Hadoop2.X/YARN环境搭建--CentOS7.0 JDK配置
<p>hadoop是java写的，他无法使用linux预安装的openjdk,因此安装hadoop前需要先安装jdk（1.6以上）</p>
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原材料：在oracle官网下载的32位jdk：</p>
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<img title="Hadoop2.X/YARN环境搭建--CentOS7.0 JDK配置" alt="Hadoop2.X/YARN环境搭建--CentOS7.0 JDK配置" border="0" src="https://zhuji.jb51.net/uploads/img/202305/d9b50487c794326d906908b1a09b1b8a.jpg"></p>
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<img title="Hadoop2.X/YARN环境搭建--CentOS7.0 JDK配置" alt="Hadoop2.X/YARN环境搭建--CentOS7.0 JDK配置" border="0" src="https://zhuji.jb51.net/uploads/img/202305/e5fb79e22c33708e2907f415f98ae09c.jpg"></p>
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<img title="Hadoop2.X/YARN环境搭建--CentOS7.0 JDK配置" alt="Hadoop2.X/YARN环境搭建--CentOS7.0 JDK配置" border="0" src="https://zhuji.jb51.net/uploads/img/202305/6d16551880cfa6e082bf466ab0fd72ce.jpg"></p>
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说明：</p>
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1、centos 7.0系统现在只有64位的，但是，hadoop一般支持32位的，在64位环境下有事会有warning出现，避免真的有神马问题，选择i586的jdk（即32位的），当然，64位的centos 7 肯定是兼容32位jdk的，记住：64位系统肯定兼容32位的软件，32位系统不能兼容64位软件。64位只是说明了cpu一次运算的位数为64位,比32位多，64位性能更高。</p>
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2、以前的linux版本jdk有”.bin”文件可供下载，但是，现在官网只提供rpm的安装包与tar.gz的压缩包了，rpm安装包是redhat系列系统（redhat/rhel/fedora/centos）特有的安装文件，直接运行即可，但我们不知道其中的配置方法。所以，为接近底层，我选择tar.gz的压缩包予以安装。</p>
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安装方式：</p>
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自带的openjdk与之后安装的jdk，不可兼得，故而有两种操作：1、卸载删除原有的openjdk，再安装jdk 2、二者依然共存，但是，配置何者为真正有效的jdk</p>
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method 1: 卸载删除原有的openjdk，再安装jdk</p>
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第一步：卸载删除openjdk</p>
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卸载删除openjdk，首先需要知道到底要删除哪些东西：</p>
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<img title="Hadoop2.X/YARN环境搭建--CentOS7.0 JDK配置" alt="Hadoop2.X/YARN环境搭建--CentOS7.0 JDK配置" border="0" src="https://zhuji.jb51.net/uploads/img/202305/ef18cd92c98e4ec6aab0c22b02dc68e8.jpg"></p>
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<code class="sql plain">$ rpm -qa|grep openjdk -i #查找已经安装的openjdk，-i表示忽略“openjdk”的大小写</code>
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现在将之全部删除：</p>
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<code class="sql plain">$ sudo yum remove java-1.6.0-openjdk-devel-1.6.0.0-6.1.13.4.el7_0.x86_64 java-1.7.0-openjdk-devel-1.7.0.65-2.5.1.2.el7_0.x86_64 java-1.7.0-openjdk-headless-1.7.0.65-2.5.1.2.el7_0.x86_64 java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.65-2.5.1.2.el7_0.x86_64 java-1.6.0-openjdk-1.6.0.0-6.1.13.4.el7_0.x86_64#用redhat系列系统自带的yum进行删除openjdk，yum类似ubuntu中的apt-get,均用于安装、卸载及更新系统自带的软件，注意：以上均以空格间隔</code>
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第二步：安装jdk</p>
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1、解压</p>
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首先解压下载得来的jdk：（jdk的tar.gz压缩包放在了~/dev目录下）</p>
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<code class="sql plain">$ sudo mkdir /usr/lib/jdk #如若没有/usr/lib/jdk路径，则执行此句予以创建jdk文件夹<br>$ sudo tar -zxvf jdk-8u11-linux-i586.tar.gz -c /usr/lib/jdk #注意：-c, </code><code class="sql comments">--directory=dir 改变至目录 dir<br>$ ls /usr/lib/jdk<br>jdk1.8.0_11<br>$ ls /usr/lib/jdk/jdk1.8.0_11/<br>bin javafx-src.zip man thirdpartylicensereadme-javafx.txt<br>copyright jre readme.html thirdpartylicensereadme.txt<br>db lib release<br>include license src.zip<br>$</code>
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移动jdk1.8.0_11中的文件到/usr/lib/jdk,并删除jdk1.8.0_11文件夹：</p>
