如何简单实现Windows应用在Linux系统上的无缝运行？
<p><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35790" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/蓝色简约AI时代数字化创新转型峰会公众号封面.png" alt="" width="900" height="383" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/蓝色简约AI时代数字化创新转型峰会公众号封面.png 900w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/蓝色简约AI时代数字化创新转型峰会公众号封面-300x128.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/蓝色简约AI时代数字化创新转型峰会公众号封面-150x64.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/蓝色简约AI时代数字化创新转型峰会公众号封面-768x327.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/蓝色简约AI时代数字化创新转型峰会公众号封面-24x10.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/蓝色简约AI时代数字化创新转型峰会公众号封面-36x15.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/蓝色简约AI时代数字化创新转型峰会公众号封面-48x20.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px" /></p><p>统信 Windows 应用兼容引擎 V3.0 的推出，让用户可以在 deepin 系统上直接双击.exe文件运行 Windows 应用程序。</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35794" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351775715726.png" alt="" width="1080" height="724" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351775715726.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351775715726-300x201.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351775715726-1024x686.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351775715726-150x101.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351775715726-768x515.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351775715726-24x16.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351775715726-36x24.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351775715726-48x32.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<section>近期，我们收到了大家诸多的反馈信息。基于这些反馈，我们对使用兼容引擎运行 Windows 应用时常见的各类问题进行了梳理，同时也整理出了在问题出现的情况下，怎样借助相关工具以及日志来展开有效排查的方法。 </p>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<section></section>
<section>
<section>
<h1 style="text-align: center;"><strong>1、绿色软件和安装程序的区别</strong></h1>
</section>
</section>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<section>安装程序的文件名一般会带有 Setup 或者 Installer， 双击之后的界面是这样的：</section>
<section></section>
<ul class="list-paddingleft-1">
<li>
<section>会有设置安装位置的选项；</section>
</li>
<li>
<section>点击“下一步”之后会展示进度条，展示安装目录；</section>
</li>
<li>
<section>
<section>以及最重要的，在 Windows 桌面和开始菜单上创建快捷方式。</section>
</section>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35795" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776061605.png" alt="" width="1080" height="576" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776061605.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776061605-300x160.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776061605-1024x546.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776061605-150x80.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776061605-768x410.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776061605-24x13.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776061605-36x19.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776061605-48x26.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p>兼容引擎在运行的 exe 退出之后会自动去找它创建的快捷方式，然后添加到应用列表中。</p>
<p>绿色软件通常是一个压缩包，解压之后能看到主程序文件和一堆资源文件：</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35796" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776097526.png" alt="" width="1080" height="537" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776097526.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776097526-300x149.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776097526-1024x509.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776097526-150x75.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776097526-768x382.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776097526-24x12.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776097526-36x18.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776097526-48x24.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p>双击这种 exe 就可以直接运行，没有安装和创建快捷方式的过程。</p>
<p> </p>
<section>
<section>
<section>
<section>
<section>
<h1 style="text-align: center;"><strong>2、双击exe安装后，为什么有些应用没有添加到应用列表</strong></h1>
</section>
</section>
</section>
</section>
</section>
<section>兼容引擎是在应用退出之后才会将运行的 exe 添加到应用列表中。</p>
<section>
<section>
<section>
<section>
<section>
<section><strong>2.1 如果运行的 exe 是安装程序</strong></section>
</section>
</section>
</section>
</section>
</section>
<ul class="list-paddingleft-1">
<li>
<section>用户自己停止安装、或者运行的安装程序没有创建快捷方式；</section>
</li>
<li>
<section>安装程序安装完成后可能会自己启动应用，但应用起不来；</section>
</li>
<li>
<section>
<section>或者应用起来了，用户点击“关闭”的时候，进程没有完全退出。</section>
<section></section>
</section>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<p>上述情形下，兼容引擎列表里可能不会有应用快捷方式。</p>
<p><strong>2.2 如果运行绿色软件</strong></p>
<p>运行的应用没有完全退出，可以检查应用是否最小化到在托盘内</p>
<p>对于应用无法退出的情况，打开任务管理器，搜索 exe 的进程，然后选中，在右键菜单里面点击“强制退出”：</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35797" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776133191.png" alt="" width="1080" height="526" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776133191.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776133191-300x146.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776133191-1024x499.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776133191-150x73.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776133191-768x374.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776133191-700x340.png 700w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776133191-24x12.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776133191-36x18.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776133191-48x23.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p> </p>
<section>
<section>
<section></section>
<section>
<section>
<h1 style="text-align: center;"><strong>3、如何运行 .Net 应用</strong></h1>
</section>
</section>
</section>
</section>
<section>兼容引擎会自己去检测运行的 exe 是否是 .Net 应用，如果检测到了会提示安装修复：</section>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35798" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776168262.png" alt="" width="1080" height="511" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776168262.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776168262-300x142.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776168262-1024x485.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776168262-150x71.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776168262-768x363.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776168262-24x11.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776168262-36x17.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776168262-48x23.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p>此时点击“修复”会安装推荐的 .Net 版本。</p>
