Linux服务器下安装配置Nginx的教程
<p>nginx("engine x")是一款是由俄罗斯的程序设计师igor sysoev所开发高性能的 web和 反向代理 服务器，也是一个 imap/pop3/smtp 代理服务器。</p>
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在高连接并发的情况下，nginx是apache服务器不错的替代品。</p>
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<span><strong>nginx 安装</strong></span></p>
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<strong>一、安装编译工具及库文件</strong></p>
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<code class="bash plain">yum -y </code><code class="bash functions">install</code> <code class="bash functions">make</code> <code class="bash plain">zlib zlib-devel gcc-c++ libtool openssl openssl-devel</code>
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<strong>二、首先要安装 pcre</strong></p>
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pcre 作用是让 nginx 支持 rewrite 功能。</p>
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1、下载 pcre 安装包，下载地址：http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.35/pcre-8.35.tar.gz</p>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.35/pcre-8.35.tar.gz</code>
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<img title="Linux服务器下安装配置Nginx的教程" alt="Linux服务器下安装配置Nginx的教程" src="https://zhuji.jb51.net/uploads/img/202305/f913d3e117cbac83cd891fd38d90470b.jpg"></p>
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2、解压安装包:</p>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># tar zxvf pcre-8.35.tar.gz</code>
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3、进入安装包目录</p>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># cd pcre-8.35</code>
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4、编译安装</p>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># ./configure</code>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># make && make install</code>
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5、查看pcre版本</p>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># pcre-config --version</code>
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<img title="Linux服务器下安装配置Nginx的教程" alt="Linux服务器下安装配置Nginx的教程" src="https://zhuji.jb51.net/uploads/img/202305/d8b6a746a17bd2dfac96977e595e7090.jpg"></p>
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<span><strong>三、安装 nginx</strong></span></p>
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1、下载 nginx，下载地址：http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz</p>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz</code>
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<img title="Linux服务器下安装配置Nginx的教程" alt="Linux服务器下安装配置Nginx的教程" src="https://zhuji.jb51.net/uploads/img/202305/57c9dae1e439808364bea4c2408d4bda.jpg"></p>
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2、解压安装包</p>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># tar zxvf nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz</code>
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3、进入安装包目录</p>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># cd nginx-1.6.2</code>
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4、编译安装</p>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-8.35</code>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># make</code>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># make install</code>
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5、查看nginx版本</p>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -v</code>
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<img title="Linux服务器下安装配置Nginx的教程" alt="Linux服务器下安装配置Nginx的教程" src="https://zhuji.jb51.net/uploads/img/202305/4b2170b4eeabebcb7d8676287ea19257.jpg"></p>
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到此，nginx安装完成。</p>
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<span><strong>四、nginx 配置</strong></span></p>
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创建 nginx 运行使用的用户 www：</p>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># /usr/sbin/groupadd www </code>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># /usr/sbin/useradd -g www www</code>
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配置nginx.conf ，将/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf替换为以下内容</p>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># cat /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf</code>
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<code class="bash plain">user www www;</code>
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<code class="bash plain">worker_processes 2; </code><code class="bash comments">#设置值和cpu核心数一致</code>
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<code class="bash plain">error_log </code><code class="bash plain">/usr/local/webserver/nginx/logs/nginx_error</code><code class="bash plain">.log crit; </code><code class="bash comments">#日志位置和日志级别</code>
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<code class="bash plain">pid </code><code class="bash plain">/usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx</code><code class="bash plain">.pid;</code>
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<code class="bash comments">#specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.</code>
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<code class="bash plain">worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;</code>
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<code class="bash plain">events</code>
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<code class="bash plain">{</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">use epoll;</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">worker_connections 65535;</code>
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<code class="bash plain">}</code>
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<code class="bash plain">http</code>
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<code class="bash plain">{</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">include mime.types;</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">default_type application</code><code class="bash plain">/octet-stream</code><code class="bash plain">;</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">log_format main </code><code class="bash string">'$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash string">'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash string">'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for'</code><code class="bash plain">;</code>
