64 CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- bcm2712_defconfig</p>
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<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>使用配置构建，对于所有 64 位版本</p>
<blockquote><p>make -j$(nproc) ARCH=arm64 CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- Image dtbs modules</p></blockquote>
<p>更多内容请参考: https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/computers/linux_kernel.html</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
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<h1 style="text-align: center;"><strong>二、创建磁盘文件</strong></h1>
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<blockquote><p>dd if=/dev/zero of=deepin-raspberrypi.img bs=1M count=2G</p></blockquote>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<blockquote><p>(echo n; echo 1; echo ""; echo +300M; echo ef00; \</p>
<p>echo c; echo boot; \</p>
<p>echo n; echo 2; echo ""; echo ""; echo ""; \</p>
<p>echo c; echo 2; echo rootfs; \</p>
<p>echo w; echo y) | gdisk deepin-raspberrypi.img</p></blockquote>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>挂载</p>
<blockquote><p>LOOP=$(sudo losetup --partscan --find --show deepin-raspberrypi.img)</p></blockquote>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<blockquote><p>sudo mkfs.fat -F32 "${LOOP}p1"<br />
sudo mkfs.ext4 "${LOOP}p2"</p></blockquote>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
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<section><strong>2.1 拷贝根文件系统和引导</strong></section>
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<blockquote><p>mkdir /mnt/rootfs</p>
<p>ROOTFS="/mnt/rootfs"</p>
<p>sudo mount "${LOOP}p2" $ROOTFS</p>
<p>git clone https://github.com/chenchongbiao/deepin-raspberrypi.git</p>
<p>cd deepin-raspberrypi</p>
<p># 构建根文件系统</p>
<p>./build-rootfs.sh</p>
<p>sudo mount "${LOOP}p1" $ROOTFS/boot</p>
<p># 在物理设备上需要添加 cmdline.txt 定义 Linux内核启动时的命令行参数</p>
<p>PTUUID=$(sudo blkid /dev/loop0 | awk -F'PTUUID="' '{print $2}' | awk -F'"' '{print $1}')</p>
<p>echo "console=serial0,115200 console=tty1 root=PARTUUID=$PTUUID-02 rootfstype=ext4 elevator=deadline fsck.repair=yes rootwait quiet init=/usr/lib/raspi-config/init_resize.sh" | sudo tee $ROOTFS/boot/cmdline.txt</p>
<p># 拷贝引导加载程序/GPU 固件等, 从 https://github.com/raspberrypi/firmware/tree/master/boot 官方仓库中拷贝，另外放入了 cmdline.txt 和 config.txt 配置</p>
<p>sudo cp -r firmware/* $ROOTFS/boot</p></blockquote>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
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<section><strong>2.2 安装 raspi-config</strong></section>
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<blockquote><p>树莓派官方系统配置工具‌</p>
<p>sudo mount --bind /dev $ROOTFS/dev</p>
<p>sudo mount -t proc chproc $ROOTFS/proc</p>
<p>sudo mount -t sysfs chsys $ROOTFS/sys</p>
<p>sudo mount -t tmpfs -o "size=99%" tmpfs $ROOTFS/tmp</p>
<p>sudo mount -t tmpfs -o "size=99%" tmpfs $ROOTFS/var/tmp</p>
<p># 安装树莓派的 raspi-config</p>
<p>sudo chroot $ROOTFS /usr/bin/env bash -e -o pipefail -c "curl http://archive.raspberrypi.org/debian/pool/main/r/raspi-config/raspi-config_20240313_all.deb -o /tmp/raspi-config.deb"</p>
<p>sudo chroot $ROOTFS /usr/bin/env bash -e -o pipefail -c "apt update -y &amp;&amp; apt install -y /tmp/raspi-config.deb"</p>
<p>sudo chroot $ROOTFS /usr/bin/env bash -e -o pipefail -c "rm /tmp/raspi-config.deb"</p></blockquote>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
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<section><strong>2.3 编辑分区表</strong></section>
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<blockquote><p>PTUUID=$(sudo blkid $LOOP | awk -F'PTUUID="' '{print $2}' | awk -F'"' '{print $1}')</p>
<p>sudo tee $ROOTFS/etc/fstab &lt;&lt; EOF</p>
<p>proc /proc proc defaults 0 0</p>
<p>PARTUUID=$PTUUID-01 /boot vfat defaults 0 2</p>
<p>PARTUUID=$PTUUID-02 / ext4 defaults,noatime 0 1</p>
<p>EOF</p></blockquote>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>卸载磁盘</p>
<blockquote><p>sudo umount -l $ROOTFS</p>
<p>sudo losetup -D $LOOP</p></blockquote>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
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<h1 style="text-align: center;"><strong>三、自动化脚本</strong></h1>
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<blockquote><p>git clone https://github.com/deepin-community/deepin-raspberrypi.git</p>
<p>cd deepin-raspberrypi</p>
<p>./build.sh</p></blockquote>
<p>构建的是最小系统。</p>
<p>默认账号密码都是deepin。</p>
<p>推荐使用树莓派官方的烧录工具。</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
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<h1 style="text-align: center;"><strong>四、扩容</strong></h1>
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<section>镜像烧录完后可能没自动扩容需要手动操作下。</section>
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<blockquote><p>sudo e2fsck -f /dev/sda2sudo resize2fs /dev/sda2</p></blockquote>
<p>sda 根据TF卡插入后显示的实际设备修改，可以通过命令 lsblk 查看。</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
