ubuntu 16.04LTS 开机启动自动更换壁纸的实现方法
<p><span><strong>前言</strong></span></p>
<p>
上周电脑重装，换了ubuntu 16.04，想起来之前上课老师也是ubuntu而且他还提到他桌面是他自己写的个小脚本实现的自动更换桌面壁纸的，昨天晚上心血来潮自己网上搜了点资料实现了一下 = =</p>
<p>
<span><strong>功能</strong></span></p>
<p>
功能的话，是从必应壁纸爬取最新的那张壁纸，然后本来因为我怕电脑又放了太多东西，就设置了个图片最大的数目，到达这个阈值就删除所有的图片= =|| 通过python的os模块，设置壁纸，</p>
<p>
这里可以参考：how-to-change-desktop-background-from-command-line-in-unity , 还有就是考虑到刚开机时我不一定连得上网（辛酸 T_T)，所以设置了一个爬取的间隔</p>
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<strong>代码</strong></p>
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<code class="xhtml plain"># -*- coding: utf-8 -*-</code>
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<div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
<code class="xhtml plain">#!/usr/bin/python</code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">#!/bin/bash</code>
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<code class="xhtml plain"># ---------------------------------------------------------- #</code>
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<div class="line number6 index5 alt1">
<code class="xhtml plain"># This is a script which can change background automatically #</code>
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<div class="line number7 index6 alt2">
<code class="xhtml plain"># every time the system starts. #</code>
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<div class="line number8 index7 alt1">
<code class="xhtml plain"># author: Huang Zhenyang #</code>
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<div class="line number9 index8 alt2">
<code class="xhtml plain"># email: 745125931@qq.com #</code>
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<code class="xhtml plain"># ---------------------------------------------------------- #</code>
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<code class="xhtml plain"># ----- Import ----- #</code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">import os</code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">import re</code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">import urllib</code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">import time</code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">import socket</code>
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<code class="xhtml plain"># --- End Import --- #</code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">class Spider(object):</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">"""</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">This is the spider to get the img from being</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">"""</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">def __init__( self, img_matched_pattern_para, url_para, file_name_para ):</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">"""</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">init function</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">:param img_matched_pattern_para: the pattern to match a img</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">:param url_para: url to crawler</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">:param file_name_para: file name</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">"""</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">self.img_matched_pattern = img_matched_pattern_para</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">self.url = url_para</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">self.file_name = file_name_para</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">def get_img(self):</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">"""</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">download the image</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">:return:</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">"""</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">html = self.get_html()</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">img_pos = re.search(self.img_matched_pattern, html)</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">img_page_href = self.url + img_pos.group() + "download"</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">urllib.urlretrieve(img_page_href, self.file_name)</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">def get_html(self):</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">"""</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">return the html</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">:return: page's html <</code><code class="xhtml keyword">type</code> <code class="xhtml plain">'str'></code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">"""</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">page = urllib.urlopen(self.url)</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">html = page.read()</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">return html</code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">class Controller(object):</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">"""</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">This is the controller to control the spider's parameters.</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">"""</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">def __init__(self, pattern_href_para, path_para, url_para, img_max_num_para):</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">"""</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">:param pattern_href_para: href's match pattern</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">:param path_para: path to save images</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">:param url_para: url</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">:param img_max_num_para: max number that the</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">"""</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">self.pattern_href = pattern_href_para</code>
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<div class="line number64 index63 alt1">
<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">self.path = path_para</code>
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<div class="line number65 index64 alt2">
<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">self.url = url_para</code>
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<div class="line number66 index65 alt1">
<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">self.img_max_num = img_max_num_para</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">self.file_name = ""</code>
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<div class="line number68 index67 alt1">
<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">self.init_file_name = "0.jpg"</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">self.file_extension_name = ".jpg"</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">def judge(self):</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">"""</code>
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<div class="line number72 index71 alt1">