<p>如果在双击运行的时候没有自动修复而是直接跳转到运行失败的界面，可以点击“我要调试”，在弹出的配置界面里安装 .Net Framework 框架。</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35799" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776202206.png" alt="" width="1080" height="606" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776202206.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776202206-300x168.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776202206-1024x575.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776202206-150x84.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776202206-768x431.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776202206-24x13.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776202206-36x20.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776202206-48x27.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p>在配置界面中，点击“组件安装”，在右侧的搜索界面输入“dotnet”，安装需要的 .Net 版本：</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35800" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776222264.png" alt="" width="1080" height="612" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776222264.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776222264-300x170.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776222264-1024x580.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776222264-150x85.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776222264-768x435.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776222264-24x14.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776222264-36x20.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776222264-48x27.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p>也可以选择安装开源的 .Net Framework 实现 Mono：</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35800" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776222264.png" alt="" width="1080" height="612" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776222264.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776222264-300x170.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776222264-1024x580.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776222264-150x85.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776222264-768x435.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776222264-24x14.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776222264-36x20.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776222264-48x27.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<section>对于需要安装 .Net Framework 的程序，聪明一点的应用会弹一个弹窗，这时候根据上面的步骤安装对应的 .Net Framework 框架：<img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35800" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776222264.png" alt="" width="1080" height="612" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776222264.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776222264-300x170.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776222264-1024x580.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776222264-150x85.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776222264-768x435.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776222264-24x14.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776222264-36x20.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776222264-48x27.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p>笨一点的程序就不会给弹窗，而是直接退出了，这时候就可以去看运行日志，判断是不是安装 .Net 就可以运行。</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35852" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/0.gif" alt="" width="1079" height="584" /></p>
<p>点击应用右侧的“…”按钮，打开“高级调试工具”。</p>
</section>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35804" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776382532.png" alt="" width="948" height="375" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776382532.png 948w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776382532-300x119.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776382532-150x59.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776382532-768x304.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776382532-24x9.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776382532-36x14.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776382532-48x19.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 948px) 100vw, 948px" /></p>
<p>在应用图标的上方右键，在弹出的右键菜单中选择“在终端中运行”：</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35805" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776425062.png" alt="" width="1080" height="667" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776425062.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776425062-300x185.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776425062-1024x632.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776425062-150x93.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776425062-768x474.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776425062-24x15.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776425062-36x22.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776425062-48x30.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p>如果我们能在终端上看到：</p>
<blockquote><p><span class="code-snippet__selector-tag">err</span><span class="code-snippet__selector-pseudo">:mscoree</span><span class="code-snippet__selector-pseudo">:CLRRuntimeInfo_GetRuntimeHost</span> <span class="code-snippet__selector-tag">Wine</span> <span class="code-snippet__selector-tag">Mono</span> <span class="code-snippet__selector-tag">is</span> <span class="code-snippet__selector-tag">not</span> <span class="code-snippet__selector-tag">installed</span></p></blockquote>
<p>这样子的日志，就说明这个应用需要安装 .Net 才能正常运行：</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35806" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776469830.png" alt="" width="1080" height="623" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776469830.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776469830-300x173.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776469830-1024x591.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776469830-150x87.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776469830-768x443.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776469830-24x14.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776469830-36x21.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776469830-48x28.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p> </p>
<section>
<section>
<section></section>
<section>
<section>
<h1 style="text-align: center;"><strong>4、安装完成为什么没有打包</strong><strong> </strong></h1>
</section>
</section>
</section>
</section>
<section>应用打包的入口已经转移到了主页：<img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35807" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776522270.png" alt="" width="1080" height="677" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776522270.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776522270-300x188.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776522270-1024x642.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776522270-150x94.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776522270-768x481.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776522270-24x15.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776522270-36x23.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776522270-48x30.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p> </p>
<section>
<section>
<section>
<section>
