详解Linux系统中网卡MAC地址克隆方法
<p><strong>怎么临时性地改变 MAC 地址？</strong></p>
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你可以在 Linux 运行的时候改变 MAC 地址。需要注意的是当 MAC 地址转换的那一会时间，你的网络会掉线。当电脑重启时 MAC 地址又会变回原来的。下面介绍几种方法来改变你的 MAC 地址。</p>
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<strong>方法一：iproute2</strong></p>
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<code class="bash plain">$</code><code class="bash functions">sudo</code> <code class="bash plain">ip link </code><code class="bash functions">set</code> <code class="bash plain">dev eth0 down</code>
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<code class="bash plain">$</code><code class="bash functions">sudo</code> <code class="bash plain">ip link </code><code class="bash functions">set</code> <code class="bash plain">dev eth0 address 00:00:00:00:00:01</code>
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<code class="bash plain">$</code><code class="bash functions">sudo</code> <code class="bash plain">ip link </code><code class="bash functions">set</code> <code class="bash plain">dev eth0 up</code>
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<strong>方法二：macchanger</strong></p>
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macchanger 这个命令可以让你把 MAC 地址改成不同生产厂商的序列号。</p>
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在 Debian，Ubuntu 或 Linux Mint 下安装 macchanger：</p>
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<code class="bash plain">$</code><code class="bash functions">sudo</code> <code class="bash plain">apt-get </code><code class="bash functions">install</code> <code class="bash plain">macchanger</code>
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在 Fedora 下安装 macchanger：</p>
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<code class="bash plain">$ </code><code class="bash functions">sudo</code> <code class="bash plain">yum </code><code class="bash functions">install</code> <code class="bash plain">macchanger</code>
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在 CentOS 或 RHEL 下安装 macchanger：</p>
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<code class="bash plain">$ wget http:</code><code class="bash plain">//ftp</code><code class="bash plain">.club.cc.cmu.edu</code><code class="bash plain">/pub/gnu/macchanger/macchanger-1</code><code class="bash plain">.6.0.</code><code class="bash functions">tar</code><code class="bash plain">.gz </code>
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<code class="bash plain">$ </code><code class="bash functions">tar</code> <code class="bash plain">xvfvz macchanger-1.6.0.</code><code class="bash functions">tar</code><code class="bash plain">.gz</code>
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<code class="bash plain">$ </code><code class="bash functions">cd</code> <code class="bash plain">macchanger-1.6.0</code>
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<code class="bash plain">$ .</code><code class="bash plain">/configure</code>
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<code class="bash plain">$ </code><code class="bash functions">make</code>
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<code class="bash plain">$ </code><code class="bash functions">sudo</code> <code class="bash functions">make</code> <code class="bash functions">install</code>
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下面给出一些 macchanger 的高级使用例子。使用 macchanger 你不必再手动禁用、启用你的网卡。</p>
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仅仅改变 MAC 地址：</p>
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<code class="bash plain">$ </code><code class="bash functions">sudo</code> <code class="bash plain">macchanger --mac=00:00:00:00:00:01 eth0</code>
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在保证 OUI 一致的情况下为 MAC 设置一个随机地址：</p>
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<code class="bash plain">$ </code><code class="bash functions">sudo</code> <code class="bash plain">macchanger -e eth0</code>
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为 MAC 设置一个完全随机的地址：</p>
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<code class="bash plain">$ </code><code class="bash functions">sudo</code> <code class="bash plain">macchanger -r eth0</code>
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获取所有网卡的 MAC 地址，然后只列出指定的厂商（比如 Juniper）：</p>
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<code class="bash plain">$ macchanger -l | </code><code class="bash functions">grep</code> <code class="bash plain">-i juniper</code>
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Linux ：MAC 地址克隆方法 显示一块网卡原来的 MAC 地址和伪装的 MAC 地址：</p>
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<code class="bash plain">$ macchanger -s eth0</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Current MAC: 56:95:ac:ee:6e:77 (unknown)</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Permanent MAC: 00:0c:29:97:68:02 (Vmware, Inc.)</code>
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<p>
<strong>如何永久性地改变 MAC 地址？</strong></p>
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如果你想在系统重启后还保持伪装 MAC 地址，你需要编辑配置文件。比如你想改变 eth0 的 MAC 地址，按以下方法搞起：</p>
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在 Fedora，CentOS 或 RHEL 下：</p>
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<code class="bash plain">$ </code><code class="bash functions">sudo</code> <code class="bash functions">vi</code> <code class="bash plain">/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0</code>
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<code class="bash plain">DEVICE=eth0</code>
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<code class="bash plain">MACADDR=00:00:00:00:00:0</code>
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或者你可以建一个开机启动的脚本放在 /etc/NetworkManager/dispatcher.d 目录下，前提是你使用 Network Manager 管理你的网络。这里假设你已经装了 macchanger，脚本内容如下：</p>
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<code class="bash plain">$ </code><code class="bash functions">sudo</code> <code class="bash functions">vi</code> <code class="bash plain">/etc/NetworkManager/dispatcher</code><code class="bash plain">.d</code><code class="bash plain">/000-changemac</code>
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<code class="bash preprocessor bold">#!/bin/bash</code>
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<code class="bash keyword">case</code> <code class="bash string">"$2"</code> <code class="bash keyword">in</code>
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<code class="bash plain">up)</code>
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<code class="bash plain">macchanger --mac=00:00:00:00:00:01 </code><code class="bash string">"$1"</code>
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<code class="bash plain">;;</code>
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<code class="bash plain">esac</code>
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<code class="bash plain">$ </code><code class="bash functions">sudo</code> <code class="bash functions">chmod</code> <code class="bash plain">755 </code><code class="bash plain">/etc/NetworkManager/dispatcher</code><code class="bash plain">.d</code><code class="bash plain">/000-changemac</code>
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在 Debian，Ubuntu 或 Linux Mint 下：</p>
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新建一个开机启动脚本，放在 /etc/network/if-up.d/ 目录下：</p>
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<code class="bash plain">$ </code><code class="bash functions">sudo</code> <code class="bash functions">vi</code> <code class="bash plain">/etc/network/if-up</code><code class="bash plain">.d</code><code class="bash plain">/changemac</code>
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<code class="bash preprocessor bold">#!/bin/sh</code>
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<code class="bash keyword">if</code> <code class="bash plain">[ </code><code class="bash string">"$IFACE"</code> <code class="bash plain">= eth0 ]; </code><code class="bash keyword">then</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">ip link </code><code class="bash functions">set</code> <code class="bash plain">dev </code><code class="bash string">"$IFACE"</code> <code class="bash plain">address 00:00:00:00:00:01</code>
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<code class="bash keyword">fi</code>
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<code class="bash plain">$ </code><code class="bash functions">sudo</code> <code class="bash functions">chmod</code> <code class="bash plain">755 </code><code class="bash plain">/etc/network/if-up</code><code class="bash plain">.d</code><code class="bash plain">/changemac</code>
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以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持。</p>
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原文链接：https://www.lvtao.net/linux/linux-mac-address.html</p>
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