网站故障排查常用命令
<p><span>整理总结了一些常用分析网站的命令方便大家快速定位故障所在排除故障，最小化的减少故障给业务带来的影响。</span></p><p>1.查看TCP连接状态</p><pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">netstat -nat |awk '{print $6}'|sort|uniq -c|sort -rn
netstat -n | awk '/^tcp/ {++S[$NF]};END {for(a in S) print a, S}'
netstat -n | awk '/^tcp/ {++state[$NF]}; END {for(key in state) print key,"\t",state}'
netstat -n | awk '/^tcp/ {++arr[$NF]};END {for(k in arr) print k,"\t",arr}'
netstat -n |awk '/^tcp/ {print $NF}'|sort|uniq -c|sort -rn
netstat -ant | awk '{print $NF}' | grep -v '' | sort | uniq -c</pre><p>2.查找请求数请20个IP（常用于查找攻来源）：</p><pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">netstat -anlp|grep 80|grep tcp|awk '{print $5}'|awk -F: '{print $1}'|sort|uniq -c|sort -nr|head -n20
netstat -ant |awk '/:80/{split($5,ip,":");++A]}END{for(i in A) print A,i}' |sort -rn|head -n20</pre><p>3.用tcpdump嗅探80端口的访问看看谁最高</p><pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">tcpdump -i eth0 -tnn dst port 80 -c 1000 | awk -F"." '{print $1"."$2"."$3"."$4}' | sort | uniq -c | sort -nr |head -n 20</pre><p>4.查找较多time_wait连接</p><pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">netstat -n|grep TIME_WAIT|awk '{print $5}'|sort|uniq -c|sort -rn|head -n20</pre><p>5.找查较多的SYN连接</p><pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">netstat -an | grep SYN | awk '{print $5}' | awk -F: '{print $1}' | sort | uniq -c | sort -nr | more</pre><p>6.根据端口列进程</p><pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">netstat -ntlp | grep 80 | awk '{print $7}' | cut -d/ -f1</pre><p>7.获得访问前10位的ip地址</p><pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">cat access.log|awk '{print $1}'|sort|uniq -c|sort -nr|head -n 10
cat access.log|awk '{counts[$(11)]+=1}; END {for(url in counts) print counts, url}'</pre><p>8.访问次数最多的文件或页面,取前20</p><pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">cat access.log|awk '{print $11}'|sort|uniq -c|sort -nr|head -n 20</pre><p>9.列出传输最大的几个rar文件</p><pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">cat access.log |awk '($7~/\.rar/){print $10 " " $1 " " $4 " " $7}'|sort -nr|head -n 20</pre><p>10.列出输出大于200000byte(约200kb)的rar文件以及对应文件发生次数</p><pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">cat access.log |awk '($10 > 200000 && $7~/\.rar/){print $7}'|sort -n|uniq -c|sort -nr|head -n 100</pre><p>11.如果日志最后一列记录的是页面文件传输时间，则有列出到客户端最耗时的页面</p><pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">cat access.log |awk '($7~/\.php/){print $NF " " $1 " " $4 " " $7}'|sort -nr|head -n 100</pre><p>12.列出最最耗时的页面(超过60秒的)的以及对应页面发生次数</p><pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">cat access.log |awk '($NF > 60 && $7~/\.php/){print $7}'|sort -n|uniq -c|sort -nr|head -n 100</pre><p>13.列出传输时间超过 30 秒的文件</p><pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">cat access.log |awk '($NF > 30){print $7}'|sort -n|uniq -c|sort -nr|head -n 20</pre><p>14.统计网站流量（G)</p><pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">cat access.log |awk '{sum+=$10} END {print sum/1024/1024/1024}'</pre><p>15.统计404的连接</p><pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">awk '($9 ~/404/)' access.log | awk '{print $9,$7}' | sort</pre><p>16. 统计http status.</p><pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">cat access.log |awk '{counts[$(9)]+=1}; END {for(code in counts) print code, counts}'
cat access.log |awk '{print $9}'|sort|uniq -c|sort -rn</pre><p>17.查看是哪些爬虫在抓取内容。</p><pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">tcpdump -i eth0 -l -s 0 -w - dst port 80 | strings | grep -i user-agent | grep -i -E 'bot|crawler|slurp|spider'</pre><p>18.按域统计流量</p><pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">zcat squid_access.log.tar.gz| awk '{print $10,$7}' |awk 'BEGIN{FS="[ /]"}{trfc[$4]+=$1}END{for(domain in trfc){printf "%s\t%d\n",domain,trfc}}'</pre><p>19.查看数据库执行的sql语句</p><pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">tcpdump -i eth0 -s 0 -l -w - dst port 3306 | strings | egrep -i 'SELECT|UPDATE|DELETE|INSERT|SET|COMMIT|ROLLBACK|CREATE|DROP|ALTER|CALL'</pre><p>20.调试命令</p><pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">strace -p pid</pre><p>21.跟踪指定进程的PID</p><pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">gdb -p pid</pre><p>22. 简单web</p><pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">python -m SimpleHTTPServer //默认8000端口</pre>
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