<h1 style="text-align: center;"><strong>5、绿色软件打包注意事项</strong></h1>
</section>
</section>
</section>
</section>
<section>在你开始打包时，如果要打包的应用是一个绿色软件，会弹出这样子的提示：<img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35808" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177655241.png" alt="" width="941" height="371" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177655241.png 941w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177655241-300x118.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177655241-150x59.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177655241-768x303.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177655241-24x9.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177655241-36x14.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177655241-48x19.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 941px) 100vw, 941px" /></p>
<p>至于什么时候该选“打包应用本身”，什么情况选“打包文件夹”，取决于运行的应用本身。</p>
<p>如果运行的绿色软件是一个非常简单的应用，同级目录下没有任何文件就能够跑起来，比如这样：</p>
</section>
</section>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35809" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776587866.png" alt="" width="1080" height="493" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776587866.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776587866-300x137.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776587866-1024x467.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776587866-150x68.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776587866-768x351.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776587866-24x11.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776587866-36x16.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776587866-48x22.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<section>那么在打包的时候可以直接选择“打包应用本身”，此时 deb 包里就仅包含这个 exe 文件。但大多数情况下，大多数绿色软件除了运行的 exe 以外，还会自带运行的 dll、资源文件、各种配置文件，比如这样：</p>
</section>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35810" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776617050.png" alt="" width="1080" height="579" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776617050.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776617050-300x161.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776617050-1024x549.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776617050-150x80.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776617050-768x412.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776617050-24x13.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776617050-36x19.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776617050-48x26.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p>那么打包的时候就需要选择“打包文件夹”，然后选择整个绿色软件解压后的路径。兼容引擎只是默认打开 exe 所在的目录，如果 exe 所在的层级目录很深，你需要选择更上层的文件夹才能保证将绿色软件完全打包。</p>
<p> </p>
<section>
<section>
<section>
<section>
<h1 style="text-align: center;"><strong>6、如何删除应用重新安装</strong></h1>
</section>
</section>
</section>
</section>
<section>对于安装程序，大多数应用只会创建一个快捷方式，因此只需要点击“卸载”就能完全移除应用。</section>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35811" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776641858.png" alt="" width="1080" height="612" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776641858.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776641858-300x170.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776641858-1024x580.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776641858-150x85.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776641858-768x435.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776641858-24x14.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776641858-36x20.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776641858-48x27.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p>绿色软件也是如此，只需要将点击卸载就行。</p>
<p>如果一个应用创建了多个快捷方式，那么在高级调试工具里能看到多个应用图标（比如 WPS Office）：</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35812" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776672230.png" alt="" width="1080" height="638" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776672230.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776672230-300x177.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776672230-1024x605.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776672230-150x89.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776672230-768x454.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776672230-24x14.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776672230-36x21.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776672230-48x28.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<section>
<section>此时只有将列表对应的 exe 都点击“卸载”后，才算是完全删除了应用。之后就可以重新允许安装程序了：<img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35813" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776705247.png" alt="" width="1080" height="645" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776705247.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776705247-300x179.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776705247-1024x612.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776705247-150x90.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776705247-768x459.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776705247-24x14.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776705247-36x22.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776705247-48x29.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p> </p>
<section>
<section>
<section>
<section>
<section>
<h1 style="text-align: center;"><strong>7、应用首次安装成功可以运行，但是退出后再次运行，运行不起来</strong></h1>
</section>
</section>
</section>
</section>
</section>
<section>可以进入应用的高级调试页面，右击应用列表的图标，点击“在终端中运行”：<img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35814" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776755123.png" alt="" width="1080" height="593" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776755123.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776755123-300x165.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776755123-1024x562.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776755123-150x82.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776755123-768x422.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776755123-24x13.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776755123-36x20.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776755123-48x26.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p>此时就可以进入用于调试的终端了：</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35815" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177681754.png" alt="" width="1080" height="593" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177681754.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177681754-300x165.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177681754-1024x562.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177681754-150x82.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177681754-768x422.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177681754-24x13.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177681754-36x20.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177681754-48x26.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p>如果应用无法启动，然后在终端里能看到这样的错误</p>
