Linux修改网卡名称、主机名的方法
<p>linux修改网卡名称、主机名</p>
<p>
<strong>环境：</strong>virtualbox 5.0.14 + rhel 6.5</p>
<p>
<strong>需求：</strong>个人实验搭建一套standby rac时，为了节约时间，直接复制之前安装rac的主机模板。</p>
<p>
但复制之后发现网卡名称不一致：</p>
<p>
我这里的环境，primary rac的public ip和private ip分别对应的网卡名称是eth2，eth3。<br>
而复制standby rac的其中一台网卡名称是eth6，eth7；另一台是eth4，eth5.为了保持一致方便后续管理维护，需要将standby rac的两台机器的网卡都统一改为eth2，eth3.<br>
同样的，复制的主机主机名是和之前一样的，所以把主机名也修改一下。</p>
<p>
以其中一台为例： 首先查看主机目前的网络情况，如下图：</p>
<p>
<img title="Linux修改网卡名称、主机名的方法" alt="Linux修改网卡名称、主机名的方法" src="https://zhuji.jb51.net/uploads/img/202305/8dea73b0a620765521098edd4c5f5181.jpg"></p>
<p>
确认eth7的mac地址是：08:00:27:62:cc:7b</p>
<p>
确认eth6的mac地址是：08:00:27:bc:1b:9f</p>
<p>
然后在virtualbox的设置中，</p>
<p>
<img title="Linux修改网卡名称、主机名的方法" alt="Linux修改网卡名称、主机名的方法" src="https://zhuji.jb51.net/uploads/img/202305/69d9b6da711396636aeb8312b9ea41ae.jpg"></p>
<p>
<img title="Linux修改网卡名称、主机名的方法" alt="Linux修改网卡名称、主机名的方法" src="https://zhuji.jb51.net/uploads/img/202305/60a641784e4dae7b2431ff0e42534e1b.jpg"></p>
<p>
根据mac地址确认eth6对应的是内部网络（private ip）；而eth7对应的是公有网络（public ip）。</p>
<p>
所以我们正确的做法应该是将eth6的名称修改为eth3，将eth7的名称修改为eth2.</p>
<p>
注意：可能有些同学直接想当然的不确认mac地址直接修改错了，这里一定要确认清楚，对于dba来说，任何做事情的细节都很重要。</p>
<p>
1.首先修改/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules文件：</p>
<p>
将无关的网卡信息都删除掉（如果怕误操作也可不删除，个人建议删除，清楚且方便管理）</p>
<p>
然后将eth6的名称修改为eth3，将eth7的名称修改为eth2。最终修改如下：</p>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># cat /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules</code>
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<code class="bash comments"># this file was automatically generated by the /lib/udev/write_net_rules</code>
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<code class="bash comments"># program, run by the persistent-net-generator.rules rules file.</code>
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<code class="bash comments">#</code>
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<code class="bash comments"># you can modify it, as long as you keep each rule on a single</code>
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<code class="bash comments"># line, and change only the value of the name= key.</code>
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<code class="bash comments"># pci device 0x8086:0x100e (e1000)</code>
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<code class="bash plain">subsystem==</code><code class="bash string">"net"</code><code class="bash plain">, action==</code><code class="bash string">"add"</code><code class="bash plain">, drivers==</code><code class="bash string">"?*"</code><code class="bash plain">, attr{address}==</code><code class="bash string">"08:00:27:bc:1b:9f"</code><code class="bash plain">, attr{</code><code class="bash functions">type</code><code class="bash plain">}==</code><code class="bash string">"1"</code><code class="bash plain">, kernel==</code><code class="bash string">"eth*"</code><code class="bash plain">, name=</code><code class="bash string">"eth3"</code>
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<code class="bash comments"># pci device 0x8086:0x100e (e1000)</code>
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<code class="bash plain">subsystem==</code><code class="bash string">"net"</code><code class="bash plain">, action==</code><code class="bash string">"add"</code><code class="bash plain">, drivers==</code><code class="bash string">"?*"</code><code class="bash plain">, attr{address}==</code><code class="bash string">"08:00:27:62:cc:7b"</code><code class="bash plain">, attr{</code><code class="bash functions">type</code><code class="bash plain">}==</code><code class="bash string">"1"</code><code class="bash plain">, kernel==</code><code class="bash string">"eth*"</code><code class="bash plain">, name=</code><code class="bash string">"eth2"</code>
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<p>
2.确认网络ifcfg-ethn配置文件，并修改信息：</p>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># cat ifcfg-eth2</code>
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<code class="bash plain">device=eth2</code>
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<code class="bash functions">type</code><code class="bash plain">=ethernet</code>
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<code class="bash plain">onboot=</code><code class="bash functions">yes</code>
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<code class="bash plain">bootproto=static</code>
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<code class="bash plain">ipaddr=192.168.1.61</code>
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<code class="bash plain">netmask=255.255.255.0</code>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># cat ifcfg-eth3</code>
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<code class="bash plain">device=eth3</code>
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<code class="bash functions">type</code><code class="bash plain">=ethernet</code>
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<code class="bash plain">onboot=</code><code class="bash functions">yes</code>
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<code class="bash plain">bootproto=static</code>
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<code class="bash plain">ipaddr=10.10.10.61</code>
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<code class="bash plain">netmask=255.255.255.0</code>
