Linux 6 下编译安装 PHP 5.6实例详解
<p>Linux 6 下编译安装 PHP 5.6实例详解</p>
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PHP（外文名:PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor，中文名：“超文本预处理器”）是一种通用开源脚本语言。语法吸收了C语言、Java和Perl的特点，利于学习，使用广泛，主要适用于Web开发领域。PHP以其开发源代码，免费，快捷，跨平台，高效，面向对象，强大的动态图像创建等功能深受广大开发者的喜爱。本文描述基于CentOS 6.7下编译安装PHP 5.6.9，同样也适用于CentOS 7下安装。</p>
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<strong>一、相关依赖包安装</strong></p>
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<code class="php plain">1、演示环境</code>
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<code class="php plain"># more /etc/redhat-release </code>
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<code class="php plain">CentOS release 6.7 (Final)</code>
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<code class="php plain">2、扩展支持(mcrypt、mhash扩展和libevent)</code>
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<code class="php plain">如果想让编译的php支持mcrypt、mhash扩展和libevent，需要安装以下包</code>
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<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">libmcrypt</code>
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<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">libmcrypt-devel</code>
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<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">mhash</code>
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<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">mhash-devel</code>
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<code class="php plain">说明：</code>
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<code class="php plain">mcrypt扩展库可以实现加密解密功能，就是既能将明文加密，也可以密文还原。</code>
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<code class="php plain">mhash是基于离散数学原理的不可逆向的php加密方式扩展库，其在默认情况下不开启。</code>
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<code class="php plain">mhash的可以用于创建校验数值，消息摘要，消息认证码，以及无需原文的关键信息保存（如密码）等。</code>
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<code class="php plain">centos源不能安装libmcrypt-devel，由于版权的原因没有自带mcrypt的包</code>
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<code class="php plain">可以使用第三方源，这样还可以使用yum来安装</code>
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<code class="php plain">安装第三方yum源</code>
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<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain"># wget http:</code><code class="php comments">//www.atomicorp.com/installers/atomic</code>
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<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain"># sh ./atomic</code>
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<code class="php plain">使用yum命令安装</code>
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<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain"># yum install php-mcrypt libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel mhash mhash-devel</code>
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<code class="php plain">3、libevent相关包</code>
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<code class="php plain">可以根据需要安装libevent，系统一般会自带libevent，但版本有些低。因此可以升级安装如下两个rpm包。</code>
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<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain"># yum install libevent libevent-devel</code>
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<code class="php plain">说明：</code>
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<code class="php plain">libevent是一个异步事件通知库文件，其API提供了在某文件描述上发生某事件时或其超时时执行回调函数的机制</code>
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<code class="php plain">它主要用来替换事件驱动的网络服务器上的event loop机制。</code>
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<code class="php plain">目前来说， libevent支持/dev/poll、kqueue、select、poll、epoll及Solaris的event ports。</code>
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<code class="php plain">4、支持xml的相关包</code>
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<code class="php plain">支持xml的rpm包</code>
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<code class="php plain">bzip2 是一个基于Burrows-Wheeler 变换的无损压缩软件能够高效的完成文件数据的压缩</code>
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<code class="php plain">libcurl主要功能就是用不同的协议连接和沟通不同的服务器，也就是相当封装了的sockPHP </code>
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<code class="php plain">libcurl允许你用不同的协议连接和沟通不同的服务器</code>
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<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain"># yum install libxml2 libxml2-devel bzip2-devel libcurl-devel</code>
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<code class="php plain">5、图形相关的rpm包</code>
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<code class="php plain">通常对应的错误提示：JIS-mapped Japanese font support in GD</code>
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<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain"># yum install libjpeg-devel libpng-devel freetype-devel</code>
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<p>
<strong>二、编译安装php-5.6.9</strong></p>
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<code class="php plain">首先下载源码包至本地目录，下载位置http:</code><code class="php comments">//mirrors.sohu.com/php/</code>
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<code class="php plain"># pwd</code>
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<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">/usr/local/src</code>
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<code class="php plain"># tar -xf php-5.6.9.tar.gz</code>
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<code class="php plain"># cd ..</code>
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<code class="php plain"># ~ln -sv ./src/php-5.6.9 php~ ###说明：考虑编译后的简洁，此命令移除@20160729 </code>
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<code class="php plain"># cd php/</code>
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<code class="php plain"># ./configure \ ###说明：编译的内容被调整@20160729</code>
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<code class="php plain">--prefix=/usr/local/php \</code>
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<code class="php plain">--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc \</code>
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<code class="php plain">--enable-inline-optimization \</code>
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<code class="php plain">--disable-debug \</code>
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<code class="php plain">--disable-rpath \</code>
