WordPress速度优化-Nginx fastcgi_cache缓存加速

云如梭 發表於 2023-12-14 00:00:00

WordPress速度优化-Nginx fastcgi_cache缓存加速

高并发网站架构的核心原则其实就一句话“把所有的用户访问请求都尽量往前推“，即：能缓存在用户电脑本地的，就不要让他去访问CDN。能缓存CDN服务器上的，就不要让CDN去访问源（静态服务器）了。能访问静态服务器的，就不要去访问动态服务器。以此类推：能不访问数据库和存储就一定不要去访问数据库和存储。 
WordPress最好的优化方式就是尽量不安装插件，Wordpress是典型的PHP-MySQL应用，去做数据库缓存，倒不如让轻量级的Nginx直接去缓存WordPress内容。 
Nginx内置FastCgi缓存，但是不支持自动清除缓存。当你在Wordpress里面新建/修改一篇文章，或者访客提交评论的时候，自动清空相关的缓存是必要的！Nginx需要安装ngx_cache_purg+量身定做的WordPress缓存清理插件：Nginx Helper。 1. 安装Nginx ngx_cache_purge模块 
1）查看ngx_cache_purge是否安装 
nginx -V 2>&1 | grep -o ngx_cache_purge 
显示ngx_cache_purge表示已经安装 
2）安装ngx_cache_purge模块 
《OneinStack》和《lnmp一键安装包》下安装ngx_cache_purge模块 

<div style='margin: 3px auto 0px; padding: 0px 3px; outline: none; line-height: 21.6px; clear: both; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(0, 153, 204); background: rgb(246, 251, 255); overflow: hidden; font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei";'>
<div style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: none; float: right; line-height: 25.2px; font-size: 14px;">
复制代码
</div>
代码如下:</div>
<div id="phpcode5" style='margin: 0px auto 3px; padding: 0px 3px; outline: none; line-height: 25.2px; font-size: 14px; clear: both; border-right: 1px solid rgb(0, 153, 204); background: rgb(221, 237, 251); overflow: hidden; border-left: 1px solid rgb(0, 153, 204); word-break: break-all; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 153, 204); word-wrap: break-word; font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei";'>
 
cd /root/oneinstack/src 
wget http://labs.frickle.com/files/ngx_cache_purge-2.3.tar.gz 
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.9.10.tar.gz 
tar xzf ngx_cache_purge-2.3.tar.gz 
tar xzf nginx-1.9.10.tar.gz 
cd nginx-1.9.10 
nginx -V #查看nginx编译参数，最后加上--add-module=../ngx_cache_purge-2.3 
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=www --group=www \ 
--with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_v2_module --with-http_ssl_module \ 
--with-ipv6 --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_realip_module \ 
--with-http_flv_module --with-ld-opt=-ljemalloc \ 
--add-module=../ngx_cache_purge-2.3 
make #编译 
mv /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx{,_`date +%F`} #备份nginx 
cp objs/nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin 
nginx -V 2>&1 | grep -o ngx_cache_purge 
# 显示ngx_cache_purge表示已经安装成功</div>
 2. Nginx配置 建议将fastcgi_cache_path设置tmpfs内存中，操作系统不同tmpfs路径也不同，如下： CentOS：/dev/shm Ubuntu和Debian：/run/shm



修改nginx虚拟主机配置文件/usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/blog.linuxeye.com.conf： 

<div style='margin: 3px auto 0px; padding: 0px 3px; outline: none; line-height: 21.6px; clear: both; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(0, 153, 204); background: rgb(246, 251, 255); overflow: hidden; font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei";'>
<div style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: none; float: right; line-height: 25.2px; font-size: 14px;">
复制代码
</div>
代码如下:</div>
<div id="phpcode6" style='margin: 0px auto 3px; padding: 0px 3px; outline: none; line-height: 25.2px; font-size: 14px; clear: both; border-right: 1px solid rgb(0, 153, 204); background: rgb(221, 237, 251); overflow: hidden; border-left: 1px solid rgb(0, 153, 204); word-break: break-all; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 153, 204); word-wrap: break-word; font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei";'>
 