</section>
</section>
</section>
<blockquote><p>import_dll Library MSVBVM60.DLL (which <span class="code-snippet__keyword">is</span> needed <span class="code-snippet__keyword">by</span> L<span class="code-snippet__string">"xxx.exe"</span>) not found</p>
<p>002c:err:wineboot:process_run_key Error running cmd L"C:\\windows\\system32\\winemenubuilder.exe -a -r" (126).<br />
wine version: 8.16<br />
0024:err:environ:init_peb starting L"C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Kingsoft\\TypeEasy\\TypeGame\\Frog\\TypeGame.exe" in experimental wow64 mode<br />
0024:err:module:import_dll Library MSVBVM60.DLL (which is needed by L"C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Kingsoft\\TypeEasy\\TypeGame\\Frog\\TypeGame.exe") not found<br />
0024:err:module:loader_init Importing dlls for L"C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Kingsoft\\TypeEasy\\TypeGame\\Frog\\TypeGame.exe" failed, status c0000135</p></blockquote>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35816" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776857224.png" alt="" width="1080" height="584" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776857224.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776857224-300x162.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776857224-1024x554.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776857224-150x81.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776857224-768x415.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776857224-24x13.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776857224-36x19.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776857224-48x26.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p>这是因为应用缺失了 dll，而这些 dll 在当前版本的 wine 还没有实现。这时候可以在“安装组件”里搜索 dll 的名字，看是否能够通过组件安装 dll：</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35817" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776879090.png" alt="" width="1080" height="688" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776879090.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776879090-300x191.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776879090-1024x652.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776879090-150x96.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776879090-768x489.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776879090-24x15.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776879090-36x23.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776879090-48x31.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p>应用可能缺多个 dll，在补完一个 dll 之后再次运行，又报一样的错误，只不过 dll 的名字不一样。一些小的应用可以在“组件安装”补完 dll 之后运行：</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35818" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776916050.png" alt="" width="1080" height="613" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776916050.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776916050-300x170.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776916050-1024x581.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776916050-150x85.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776916050-768x436.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776916050-24x14.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776916050-36x20.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776916050-48x27.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p>如果无法在组件列表中安装缺失的 dll，那就只能自己从网上下载 dll 后，在高级调试界面的“调试工具”里打开容器 C 盘，将 dll 手动复制到 windows/system32 （或 windows/syswow64）下。</p>
<p> </p>
<section>
<section>
<section>
<section>
<h1 style="text-align: center;"><strong>8、提示应用正在运行</strong></h1>
</section>
</section>
</section>
</section>
<section>因为通过双击运行的应用还没有退出。可以查看关闭窗口后，应用是否缩小到了托盘里。如果出现应用崩溃而无法正常退出的情况，只能手动将崩溃的进程杀掉。打开“任务管理器”，搜索 exe，右击找到的进程，在弹出的菜单里选择“强制结束进程”。 </p>
</section>
<h1 style="text-align: center;"><strong>9、如何收集日志</strong></h1>
<section>兼容引擎的日志路径：</p>
<blockquote><p>~<span class="code-snippet__regexp">/.local/share</span><span class="code-snippet__regexp">/deepin-wine-bottles/bottles</span>.log~<span class="code-snippet__regexp">/.cache/deepin</span><span class="code-snippet__regexp">/deepin-wine-builder/deepin</span>-wine-builder.log</p></blockquote>
</section>
<p>运行应用的 wine 日志：</p>
<blockquote><p>~<span class="code-snippet__regexp">/.local/share</span><span class="code-snippet__regexp">/deepin-wine-bottles/bottles</span><span class="code-snippet__regexp">/[应用容器目录]/logs</span></p></blockquote>
<section>
<section>
<section>
<section>
<section>
<h1 style="text-align: center;"><strong>10、如何在已有的应用列表中运行升级、安装程序</strong></h1>
</section>
</section>
</section>
</section>
</section>
<section>现在的兼容引擎在每次双击、添加 exe 的时候都会单独创建一个隔离的环境（容器）。如果需要在已经创建的容器中运行安装程序，可以在高级配置中选择“调试工具”、单击“应用卸载器”：</section>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35819" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776955305.png" alt="" width="1024" height="547" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776955305.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776955305-300x160.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776955305-150x80.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776955305-768x410.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776955305-24x13.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776955305-36x19.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351776955305-48x26.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></p>
<p>在打开的应用卸载器选择“安装”：</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35820" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177698234.png" alt="" width="1024" height="614" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177698234.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177698234-300x180.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177698234-150x90.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177698234-768x461.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177698234-24x14.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177698234-36x22.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177698234-48x29.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></p>
<p>然后选择要运行的安装程序，如果不知道如何选择路径，可以先在浏览下拉框里选择“/”（系统根目录），然后一层一层向下选择文件夹：</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35821" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177701997.png" alt="" width="1024" height="544" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177701997.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177701997-300x159.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177701997-150x80.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177701997-768x408.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177701997-24x13.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177701997-36x19.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177701997-48x26.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></p>