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<h1 style="text-align: center;"><strong>五、安装桌面</strong></h1>
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<blockquote><p>export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive</p>
<p>sudo apt update</p>
<p>sudo apt install deepin-desktop-environment-base \</p>
<p>deepin-desktop-environment-cli \</p>
<p>deepin-desktop-environment-core \</p>
<p>deepin-desktop-environment-extras</p></blockquote>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>安装完毕后重启。</p>
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<h1 style="text-align: center;"><strong>六、安装应用</strong></h1>
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<p>建议直接前往应用官网、GitHub 等下载对应的应用安装包。</p>
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<section><strong>6.1 安装浏览器</strong></p>
<blockquote><p>sudo apt install firefox</p></blockquote>
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<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>6.2 安装 UOS AI</strong></p>
<blockquote><p>sudo apt update</p>
<p>sudo apt install uos-ai</p></blockquote>
<p>可能需要重启，才能在 dock 栏看到 UOS AI 的插件。通过点击 UOS AI 图标，可以弹出界面，点击无账号可以免费领取账号使用。</p>
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<section><strong>6.3 中文输入法</strong></section>
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<p>需要安装插件</p>
<blockquote><p>sudo apt update</p>
<p>sudo apt install deepin-fcitx5configtool-plugin</p></blockquote>
<p>安装完成后，在控制中心=&gt;键盘和语言=&gt;输入法中设置。</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h1 style="text-align: center;"><strong>七、效果图</strong></h1>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-34867 aligncenter" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/微信图片_20240923095910.jpg" alt="" width="1000" height="600" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/微信图片_20240923095910.jpg 1000w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/微信图片_20240923095910-300x180.jpg 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/微信图片_20240923095910-150x90.jpg 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/微信图片_20240923095910-768x461.jpg 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/微信图片_20240923095910-24x14.jpg 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/微信图片_20240923095910-36x22.jpg 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/微信图片_20240923095910-48x29.jpg 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px" /></p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-34868 aligncenter" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/微信图片_20240923095916.jpg" alt="" width="1000" height="720" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/微信图片_20240923095916.jpg 1000w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/微信图片_20240923095916-300x216.jpg 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/微信图片_20240923095916-150x108.jpg 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/微信图片_20240923095916-768x553.jpg 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/微信图片_20240923095916-24x17.jpg 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/微信图片_20240923095916-36x26.jpg 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/微信图片_20240923095916-48x35.jpg 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px" /></p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-34869 aligncenter" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/微信图片_20240923095920.jpg" alt="" width="1080" height="608" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/微信图片_20240923095920.jpg 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/微信图片_20240923095920-300x169.jpg 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/微信图片_20240923095920-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/微信图片_20240923095920-150x84.jpg 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/微信图片_20240923095920-768x432.jpg 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/微信图片_20240923095920-24x14.jpg 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/微信图片_20240923095920-36x20.jpg 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/微信图片_20240923095920-48x27.jpg 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>原生的 QQ、微信、WPS 等应用都可以使用。</p>
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<h1 style="text-align: center;"><strong>八、镜像下载</strong></h1>
<p>镜像下载链接：<em>https://www.123pan.com/s/kzYMjv-UCmVH</em></p>
<p>提取码：OiFA</p>
<p>后续优化后将提交镜像到 deepin 官网，敬请关注。</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>感谢 sig-deepin-raspberrypi 成员<strong>空木蓮華</strong>供稿，欢迎大家加入 SIG 组一起玩，有问题欢迎提交至 <em>https://github.com/deepin-community/deepin-raspberrypi</em>，期待各位的反馈。</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h1><strong>相关阅读：</strong></h1>
<p>（1）deepin 全版本镜像下载（含 deepin V15）</p>
<p>（2） deepin-raspberrypi </p>
<p>（3）deepin 23 下如何运行绝大数 Windows 游戏？</p>
<p>（4）除了 Steam，deepin 还能怎么玩游戏？</p>
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<p style="text-align: right;">内容来源：deepin（深度）操作系统</p>
<p style="text-align: right;">转载请注明出处</p>
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