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<code class="bash comments">#charset gb2312;</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">client_header_buffer_size 32k;</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">client_max_body_size 8m;</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">sendfile on;</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">tcp_nopush on;</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">keepalive_timeout 60;</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">tcp_nodelay on;</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">fastcgi_send_timeout 300;</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">fastcgi_read_timeout 300;</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">gzip</code> <code class="bash plain">on; </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">gzip_min_length 1k;</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">gzip_buffers 4 16k;</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">gzip_http_version 1.0;</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">gzip_comp_level 2;</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">gzip_types text</code><code class="bash plain">/plain</code> <code class="bash plain">application</code><code class="bash plain">/x-javascript</code> <code class="bash plain">text</code><code class="bash plain">/css</code> <code class="bash plain">application</code><code class="bash plain">/xml</code><code class="bash plain">;</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">gzip_vary on;</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash comments">#limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash comments">#下面是server虚拟主机的配置</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">server</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">{</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">listen 80;</code><code class="bash comments">#监听端口</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">server_name localhost;</code><code class="bash comments">#域名</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">index index.html index.htm index.php;</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">root </code><code class="bash plain">/usr/local/webserver/nginx/html</code><code class="bash plain">;</code><code class="bash comments">#站点目录</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">{</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash comments">#fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;</code>
</div>
<div class="line number54 index53 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;</code>
</div>
<div class="line number55 index54 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">fastcgi_index index.php;</code>
</div>
<div class="line number56 index55 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">include fastcgi.conf;</code>
</div>
<div class="line number57 index56 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">}</code>
</div>
<div class="line number58 index57 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|ico)$</code>
</div>
<div class="line number59 index58 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">{</code>
</div>
<div class="line number60 index59 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">expires 30d;</code>
</div>
<div class="line number61 index60 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash comments"># access_log off;</code>
</div>
<div class="line number62 index61 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">}</code>
</div>
<div class="line number63 index62 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$</code>
</div>
<div class="line number64 index63 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">{</code>
</div>
<div class="line number65 index64 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">expires 15d;</code>
</div>
<div class="line number66 index65 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash comments"># access_log off;</code>
</div>
<div class="line number67 index66 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">}</code>
</div>
<div class="line number68 index67 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">access_log off;</code>
</div>
<div class="line number69 index68 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">}</code>
</div>
<div class="line number70 index69 alt1">
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr></tbody></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
检查配置文件ngnix.conf的正确性命令：</p>
<div class="jb51code">
<div>
<div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_67863">
<div class="toolbar">
<span>?</span>
</div>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr>
<td class="gutter">
<div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div>
</td>
<td class="code">
<div class="container">
<div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -t</code>
</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr></tbody></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
<span><strong>五、启动 nginx</strong></span></p>
<p>
nginx 启动命令如下：</p>
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<div>
<div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_409428">
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<span>?</span>
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<div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div>
</td>
<td class="code">
<div class="container">
<div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx</code>
</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr></tbody></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
<img title="Linux服务器下安装配置Nginx的教程" alt="Linux服务器下安装配置Nginx的教程" src="https://zhuji.jb51.net/uploads/img/202305/2803d8112d356f441690ee563c1d9893.jpg"></p>
<p>
<span><strong>六、访问站点</strong></span></p>
<p>
从浏览器访问我们配置的站点ip：</p>
<p>
<img title="Linux服务器下安装配置Nginx的教程" alt="Linux服务器下安装配置Nginx的教程" src="https://zhuji.jb51.net/uploads/img/202305/774d327dc8f8c19f65381bfad0e28210.jpg"></p>
<p>
<span><strong>七、nginx 其他命令</strong></span></p>
<p>
以下包含了 nginx 常用的几个命令：</p>
<div class="jb51code">
<div>
<div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_279522">
<div class="toolbar">
<span>?</span>
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<td class="gutter">
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<td class="code">
<div class="container">
<div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
<code class="bash plain">/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx</code> <code class="bash plain">-s reload </code><code class="bash comments"># 重新载入配置文件</code>
</div>
<div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
<code class="bash plain">/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx</code> <code class="bash plain">-s reopen </code><code class="bash comments"># 重启 nginx</code>
</div>
<div class="line number3 index2 alt2">
<code class="bash plain">/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx</code> <code class="bash plain">-s stop </code><code class="bash comments"># 停止 nginx</code>
</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr></tbody></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
<strong><span>总结</span></strong></p>
<p>
以上所述是小编给大家介绍的linux服务器下安装配置nginx服务器的教程，希望对大家有所帮助，如果大家有任何疑问请给我留言，小编会及时回复大家的。在此也非常感谢大家对网站的支持！</p>
<p>
原文链接：https://www.cnblogs.com/AlanLee/archive/2018/05/16/9044644.html</p>
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