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<p>
3.reboot重启主机，网络名称成功修改并启动正常，如下：</p>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># ifconfig -a</code>
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<code class="bash plain">eth2 link encap:ethernet hwaddr 08:00:27:62:cc:7b </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">inet addr:192.168.1.61 bcast:192.168.1.255 mask:255.255.255.0</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fe62:cc7b</code><code class="bash plain">/64</code> <code class="bash plain">scope:link</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">up broadcast running multicast mtu:1500 metric:1</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">rx packets:377 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">tx packets:51 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">rx bytes:28101 (27.4 kib) tx bytes:6495 (6.3 kib)</code>
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<code class="bash plain">eth3 link encap:ethernet hwaddr 08:00:27:</code><code class="bash functions">bc</code><code class="bash plain">:1b:9f </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">inet addr:10.10.10.61 bcast:10.10.10.255 mask:255.255.255.0</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:febc:1b9f</code><code class="bash plain">/64</code> <code class="bash plain">scope:link</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">up broadcast running multicast mtu:1500 metric:1</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">rx packets:511 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0</code>
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<div class="line number16 index15 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">tx packets:12 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">rx bytes:46118 (45.0 kib) tx bytes:816 (816.0 b)</code>
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<code class="bash plain">lo link encap:</code><code class="bash functions">local</code> <code class="bash plain">loopback </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">inet addr:127.0.0.1 mask:255.0.0.0</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">inet6 addr: ::1</code><code class="bash plain">/128</code> <code class="bash plain">scope:host</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">up loopback running mtu:16436 metric:1</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">rx packets:4 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">tx packets:4 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">rx bytes:340 (340.0 b) tx bytes:340 (340.0 b)</code>
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<p>
这样，就可以通过securecrt连接到主机方便操作了。</p>
<p>
下一步把主机名和/etc/hosts改一下：</p>
<p>
主机名修改：<br>
hostname jystdrac1 (临时生效)</p>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># hostname jystdrac1</code>
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<p>
vi /etc/sysconfig/network （重启生效）</p>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># vi /etc/sysconfig/network</code>
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<code class="bash plain">networking=</code><code class="bash functions">yes</code>
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<code class="bash functions">hostname</code><code class="bash plain">=jystdrac1</code>
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<p>
vi /etc/hosts （按照standby rac的规划）</p>
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<code class="bash comments">#public ip</code>
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<code class="bash plain">192.168.1.61 jystdrac1</code>
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<code class="bash plain">192.168.1.63 jystdrac2</code>
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<code class="bash comments">#virtual ip</code>
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<code class="bash plain">192.168.1.62 jystdrac1-vip</code>
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<code class="bash plain">192.168.1.64 jystdrac2-vip</code>
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<code class="bash comments">#scan ip</code>
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<code class="bash plain">192.168.1.65 jystdrac-scan</code>
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<code class="bash comments">#private ip</code>
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<code class="bash plain">10.10.10.61 jystdrac1-priv</code>
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<code class="bash plain">10.10.10.63 jystdrac2-priv</code>
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<p>
重新登录shell即可看到正确的主机名配置：</p>
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<code class="bash plain">last login: wed aug 2 20:37:13 2017 from 192.168.1.88</code>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># </code>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># hostname -i</code>
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<code class="bash plain">192.168.1.61</code>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments">#</code>
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<p>
至此，这个节点修改网卡名称和主机名的工作就已经全部完成，另一个节点同样方法修改即可。</p>
<p>
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持。</p>
<p>
原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/jyzhao/p/7277834.html?utm_source=tuicool&utm_medium=referral</p>
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