<p>安装程序安装完成后，重新打开高级配置，可以在应用列表的“+”号按钮里添加安装的 EXE：</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35822" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777042675.png" alt="" width="1024" height="611" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777042675.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777042675-300x179.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777042675-150x90.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777042675-768x458.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777042675-24x14.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777042675-36x21.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777042675-48x29.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></p>
<section>
<section>
<section>
<section>
<h1 style="text-align: center;"><strong>11、高级调试工具详细说明</strong></h1>
<p>这里主要说明运行应用时的常见现象和对应配置。</p>
<p><strong>11.1 WineD3D 渲染方式</strong></p>
<section>主要影响使用 3D 加速渲染的应用，wine 提供了三种渲染方式：</section>
<ul class="list-paddingleft-1">
<li>
<section>gdi：禁用 3D 加速；</section>
</li>
<li>
<section>opengl ：默认情况下 wine 将使用 OpenGL 实现 Direct3D 渲染 API；</section>
</li>
<li>
<section>vulkan 使用 Vulkan 实现 Direct3D 渲染 API，但实现并不完全。</section>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
</section>
</section>
</section>
<p>如果应用启动黑屏：</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35853" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/1.gif" alt="" width="1079" height="545" /></p>
<p>可以尝试将渲染方式设置成 gdi：</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35823" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777135360.png" alt="" width="1080" height="584" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777135360.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777135360-300x162.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777135360-1024x554.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777135360-150x81.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777135360-768x415.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777135360-24x13.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777135360-36x19.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777135360-48x26.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p>然后重新启动：</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35854" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735180209742.png" alt="" width="1079" height="624" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735180209742.png 1079w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735180209742-300x173.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735180209742-1024x592.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735180209742-150x87.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735180209742-768x444.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735180209742-24x14.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735180209742-36x21.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735180209742-48x28.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1079px) 100vw, 1079px" /></p>
<p><strong>11.2 显示 DPI</strong></p>
<section>主要影响应用的文字显示大小。在高分屏上如果应用的显示字体过小，可以拉高 DPI 的值：<img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35824" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777456161.png" alt="" width="1080" height="588" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777456161.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777456161-300x163.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777456161-1024x558.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777456161-150x82.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777456161-768x418.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777456161-24x13.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777456161-36x20.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777456161-48x26.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p>默认 DPI（96）的显示效果：</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35825" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777482259.png" alt="" width="1080" height="608" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777482259.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777482259-300x169.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777482259-1024x576.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777482259-150x84.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777482259-768x432.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777482259-24x14.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777482259-36x20.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777482259-48x27.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p><strong>11.3 Dxvk、VkD3D</strong></p>
</section>
<p>DXVK 是 Direct 11 的 Vulkan 实现，而 VkD3D 是 Direct 12 的 Vulkan 实现。在设置安装好 Vulkan 驱动后，就可以通过设置这两个选项来运行游戏了。</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35827" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777561059.png" alt="" width="1080" height="561" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777561059.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777561059-300x156.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777561059-1024x532.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777561059-150x78.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777561059-768x399.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777561059-24x12.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777561059-36x19.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777561059-48x25.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p>以 deepin 23 为例， A 卡用户需要安装 mesa-vulkan-drivers 。打开终端，然后输入下面的命令：</p>
<blockquote><p><span class="code-snippet__attribute">sudo</span> apt install mesa-vulkan-drivers</p></blockquote>
<p>对于 N 卡用户，需要安装 nvdia-vulkan-icd ：</p>
<blockquote><p><span class="code-snippet__attribute">sudo</span> apt install nvidia-vulkan-icd</p></blockquote>
<p>然后安装 vulkan-tools ，运行 vkcube ，能弹出 vkcube 的 demo，说明 Vulkan 显卡驱动设置完成了：</p>
<blockquote><p>sudo apt install vulkan-tools<br />