<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">judge if the number of images is grater than img_max_num.</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">if true, delete all of them and then run spider, else directly run spider.</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">Also, we should set the file name.</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">:return:</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">"""</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">root = None</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">_dirs = None</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">files = None</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">for root, _dirs, files in os.walk(self.path, True):</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">pass</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">files_len = len(files)</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">if files_len == 10:</code>
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<div class="line number84 index83 alt1">
<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">for i in range(0, 10):</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">os.remove(root + files)</code>
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<div class="line number86 index85 alt1">
<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">self.file_name = self.path + self.init_file_name</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">else:</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">self.file_name = self.path + str(files_len) + self.file_extension_name</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">def run_spider(self):</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">"""</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">run spider.</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">TODO: This function needs to be modified in the future which makes these two class coupling too much.</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">:return:</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">"""</code>
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<div class="line number95 index94 alt2">
<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain"># In case user's computer hasn't connect the internet.</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">for i in range(0, 60):</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">try:</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">spider = Spider(self.pattern_href, self.url, self.file_name)</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">spider.get_img()</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">break</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">except IOError as e:</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">print "Connection error: %s" % e</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">time.sleep(60)</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">continue</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">except Exception as e:</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">print "Connection error: %s" % e</code>
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<div class="line number107 index106 alt2">
<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">time.sleep(60)</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">continue</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">c_path = '"file://' + self.file_name + '"' # absolute path</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain"># call system command to change the gnome background</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">os.system('gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri ' + c_path)</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">print "gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri " + c_path</code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">if __name__ == '__main__':</code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">pattern_href = r'href="/photo/.*?" rel="external nofollow" '</code>
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<div class="line number116 index115 alt1">
<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">path = '/home/hzy/图片/backgrounds/'</code>
</div>
<div class="line number117 index116 alt2">
<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">url = 'https://bing.ioliu.cn/'</code>
</div>
<div class="line number118 index117 alt1">
<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">img_max_num = 10</code>
</div>
<div class="line number119 index118 alt2">
<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">controller = Controller(pattern_href, path, url, img_max_num)</code>
</div>
<div class="line number120 index119 alt1">
<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">controller.judge()</code>
</div>
<div class="line number121 index120 alt2">
<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">controller.run_spider()</code>
</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr></tbody></table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="codetool" id="codetool">
<div class="code_n">
<textarea></textarea>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
<span><strong>开机自启动</strong></span></p>
<p>
在/home/hzy/.config/autostart中，新建一个xxx.desktop的文件，内容如下：</p>
<div class="jb51code">
<div>
<div class="syntaxhighlighterxhtml" id="highlighter_133686">
<div class="toolbar">
<span>?</span>
</div>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr>
<td class="gutter">
<div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div>
<div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
2</div>
<div class="line number3 index2 alt2">
3</div>
<div class="line number4 index3 alt1">
4</div>
<div class="line number5 index4 alt2">
5</div>
<div class="line number6 index5 alt1">
6</div>
<div class="line number7 index6 alt2">
7</div>
<div class="line number8 index7 alt1">
8</div>
<div class="line number9 index8 alt2">
9</div>
<div class="line number10 index9 alt1">
10</div>
</td>
<td class="code">
<div class="container">
<div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
<code class="xhtml plain"></code>
</div>
<div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
<code class="xhtml plain">Name=autoChangeBackgroundImg</code>
</div>
<div class="line number3 index2 alt2">
<code class="xhtml plain">Comment=Python Program</code>
</div>
<div class="line number4 index3 alt1">
<code class="xhtml plain">Exec=python /home/hzy/Script/autoChangeBackgroundImg/autoChangeBackgroundImg.py</code>
</div>
<div class="line number5 index4 alt2">
<code class="xhtml plain">Icon=/home/hzy/Script/autoChangeBackgroundImg/autoChangeBackgroundImg.png</code>
</div>
<div class="line number6 index5 alt1">
<code class="xhtml plain">Terminal=false</code>
</div>
<div class="line number7 index6 alt2">
<code class="xhtml plain">MultipleArgs=false</code>
</div>
<div class="line number8 index7 alt1">
<code class="xhtml plain">Type=Application</code>
</div>
<div class="line number9 index8 alt2">
<code class="xhtml plain">Categories=Application;Development;</code>
</div>
<div class="line number10 index9 alt1">
<code class="xhtml plain">StartupNotify=true</code>
</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr></tbody></table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="codetool" id="codetool">
<div class="code_n">
<textarea></textarea>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
<span><strong>说明：</strong></span></p>
<p>
1. Exec 后面的路径就是该脚本的路径</p>
<p>
2. Icon的话可以自己随便找个图片，设置成该路径即可</p>
<p>
以上这篇ubuntu 16.04LTS 开机启动自动更换壁纸的实现方法就是小编分享给大家的全部内容了，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持。</p>
<p>
原文链接：http://blog.csdn.net/qq_35056292/article/details/79225376</p>
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