linux尝试登录失败后锁定用户账户的两种方法
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<span><strong>pam_tally2模块(方法一)</strong></span></p>
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用于对系统进行失败的ssh登录尝试后锁定用户帐户。此模块保留已尝试访问的计数和过多的失败尝试。</p>
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配置</p>
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使用<code>/etc/pam.d/system-auth</code>或<code>etc/pam.d/password-auth</code>配置文件来配置的登录尝试的访问</p>
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<code class="bash plain">auth required pam_tally2.so deny=3 unlock_time=600</code>
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<code class="bash plain">account required pam_tally2.so</code>
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<span><strong>注意：</strong></span></p>
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auth要放到第二行，不然会导致用户超过3次后也可登录。</p>
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如果对root也适用在auth后添加<code>even_deny_root</code>.</p>
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<code class="bash plain">auth required pam_tally2.so deny=3 even_deny_root unlock_time=600</code>
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<strong>pam_tally2命令</strong></p>
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查看用户登录失败的信息</p>
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<code class="bash plain">pam_tally2 -u </code><code class="bash functions">test</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Login Failures Latest failure From</code>
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<code class="bash functions">test</code> <code class="bash plain">1 06</code><code class="bash plain">/20/17</code> <code class="bash plain">14:18:19 192.168.56.1</code>
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解锁用户</p>
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<code class="bash plain">pam_tally2 -u </code><code class="bash functions">test</code> <code class="bash plain">-r</code>
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<span><strong>pam_faillock 模块(方法二)</strong></span></p>
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在红帽企业版 Linux 6 中，<code> pam_faillock PAM </code>模块允许系统管理员锁定在指定次数内登录尝试失败的用户账户。限制用户登录尝试的次数主要是作为一个安全措施，旨在防止可能针对获取用户的账户密码的暴力破解</p>
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通过 <code>pam_faillock </code>模块，将登录尝试失败的数据储存在 /var/run/faillock 目录下每位用户的独立文件中</p>
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<strong>配置</strong></p>
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添加以下命令行到 <code>/etc/pam.d/system-auth </code>文件和<code>/etc/pam.d/password-auth </code>文件中的对应区段：</p>
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<code class="bash plain">auth required pam_faillock.so preauth silent audit deny=3 unlock_time=600</code>
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<code class="bash plain">auth sufficient pam_unix.so nullok try_first_pass</code>
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<code class="bash plain">auth pam_faillock.so authfail audit deny=3</code>
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<code class="bash plain">account required pam_faillock.so</code>
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<span><strong>注意：</strong></span></p>
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<code>auth required pam_faillock.so preauth silent audit deny=3</code> 必须在最前面。</p>
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适用于root在<code>pam_faillock</code> 条目里添加 <code>even_deny_root</code> 选项</p>
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<strong>faillock命令</strong></p>
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查看每个用户的尝试失败次数</p>
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<code class="bash plain">$ faillock</code>
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<code class="bash functions">test</code><code class="bash plain">:</code>
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<code class="bash plain">When Type Source Valid</code>
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<code class="bash plain">2017-06-20 14:29:05 RHOST 192.168.56.1 V</code>
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<code class="bash plain">2017-06-20 14:29:14 RHOST 192.168.56.1 V</code>
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<code class="bash plain">2017-06-20 14:29:17 RHOST 192.168.56.1 V</code>
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解锁一个用户的账户</p>
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<code class="bash plain">faillock --user <username> --reset</code>
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<span><strong>总结</strong></span></p>
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以上就是这篇文章的全部内容了，希望本文的内容对大家的学习或者工作能带来一定的帮助，如果有疑问大家可以留言交流，谢谢大家对的支持。</p>
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原文链接：https://carey.akhack.com/2017/06/20/linux登录尝试失败后锁定用户账户/</p>
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