vkcube</p></blockquote>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35828" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777608706.png" alt="" width="1080" height="608" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777608706.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777608706-300x169.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777608706-1024x576.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777608706-150x84.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777608706-768x432.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777608706-24x14.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777608706-36x20.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777608706-48x27.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p>可以看下使用 dxvk 前后的帧率对比。不使用 dxvk 的游戏处于不可玩的状态（0帧、渲染一帧需要6秒）：</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35829" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777646893.png" alt="" width="1080" height="608" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777646893.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777646893-300x169.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777646893-1024x576.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777646893-150x84.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777646893-768x432.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777646893-24x14.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777646893-36x20.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777646893-48x27.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p>dxvk 对显卡驱动是有要求的（ <em>https://github.com/doitsujin/dxvk/wiki/Driver-support</em>、<em>https://github.com/doitsujin/dxvk/wiki/Driver-support</em>），2.0 之后的 dxvk 的要求（需要 Vulkan 1.3 的驱动）：</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35831" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777732540.png" alt="" width="436" height="141" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777732540.png 436w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777732540-300x97.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777732540-150x49.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777732540-24x8.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777732540-36x12.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777732540-48x16.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 436px) 100vw, 436px" /></p>
<p>dxvk 1.10.3 及以下版本的显卡要求（需要 Vulkan 1.1 的驱动）：</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35832" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777776776.png" alt="" width="386" height="146" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777776776.png 386w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777776776-300x113.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777776776-150x57.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777776776-24x9.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777776776-36x14.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777776776-48x18.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 386px) 100vw, 386px" /></p>
<p>Nvidia 用户中查询系统 Vulkan 系统版本：apt search nvidia-vulkan-icd</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35833" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777791996.png" alt="" width="1080" height="529" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777791996.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777791996-300x147.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777791996-1024x502.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777791996-150x73.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777791996-768x376.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777791996-24x12.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777791996-36x18.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777791996-48x24.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p>AMD/Intel 显卡用户查询系统 Vulkan 系统版本：apt search mesa-vulkan-drivers：</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35855" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351805422682.png" alt="" width="1080" height="529" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351805422682.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351805422682-300x147.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351805422682-1024x502.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351805422682-150x73.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351805422682-768x376.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351805422682-24x12.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351805422682-36x18.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351805422682-48x24.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p><strong>11.4 Windows 版本和 wine 版本</strong></p>
<p>应用在不同 Windows 版本下的会出现不同的行为。有的应用在高版本的 Windows 上，使用兼容引擎无法启动，此时可以将 Windows 版本设置成 Windows 7 或者更低版本来解决。</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35834" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777861707.png" alt="" width="1080" height="616" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777861707.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777861707-300x171.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777861707-1024x584.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777861707-150x86.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777861707-768x438.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777861707-24x14.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777861707-36x21.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777861707-48x27.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<section>因为有的应用会使用高版本 Windows 才有的 API，而 wine 本身又恰巧没有实现，此时使用高版本的 Windows 运行就会失败，只能将 Windows 版本切换到 Windows 7 以下才能运行。比如运行图吧工具箱的安装程序提示运行失败：</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35835" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777893976.png" alt="" width="1080" height="549" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777893976.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777893976-300x153.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777893976-1024x521.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777893976-150x76.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777893976-768x390.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777893976-24x12.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777893976-36x18.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777893976-48x24.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p>在运行失败的界面点击“查看日志”后可以看到这样子的日志：</p>
<blockquote><p><code><span class="code-snippet_outer"><span class="code-snippet__selector-tag">log</span></span></code></p>
<p><code><span class="code-snippet_outer"><span class="code-snippet__selector-tag">RoGetActivationFactory</span> <span class="code-snippet__selector-tag">Failed</span> <span class="code-snippet__selector-tag">to</span> <span class="code-snippet__selector-tag">find</span> <span class="code-snippet__selector-tag">library</span> <span class="code-snippet__selector-tag">for</span> <span class="code-snippet__selector-tag">L</span>"<span class="code-snippet__selector-tag">Windows</span><span class="code-snippet__selector-class">.UI</span><span class="code-snippet__selector-class">.Xaml</span><span class="code-snippet__selector-class">.Hosting</span><span class="code-snippet__selector-class">.WindowsXamlManager</span>"</span></code></p></blockquote>
</section>
<p>百度一下 Windows.UI.Xaml.Hosting.WindowsXamlManager，就能知道这其实是一个 Windows Runtime 的 API，只能在 Windows 8 之后的系统使用，但在 wine 里还没有实现完全导致安装程序无法启动。</p>