fastcgi_cache_path /dev/shm/nginx-cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=WORDPRESS:100m inactive=60m; 
fastcgi_cache_key "$scheme$request_method$host$request_uri"; 
fastcgi_cache_use_stale error timeout invalid_header http_500; 
fastcgi_ignore_headers Cache-Control Expires Set-Cookie; 
server { 
listen 443 ssl http2; 
ssl_certificate /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/linuxeye_blog.crt; 
ssl_certificate_key /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/linuxeye_blog.key; 
ssl_ciphers "CHACHA20:GCM:HIGH:!DH:!RC4:!aNULL:!eNULL:!LOW:!3DES:!MD5:!EXP:!PSK:!SRP:!DSS"; 
ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:10m; 
ssl_session_timeout 10m; 
#ssl_stapling on; 
#ssl_stapling_verify on; 
resolver 8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4 valid=300s; 
resolver_timeout 5s; 
server_name blog.linuxeye.com; 
access_log /home/wwwlogs/blog_nginx.log combined; 
index index.html index.htm index.php; 
include wordpress.conf; 
root /home/wwwroot/blog; 
set $skip_cache 0; 
if ($request_method = POST) { 
set $skip_cache 1; 
} 
if ($query_string != "") { 
set $skip_cache 1; 
} 
if ($request_uri ~* "/wp-admin/|/xmlrpc.php|wp-.*.php|/feed/|index.php|sitemap(_index)?.xml") { 
set $skip_cache 1; 
} 
if ($http_cookie ~* "comment_author|wordpress_+|wp-postpass|wordpress_no_cache|wordpress_logged_in") { 
set $skip_cache 1; 
} 
location ~ [^/]\.php(/|$) { 
#fastcgi_pass remote_php_ip:9000; 
fastcgi_pass unix:/dev/shm/php-cgi.sock; 
fastcgi_index index.php; 
include fastcgi.conf; 
fastcgi_cache_bypass $skip_cache; 
fastcgi_no_cache $skip_cache; 
fastcgi_cache WORDPRESS; 
fastcgi_cache_valid 60m; 
} 
location ~ /purge(/.*) { 
allow 127.0.0.1; 
deny all; 
fastcgi_cache_purge WORDPRESS "$scheme$request_method$host$1"; 
} 
location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|flv|ico)$ { 
expires 30d; 
access_log off; 
} 
location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$ { 
expires 7d; 
access_log off; 
} 
}</div>
 使nginx配置生效 <div style='margin: 3px auto 0px; padding: 0px 3px; outline: none; line-height: 21.6px; clear: both; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(0, 153, 204); background: rgb(246, 251, 255); overflow: hidden; font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei";'>
<div style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: none; float: right; line-height: 25.2px; font-size: 14px;">
复制代码
</div>
代码如下:</div>
<div id="phpcode7" style='margin: 0px auto 3px; padding: 0px 3px; outline: none; line-height: 25.2px; font-size: 14px; clear: both; border-right: 1px solid rgb(0, 153, 204); background: rgb(221, 237, 251); overflow: hidden; border-left: 1px solid rgb(0, 153, 204); word-break: break-all; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 153, 204); word-wrap: break-word; font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei";'>
 
service nginx reload</div>



重启系统后shm内存中nginx-cache文件夹会丢失，为了使重启生效（自动创建文件夹），修改/etc/init.d/nginx的make_dirs下一行添加： 

<div style='margin: 3px auto 0px; padding: 0px 3px; outline: none; line-height: 21.6px; clear: both; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(0, 153, 204); background: rgb(246, 251, 255); overflow: hidden; font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei";'>
<div style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: none; float: right; line-height: 25.2px; font-size: 14px;">
复制代码
</div>
代码如下:</div>
<div id="phpcode8" style='margin: 0px auto 3px; padding: 0px 3px; outline: none; line-height: 25.2px; font-size: 14px; clear: both; border-right: 1px solid rgb(0, 153, 204); background: rgb(221, 237, 251); overflow: hidden; border-left: 1px solid rgb(0, 153, 204); word-break: break-all; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 153, 204); word-wrap: break-word; font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei";'>
 
[ ! -d '/dev/shm/nginx-cache' ] && { mkdir /dev/shm/nginx-cache; chown -R ${user}.$user /dev/shm/nginx-cache; }</div>



3. WordPress安装Nginx Helper插件 
WordPress后台【插件】—【安装插件】搜索【Nginx Helper】安装即可。如下设置： <img title="WordPress速度优化-Nginx fastcgi_cache缓存加速" alt="WordPress速度优化-Nginx fastcgi_cache缓存加速" src="https://zhuji.jb51.net/uploads/img/202305/0635ba34ea99b6af65cf664c83cb08fa.jpg" style="max-width:100%!important;height:auto!important;border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); vertical-align: middle; padding: 1px; overflow: hidden; max-width: 696px; width: 677px; height: 439px;"> 
修改wordpress网站根目录wp-config.php添加如下行： 

<div style='margin: 3px auto 0px; padding: 0px 3px; outline: none; line-height: 21.6px; clear: both; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(0, 153, 204); background: rgb(246, 251, 255); overflow: hidden; font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei";'>
<div style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: none; float: right; line-height: 25.2px; font-size: 14px;">
复制代码
</div>
代码如下:</div>
<div id="phpcode9" style='margin: 0px auto 3px; padding: 0px 3px; outline: none; line-height: 25.2px; font-size: 14px; clear: both; border-right: 1px solid rgb(0, 153, 204); background: rgb(221, 237, 251); overflow: hidden; border-left: 1px solid rgb(0, 153, 204); word-break: break-all; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 153, 204); word-wrap: break-word; font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei";'>
 
define('RT_WP_NGINX_HELPER_CACHE_PATH','/dev/shm/nginx-cache'); </div>
 4. 测试 测试时候勾选Enable Logging（记录日志）、Enable Nginx Timestamp in HTML（插入缓存信息） 查看Nginx Helper是否刷新日志： <img title="WordPress速度优化-Nginx fastcgi_cache缓存加速" alt="WordPress速度优化-Nginx fastcgi_cache缓存加速" src="https://zhuji.jb51.net/uploads/img/202305/9465948e1e9a71cd605b1c9f58b232d1.jpg" style="max-width:100%!important;height:auto!important;border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); vertical-align: middle; padding: 1px; overflow: hidden; max-width: 696px; font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 14px; width: 450px; height: 300px;'>

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WordPress速度优化-Nginx fastcgi_cache缓存加速