详解linux添加硬盘分区挂载教程
<p>基本步骤：分区——格式化——挂载——写入文件</p>
<p>
1、首先用fdisk -l命令查看添加的硬盘名称，可以看到sdb为新增的硬盘</p>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># fdisk -l</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Disk </code><code class="bash plain">/dev/sdb</code><code class="bash plain">: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes</code>
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<code class="bash plain">255 heads, 63 sectors</code><code class="bash plain">/track</code><code class="bash plain">, 2610 cylinders</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Sector size (logical</code><code class="bash plain">/physical</code><code class="bash plain">): 512 bytes / 512 bytes</code>
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<code class="bash plain">I</code><code class="bash plain">/O</code> <code class="bash plain">size (minimum</code><code class="bash plain">/optimal</code><code class="bash plain">): 512 bytes / 512 bytes</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Disk identifier: 0x00000000</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Disk </code><code class="bash plain">/dev/sda</code><code class="bash plain">: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes</code>
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<code class="bash plain">255 heads, 63 sectors</code><code class="bash plain">/track</code><code class="bash plain">, 2610 cylinders</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Sector size (logical</code><code class="bash plain">/physical</code><code class="bash plain">): 512 bytes / 512 bytes</code>
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<code class="bash plain">I</code><code class="bash plain">/O</code> <code class="bash plain">size (minimum</code><code class="bash plain">/optimal</code><code class="bash plain">): 512 bytes / 512 bytes</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Disk identifier: 0x0006b59c</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System</code>
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<code class="bash plain">/dev/sda1</code> <code class="bash plain">* 1 39 307200 83 Linux</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.</code>
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<code class="bash plain">/dev/sda2</code> <code class="bash plain">39 2358 18631680 83 Linux</code>
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<code class="bash plain">/dev/sda3</code> <code class="bash plain">2358 2611 2031616 82 Linux swap / Solaris </code>
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<p>
2、进行分区，输入m查看提示</p>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># fdisk /dev/sdb </code>
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<code class="bash plain">Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x09f38795.</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Changes will remain </code><code class="bash keyword">in</code> <code class="bash plain">memory only, </code><code class="bash keyword">until</code> <code class="bash plain">you decide to write them.</code>
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<code class="bash plain">After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code>
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<code class="bash plain">Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code>
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<code class="bash plain">WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">switch off the mode (</code><code class="bash functions">command</code> <code class="bash string">'c'</code><code class="bash plain">) and change display </code><code class="bash functions">units</code> <code class="bash plain">to</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">sectors (</code><code class="bash functions">command</code> <code class="bash string">'u'</code><code class="bash plain">).</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code>
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<code class="bash plain">Command (m </code><code class="bash keyword">for</code> <code class="bash plain">help): m</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Command action</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">a toggle a bootable flag</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">b edit bsd disklabel</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">c toggle the dos compatibility flag</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">d delete a partition</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">l list known partition types</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">m print this menu</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">n add a new partition</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">o create a new empty DOS partition table</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">p print the partition table</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">q quit without saving changes</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">s create a new empty Sun disklabel</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">t change a partition's system </code><code class="bash functions">id</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">u change display</code><code class="bash plain">/entry</code> <code class="bash functions">units</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">v</code> <code class="bash plain">verify the partition table</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">w write table to disk and </code><code class="bash functions">exit</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">x extra functionality (experts only)</code>
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<p>
分析：主要参数的解析</p>
<p>
1. 输入 m 显示所有命令列示。</p>
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2. 输入 p 显示硬盘分割情形，打印分区表。</p>
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3. 输入 a 设定硬盘启动区。</p>
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4. 输入 n 创建新的硬盘分割区。</p>
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4.1. 输入 e 硬盘为[延伸]分割区(extend)。</p>
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4.2. 输入 p 硬盘为[主要]分割区(primary)。</p>
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5. 输入 t 改变硬盘分割区属性。 </p>
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t:分区系统id号</li>
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L:82:linux swap</li>
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83:linux</li>
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86：NTFS window分区</li>
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6. 输入 d 删除硬盘分割区属性。</p>
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7. 输入 q 结束不存入硬盘分割区属性。</p>
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8. 输入 w 结束并写入硬盘分割区属性</p>
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3、输入n创建新的硬盘分区——输入p创建主分区——输入1设置一个分区——回车——回车（默认全部空间）</p>
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<code class="plain plain">Command (m for help): n</code>
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<code class="plain plain">Command action</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">e extended ···扩展分区</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">p primary partition (1-4) ···主分区</code>
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<code class="plain plain">p</code>
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<code class="plain plain">Partition number (1-4): 1</code>
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<code class="plain plain">First cylinder (1-2610, default 1): </code>
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<code class="plain plain">Using default value 1</code>
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<code class="plain plain">Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-2610, default 2610): </code>
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<code class="plain plain">Using default value 2610 </code>
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4、输入p查看分区情况——输入w保存退出（一定要w保存不然无效）</p>
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<code class="plain plain">Command (m for help): p</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code>
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<code class="plain plain">Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes</code>
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<code class="plain plain">255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders</code>
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<code class="plain plain">Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes</code>
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<code class="plain plain">Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes</code>
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<code class="plain plain">I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes</code>
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<code class="plain plain">Disk identifier: 0x09f38795</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System</code>
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<code class="plain plain">/dev/sdb1 1 2610 20964793+ 83 Linux</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code>
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<code class="plain plain">Command (m for help): w</code>
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<code class="plain plain">The partition table has been altered!</code>
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<code class="plain plain">Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.</code>
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<code class="plain plain">Syncing disks.</code>
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5、mkfs命令格式化磁盘</p>
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<span>?</span>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb</code>
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<code class="bash plain">mkfs.ext4: invalid fragment size - </code><code class="bash plain">/dev/sdb</code>
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6、mount命令挂载分区</p>
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<code class="plain plain"># mount /dev/sdb /oracle/</code>
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<code class="plain plain">You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root</code>
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<code class="plain plain"># df -TH</code>
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<code class="plain plain">Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on</code>
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<code class="plain plain">/dev/sda2 ext4 19G 11G 7.3G 60% /</code>
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<code class="plain plain">tmpfs tmpfs 2.1G 74k 2.1G 1% /dev/shm</code>
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<code class="plain plain">/dev/sda1 ext4 297M 29M 253M 11% /boot</code>
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<code class="plain plain">/dev/sdb ext4 22G 47M 20G 1% /oracle </code>
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7、添加到/etc/fstab文件下保存退出否则重启后硬盘消失</p>
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<code class="plain plain">/dev/sdb /oracle ext4 defaults,noatime 0 0</code>
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以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持。</p>
<p>
原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/Dev0ps/p/8807939.html</p>
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