<p>将 Windows 的版本设置成 Windows 7，应该可以避免应用走到刚才坏的路径：</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35836" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777934690.png" alt="" width="1080" height="650" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777934690.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777934690-300x181.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777934690-1024x616.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777934690-150x90.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777934690-768x462.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777934690-24x14.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777934690-36x22.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777934690-48x29.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p>修改后安装程序可以运行了：</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35836" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777934690.png" alt="" width="1080" height="650" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777934690.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777934690-300x181.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777934690-1024x616.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777934690-150x90.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777934690-768x462.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777934690-24x14.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777934690-36x22.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351777934690-48x29.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p>如果应用使用 deepin-wine8-stable 无法打开，可以考虑将 wine 版本切换成后续的 deepin-wine-staging，使用新的 wine9 运行，高版本的 wine 实现了更多的功能。</p>
<p><strong>11.5 DLL 覆盖</strong></p>
<p>wine 自己实现了一套 Windows 核心的模块(dll)。我们把 wine 自己实现的 dll 称作 builtin（内建 dll），把 Windows 上现成的 dll 称作 native（原生 dll），而 wine 加载所有的 dll 文件时，都会优先载入内建的 dll。当我们需要让 wine 使用 Windows 上现成的 dll 时，就需要设置 DLL 覆盖。</p>
<p>wine 除了实现 Windows 核心 dll 以外（gdi32，kernel32，user32…），还实现了其他外围的 dll。（msxml、riched20、winnet…）</p>
<p>使用兼容引擎时，有时候会因为内建 dll 出现界面异常、崩溃的问题，这时候我们可以尝试使用 Windows 的原生 dll 来运行。</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35838" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177800739.png" alt="" width="1080" height="698" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177800739.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177800739-300x194.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177800739-1024x662.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177800739-150x97.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177800739-768x496.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177800739-24x16.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177800739-36x23.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177800739-48x31.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p>比方说应用内输入框光标偏移的问题：</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35856" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/3.gif" alt="" width="1062" height="296" /></p>
<p>就可通过使用 Windows 原生的 riched20.dll 解决 。原生的 riched20.dll 可以直接从网上下载，或者从其它 Windows 的 C 盘复制出来。打开应用的高级调试工具，点击“调试工具”，点击下方的“打开C盘”：</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35839" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778244116.png" alt="" width="1080" height="583" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778244116.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778244116-300x162.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778244116-1024x553.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778244116-150x81.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778244116-768x415.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778244116-24x13.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778244116-36x19.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778244116-48x26.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p>将原生的 riched20.dll 复制到容器 C 盘下方的 windows/system32 目录下：</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35857" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/4.gif" alt="" width="1078" height="337" /></p>
<p>然后将 riched20 设置成“原生优于内建”：</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35840" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778335269.png" alt="" width="1078" height="537" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778335269.png 1078w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778335269-300x149.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778335269-1024x510.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778335269-150x75.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778335269-768x383.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778335269-24x12.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778335269-36x18.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778335269-48x24.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1078px) 100vw, 1078px" /></p>
<p>此时再次启动应用：</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35858" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/5.gif" alt="" width="948" height="280" /></p>
<p>兼容引擎维护了一些常见的安装 Windows 运行库的配置脚本（组件），并自动将相关的 dll 设置成“原生优于内建”。比如光标上面的例子，可以直接在“组件安装”里搜索 riched20 然后安装：</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35841" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778435756.png" alt="" width="1080" height="604" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778435756.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778435756-300x168.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778435756-1024x573.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778435756-150x84.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778435756-768x430.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778435756-24x13.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778435756-36x20.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778435756-48x27.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p>支持的加载方式有：</p>
<ul class="list-paddingleft-1">
<li>
<section>原生（Windows）：仅加载原生 dll ，如果这个 dll 加载失败，应用将无法启动；</section>
</li>
<li>
<section>内建（Windows）：仅加载内建的 dll；</section>
</li>
<li>
<section>原生优于内建：优先加载原生 dll 文件，原生 dll 加载失败时，再去加载内建 dll；</section>
</li>
<li>
<section>内建优于原生：优先加载内建 dll，内建 dll 加载失败时，再去加载原生 dll；</section>
</li>
<li>
<section>
<section>禁用：禁用 dll或应用程序。</section>
</section>
</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>11.6 字体替换</strong></p>
<p>字体替换其实是对应用的一种“欺骗”，当应用加载字体 A 时，可以通过 wine 让应用去加载其他字体。比如应用希望加载宋体、黑体、微软雅黑等字体，但这些字体没有在系统上安装，此时就可以通过字体替换欺骗应用去加载其他字体。</p>