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<code class="sql plain">$ sudo cp -rf /usr/lib/jdk/jdk1.8.0_11/* /usr/lib/jdk/ #移动<br>$ <br>$ ls /usr/lib/jdk<br>bin javafx-src.zip license src.zip<br>copyright jdk1.8.0_11 man thirdpartylicensereadme-javafx.txt<br>db jre readme.html thirdpartylicensereadme.txt<br>include lib release<br>$ sudo rm -rf /usr/lib/jdk/jdk1.8.0_11/ #删除<br>$ ls /usr/lib/jdk<br>bin javafx-src.zip man thirdpartylicensereadme-javafx.txt<br>copyright jre readme.html thirdpartylicensereadme.txt<br>db lib release<br>include license src.zip<br>$</code>
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2、配置环境变量</p>
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<code class="sql plain">$ sudo vim /etc/profile<br>在最后一行插入：</code>
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<code class="sql plain">#java environment<br>export java_home=/usr/lib/jdk<br>export jre_home=/usr/lib/jdk/jre<br>export path=$java_home/bin:$jre_home/bin:$path<br>export classpath=$classpath:.:$java_home/lib:$jre_home/lib</code>
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3、修改系统默认的jdk</p>
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<code class="sql plain">$ sudo </code><code class="sql keyword">update</code><code class="sql plain">-alternatives </code><code class="sql comments">--install /usr/bin/java java /usr/lib/jdk/bin/java 300 #使系统默认的java命令是/usr/lib/jdk/bin中的java命令<br>$ sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/javac javac /usr/lib/jdk/bin/javac 300 #使系统默认的javac命令是/usr/lib/jdk/bin中的javac命令<br> $ sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/jar jar /usr/lib/jdk/bin/jar 300 #使系统默认的jar命令是/usr/lib/jdk/bin中的jar命令 <br>$ sudo update-alternatives --config java #配置默认java命令<br>共有 1 个提供“java”的程序。<br> 选项 命令<br>-----------------------------------------------<br>*+ 1 /usr/lib/jdk/bin/java<br>按 enter 保留当前选项[+]，或者键入选项编号：1<br>$ sudo update-alternatives --config javac #配置默认java命令<br>共有 1 个提供“java”的程序。<br> 选项 命令<br>-----------------------------------------------<br>*+ 1 /usr/lib/jdk/bin/javac<br>按 enter 保留当前选项[+]，或者键入选项编号：1</code>
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第三步：测试jdk</p>
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<code class="sql plain">$ java -version<br>java version </code><code class="sql string">"1.8.0_11"</code><code class="sql plain"><br>java(tm) se runtime environment (build 1.8.0_11-b12)<br>java hotspot(tm) server vm (build 25.11-b03, mixed mode)<br>$ javac -version<br>javac 1.8.0_11<br></code>
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测试是遇到了一个问题：</p>
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<code class="sql plain">$ java<br>-bash: /usr/bin/java: /lib/ld-linux.so.2: bad elf interpreter: 没有那个文件或目录<br>$ ls /lib/ld-linux<br>ls: 无法访问/lib/ld-linux: 没有那个文件或目录<br>$ java -version<br>-bash: /usr/bin/java: /lib/ld-linux.so.2: bad elf interpreter: 没有那个文件或目录<br>$</code>
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解决方法是:</p>
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<code class="sql plain">$ sudo yum install glibc.i686 #在64系统里执行32位程序如果出现/lib/ld-linux.so.2: bad elf interpreter: </code><code class="sql keyword">no</code> <code class="sql plain">such file </code><code class="sql color1">or</code> <code class="sql plain">directory，安装下glic即可</code>
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method 2: 二者共存，配置何者为真正有效的jdk</p>
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与method1类似，只是不需要卸载删除openjdk</p>
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1、解压</p>
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首先解压下载得来的jdk：（jdk的tar.gz压缩包放在了~/dev目录下）</p>