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<code class="php plain">--enable-shared \</code>
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<code class="php plain">--enable-opcache \</code>
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<code class="php plain">--enable-fpm \</code>
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<code class="php plain">--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql \</code>
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<code class="php plain">--with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config \</code>
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<code class="php plain">--with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql \</code>
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<code class="php plain">--with-</code><code class="php functions">gettext</code> <code class="php plain">\</code>
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<code class="php plain">--enable-mbstring \</code>
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<code class="php plain">--with-iconv \</code>
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<code class="php plain">--with-mcrypt \</code>
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<code class="php plain">--with-mhash \</code>
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<code class="php plain">--with-openssl \</code>
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<code class="php plain">--enable-bcmath \</code>
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<code class="php plain">--enable-soap \</code>
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<code class="php plain">--with-libxml-dir \</code>
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<code class="php plain">--enable-pcntl \</code>
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<code class="php plain">--enable-shmop \</code>
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<code class="php plain">--enable-sysvmsg \</code>
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<code class="php plain">--enable-sysvsem \</code>
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<code class="php plain">--enable-sysvshm \</code>
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<code class="php plain">--enable-sockets \</code>
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<code class="php plain">--with-curl \</code>
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<code class="php plain">--with-zlib \</code>
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<code class="php plain">--enable-zip \</code>
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<code class="php plain">--with-bz2 \</code>
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<code class="php plain">--with-gd \</code>
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<code class="php plain">--with-freetype-dir \</code>
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<code class="php plain">--with-jpeg-dir \</code>
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<code class="php plain">--with-png-dir</code>
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<code class="php plain">###有关编译配置项的详细描述：https:</code><code class="php comments">//segmentfault.com/a/1190000002717262</code>
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<code class="php plain"># make && make install</code>
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<code class="php plain">###以下为安装完毕之后的提示信息</code>
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<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">Installing shared extensions: </code>
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<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20131226/</code>
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<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">Installing PHP CLI binary: /usr/local/php/bin/</code>
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<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">Installing PHP CLI man page: /usr/local/php/php/man/man1/</code>
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<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">Installing PHP FPM binary: /usr/local/php/sbin/</code>
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<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">Installing PHP FPM config: /usr/local/php/etc/</code>
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<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">Installing PHP FPM man page: /usr/local/php/php/man/man8/</code>
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<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">Installing PHP FPM status page: /usr/local/php/php/php/fpm/</code>
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<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">Installing PHP CGI binary: /usr/local/php/bin/</code>
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<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">Installing PHP CGI man page: /usr/local/php/php/man/man1/</code>
</div>
<div class="line number57 index56 alt2">
<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">Installing build environment: /usr/local/php/lib/php/build/</code>
</div>
<div class="line number58 index57 alt1">
<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">Installing header files: /usr/local/php/</code><code class="php keyword">include</code><code class="php plain">/php/</code>
</div>
<div class="line number59 index58 alt2">
<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">Installing helper programs: /usr/local/php/bin/</code>
</div>
<div class="line number60 index59 alt1">
<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">program: phpize</code>
</div>
<div class="line number61 index60 alt2">
<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">program: php-config</code>
</div>
<div class="line number62 index61 alt1">
<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">Installing man pages: /usr/local/php/php/man/man1/</code>
</div>
<div class="line number63 index62 alt2">
<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">page: phpize.1 ### Author : Leshami</code>
</div>
<div class="line number64 index63 alt1">
<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">page: php-config.1 ### Blog : http:</code><code class="php comments">//blog.csdn.net/leshami</code>
</div>
<div class="line number65 index64 alt2">
<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">Installing PEAR environment: /usr/local/php/lib/php/</code>
</div>
<div class="line number66 index65 alt1">