<p>应用找不到宋体时：</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35842" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778496664.png" alt="" width="1080" height="585" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778496664.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778496664-300x163.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778496664-1024x555.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778496664-150x81.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778496664-768x416.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778496664-24x13.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778496664-36x20.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778496664-48x26.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p>在高级调试工具将宋体替换成系统自带的衬线字体：</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35845" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778605200.png" alt="" width="1080" height="579" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778605200.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778605200-300x161.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778605200-1024x549.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778605200-150x80.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778605200-768x412.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778605200-24x13.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778605200-36x19.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778605200-48x26.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p>替换之后再打开应用：</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35844" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177856613.png" alt="" width="1080" height="585" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177856613.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177856613-300x163.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177856613-1024x555.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177856613-150x81.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177856613-768x416.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177856613-24x13.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177856613-36x20.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_1735177856613-48x26.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p><strong>11.7 调试工具</strong></p>
<p>用来启动 wine 自带的小工具：</p>
<ul class="list-paddingleft-1">
<li>
<section>打开C盘，将通过文件管理器打开容器 C 盘所在的文件夹；</section>
</li>
<li>
<section>注册表编辑器， 打开 wine 自带的注册表编辑器（regedit.exe）；</section>
</li>
<li>
<section>任务管理器，打开 wine 自带的任务管理器（taskmgr.exe）；</section>
</li>
<li>
<section>应用卸载器， 打开 wine 自带的应用卸载器（uninstall.exe）；</section>
</li>
<li>
<section>wine配置，打开 wine 自带的容器配置工具（winecfg.exe）；</section>
</li>
<li>
<section>
<section>退出所有应用，杀掉所有正在运行的 exe。</section>
</section>
</li>
</ul>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35843" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778535228.png" alt="" width="1080" height="590" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778535228.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778535228-300x164.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778535228-1024x559.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778535228-150x82.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778535228-768x420.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778535228-24x13.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778535228-36x20.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778535228-48x26.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p>如果应用运行的时候，系统的标题栏盖住了界面，而无法正常使用，比如这样：</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35846" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778637941.png" alt="" width="1080" height="556" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778637941.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778637941-300x154.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778637941-1024x527.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778637941-150x77.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778637941-768x395.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778637941-24x12.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778637941-36x19.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778637941-48x25.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p>此时就可以打开 “wine 配置”，禁用掉窗口装饰（取消勾选“允许窗口管理器装饰窗口”）：</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35847" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778717302.png" alt="" width="1080" height="569" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778717302.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778717302-300x158.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778717302-1024x539.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778717302-150x79.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778717302-768x405.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778717302-24x13.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778717302-36x19.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778717302-48x25.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p>在 wine 设置点击“确定”后，再次打开应用：</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35848" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778744185.png" alt="" width="1080" height="503" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778744185.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778744185-300x140.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778744185-1024x477.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778744185-150x70.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778744185-768x358.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778744185-24x11.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778744185-36x17.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778744185-48x22.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p>在 wine 设置勾选虚拟桌面，可以将应用显示在单独的窗口中，如果某个全屏应用无法使用，这个设置可以将应用放到窗口里：</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35849" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778774015.png" alt="" width="1080" height="554" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778774015.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778774015-300x154.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778774015-1024x525.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778774015-150x77.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778774015-768x394.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778774015-24x12.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778774015-36x18.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778774015-48x25.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p>启用虚拟桌面后：</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-35850" src="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778807636.png" alt="" width="1080" height="602" srcset="https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778807636.png 1080w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778807636-300x167.png 300w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778807636-1024x571.png 1024w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778807636-150x84.png 150w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778807636-768x428.png 768w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778807636-450x250.png 450w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778807636-24x13.png 24w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778807636-36x20.png 36w, https://www.deepin.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/企业微信截图_17351778807636-48x27.png 48w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /></p>
<p>以上就是使用兼容引擎运行 Windows 应用时常见的各类问题以及在问题出现的情况下，怎样借助相关工具以及日志来展开有效排查的方法内容。</p>
<p> </p>
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<p style="text-align: right;">内容来源：deepin（深度）社区</p>
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