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<code class="sql plain">$ sudo mkdir /usr/lib/jdk #如若没有/usr/lib/jdk路径，则执行此句予以创建jdk文件夹<br>$ sudo tar -zxvf jdk-8u11-linux-i586.tar.gz -c /usr/lib/jdk #注意：-c, </code><code class="sql comments">--directory=dir 改变至目录 dir<br>$ ls /usr/lib/jdk<br>jdk1.8.0_11<br>$ ls /usr/lib/jdk/jdk1.8.0_11/<br>bin javafx-src.zip man thirdpartylicensereadme-javafx.txt<br>copyright jre readme.html thirdpartylicensereadme.txt<br>db lib release<br>include license src.zip<br>$</code>
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移动jdk1.8.0_11中的文件到/usr/lib/jdk,并删除jdk1.8.0_11文件夹：</p>
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<code class="sql plain">$ sudo cp -rf /usr/lib/jdk/jdk1.8.0_11/* /usr/lib/jdk/ #移动<br>$ <br>$ ls /usr/lib/jdk<br>bin javafx-src.zip license src.zip<br>copyright jdk1.8.0_11 man thirdpartylicensereadme-javafx.txt<br>db jre readme.html thirdpartylicensereadme.txt<br>include lib release<br>$ sudo rm -rf /usr/lib/jdk/jdk1.8.0_11/ #删除<br>$ ls /usr/lib/jdk<br>bin javafx-src.zip man thirdpartylicensereadme-javafx.txt<br>copyright jre readme.html thirdpartylicensereadme.txt<br>db lib release<br>include license src.zip<br>$</code>
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2、配置环境变量</p>
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<code class="sql plain">$ sudo vim /etc/profile<br>在最后一行插入：</code>
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<code class="sql plain">#java environment<br>export java_home=/usr/lib/jdk<br>export jre_home=/usr/lib/jdk/jre<br>export path=$java_home/bin:$jre_home/bin:$path<br>export classpath=$classpath:.:$java_home/lib:$jre_home/lib</code>
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3、修改系统默认的jdk</p>
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<code class="sql plain">$ sudo </code><code class="sql keyword">update</code><code class="sql plain">-alternatives </code><code class="sql comments">--install /usr/bin/java java /usr/lib/jdk/bin/java 300 #使系统默认的java命令是/usr/lib/jdk/bin中的java命令<br>$ sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/javac javac /usr/lib/jdk/bin/javac 300 #使系统默认的javac命令是/usr/lib/jdk/bin中的javac命令<br> $ sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/jar jar /usr/lib/jdk/bin/jar 300 #使系统默认的jar命令是/usr/lib/jdk/bin中的jar命令 <br>$ sudo update-alternatives --config java #配置默认java命令<br> 共有 3 个提供“java”的程序。<br> 选项 命令<br>-----------------------------------------------<br>* 1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.65-2.5.1.2.el7_0.x86_64/jre/bin/java<br> /usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.6.0-openjdk.x86_64/bin/java<br> + 3 /usr/lib/jdk/bin/java<br> 按 enter 保留当前选项[+]，或者键入选项编号：3<br>$ sudo update-alternatives --config javac #配置默认java命令<br> 共有 3 个提供“javac”的程序。<br> 选项 命令<br>-----------------------------------------------<br>* 1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.65-2.5.1.2.el7_0.x86_64/jre/bin/javac<br> /usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.6.0-openjdk.x86_64/bin/javac<br> + 3 /usr/lib/jdk/bin/javac<br> 按 enter 保留当前选项[+]，或者键入选项编号：3<br> $</code>
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第三步：测试jdk</p>
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<code class="sql plain">$ java -version<br>java version </code><code class="sql string">"1.8.0_11"</code><code class="sql plain"><br>java(tm) se runtime environment (build 1.8.0_11-b12)<br>java hotspot(tm) server vm (build 25.11-b03, mixed mode)<br>$ javac -version<br>javac 1.8.0_11</code>
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测试是遇到了一个问题：</p>
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<code class="sql plain">$ java<br>-bash: /usr/bin/java: /lib/ld-linux.so.2: bad elf interpreter: 没有那个文件或目录<br>$ ls /lib/ld-linux<br>ls: 无法访问/lib/ld-linux: 没有那个文件或目录<br>$ java -version<br>-bash: /usr/bin/java: /lib/ld-linux.so.2: bad elf interpreter: 没有那个文件或目录<br>$</code>
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解决方法是:</p>
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<code class="sql plain">$ sudo yum install glibc.i686 #在64系统里执行32位程序如果出现/lib/ld-linux.so.2: bad elf interpreter: </code><code class="sql keyword">no</code> <code class="sql plain">such file </code><code class="sql color1">or</code> <code class="sql plain">directory，安装下glic即可</code>
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附:</p>
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说完了jdk的环境配置，顺便聊聊centos 7自带的数据库mariadb的设置。</p>
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现在，rhel 7/centos 7自带的数据库都不再是mysql了，主要是因为开源的能力更大，现在google也正将其数据从mysql迁移到mariadb。为体验最先进的思想，以后我的hive数据库平台将是mariadb</p>
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系统装好后，系统的mariadb服务是出于stop状态的，所以应该先启动服务：</p>
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<code class="sql plain">$ sudo systemctl start mariadb #之前centos版本执行sudo service mariadb start，而centos7执行service 命令也可生效，但提示：redirecting </code><code class="sql keyword">to</code> <code class="sql plain">/bin/systemctl start mariadb.service<br>$ sudo systemctl stop mariadb #停止mariadb服务<br>$ sudo systemctl status mariadb #查看mariadb状态<br>$</code>
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设置mariadb的root密码为“root”：</p>
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命令格式：</p>
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sudo mysqladmin -u 用户名 password "新密码"</p>
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如果root已经设置过密码，采用如下方法：</p>
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sudo mysqladmin -u 用户名 password 旧密码 "新密码"</p>
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由于安装系统后没有密码，所以设定root用户密码为“root”:</p>
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<code class="sql plain">$ sudo mysqladmin -u root </code><code class="sql keyword">password</code> <code class="sql string">"root"</code>
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测试：</p>
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<code class="sql plain">$ mysql -u root -proot</code>
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显示：</p>
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<code class="sql plain">welcome </code><code class="sql keyword">to</code> <code class="sql plain">the mariadb monitor. commands </code><code class="sql keyword">end</code> <code class="sql keyword">with</code> <code class="sql plain">; </code><code class="sql color1">or</code> <code class="sql plain">\g.<br>your mariadb </code><code class="sql keyword">connection</code> <code class="sql plain">id </code><code class="sql keyword">is</code> <code class="sql plain">3<br>server version: 5.5.37-mariadb-log mariadb server<br>copyright (c) 2000, 2014, oracle, monty program ab </code><code class="sql color1">and</code> <code class="sql plain">others.<br>type </code><code class="sql string">'help;'</code> <code class="sql color1">or</code> <code class="sql string">'\h'</code> <code class="sql keyword">for</code> <code class="sql plain">help. type </code><code class="sql string">'\c'</code> <code class="sql keyword">to</code> <code class="sql plain">clear the </code><code class="sql keyword">current</code> <code class="sql plain">input statement.<br>mariadb [(none)]></code>
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