<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain"> Archive_Tar - installed: 1.3.12</code>
</div>
<div class="line number67 index66 alt2">
<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain"> Console_Getopt - installed: 1.3.1 </code>
</div>
<div class="line number68 index67 alt1">
<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain"> Structures_Graph- installed: 1.0.4 </code>
</div>
<div class="line number69 index68 alt2">
<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain"> XML_Util - installed: 1.2.3</code>
</div>
<div class="line number70 index69 alt1">
<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain"> PEAR - installed: 1.9.5</code>
</div>
<div class="line number71 index70 alt2">
<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">Wrote PEAR system config file at: /usr/local/php/etc/pear.conf</code>
</div>
<div class="line number72 index71 alt1">
<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">You may want to add: /usr/local/php/lib/php to your php.ini include_path</code>
</div>
<div class="line number73 index72 alt2">
<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">/usr/local/php/build/shtool install -c ext/phar/phar.phar /usr/local/php/bin</code>
</div>
<div class="line number74 index73 alt1">
<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">ln -s -f /usr/local/php/bin/phar.phar /usr/local/php/bin/phar</code>
</div>
<div class="line number75 index74 alt2">
<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">Installing PDO headers: /usr/local/php/</code><code class="php keyword">include</code><code class="php plain">/php/ext/pdo/</code>
</div>
<div class="line number76 index75 alt1">
</div>
<div class="line number77 index76 alt2">
<code class="php plain">###php配置</code>
</div>
<div class="line number78 index77 alt1">
<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">php.ini是php运行核心配置文件</code>
</div>
<div class="line number79 index78 alt2">
<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">php-fpm.conf是php-fpm进程服务的配置文件</code>
</div>
<div class="line number80 index79 alt1">
</div>
<div class="line number81 index80 alt2">
<code class="php plain"># cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini</code>
</div>
<div class="line number82 index81 alt1">
<code class="php plain"># cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.</code><code class="php keyword">default</code> <code class="php plain">/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf</code>
</div>
<div class="line number83 index82 alt2">
<code class="php plain"># cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm</code>
</div>
<div class="line number84 index83 alt1">
<code class="php plain"># </code><code class="php functions">chmod</code> <code class="php plain">+x /etc/init.d/php-fpm</code>
</div>
<div class="line number85 index84 alt2">
</div>
<div class="line number86 index85 alt1">
<code class="php plain">###fpm测试php配置</code>
</div>
<div class="line number87 index86 alt2">
<code class="php plain"># /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -t</code>
</div>
<div class="line number88 index87 alt1">
<code class="php plain"> NOTICE: </code>
</div>
<div class="line number89 index88 alt2">
<code class="php plain">configuration file /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf test is successful</code>
</div>
<div class="line number90 index89 alt1">
</div>
<div class="line number91 index90 alt2">
<code class="php plain"># chkconfig --add php-fpm</code>
</div>
<div class="line number92 index91 alt1">
<code class="php plain"># chkconfig php-fpm on</code>
</div>
<div class="line number93 index92 alt2">
<code class="php plain"># service php-fpm start</code>
</div>
<div class="line number94 index93 alt1">
<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">Starting php-fpm done</code>
</div>
<div class="line number95 index94 alt2">
<code class="php plain"># ps -ef|grep php</code>
</div>
<div class="line number96 index95 alt1">
<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">root 45690 1 0 20:07 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: master process(/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf) </code>
</div>
<div class="line number97 index96 alt2">
<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">nobody 45691 45690 0 20:07 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www </code>
</div>
<div class="line number98 index97 alt1">
<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">nobody 45692 45690 0 20:07 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www </code>
</div>
<div class="line number99 index98 alt2">
<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">root 45694 3441 0 20:07 pts/4 00:00:00 grep php</code>
</div>
<div class="line number100 index99 alt1">
</div>
<div class="line number101 index100 alt2">
<code class="php plain"># netstat -nltp|grep 9000</code>
</div>
<div class="line number102 index101 alt1">
<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 45690/php-fpm </code>
</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr></tbody></table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="codetool" id="codetool">
<div class="code_n">
<textarea></textarea>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
<strong>三、配置apache访问PHP</strong></p>
<div class="jb51code">
<div>
<div class="syntaxhighlighterphp" id="highlighter_487511">
<div class="toolbar">
<span>?</span>
</div>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr>
<td class="gutter">
<div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div>
<div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
2</div>
<div class="line number3 index2 alt2">
3</div>
<div class="line number4 index3 alt1">
4</div>
<div class="line number5 index4 alt2">
5</div>
<div class="line number6 index5 alt1">
6</div>
<div class="line number7 index6 alt2">
7</div>
<div class="line number8 index7 alt1">
8</div>
<div class="line number9 index8 alt2">
9</div>
<div class="line number10 index9 alt1">
10</div>
<div class="line number11 index10 alt2">
11</div>
<div class="line number12 index11 alt1">
12</div>
<div class="line number13 index12 alt2">
13</div>
<div class="line number14 index13 alt1">
14</div>
</td>
<td class="code">
<div class="container">
<div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
<code class="php plain">###开启以下模块</code>
</div>
<div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
<code class="php plain"># vim /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf ###注意此处，我这里是单独编译安装的httpd2.4版本，所以路径有所不同</code>
</div>
<div class="line number3 index2 alt2">
<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">LoadModule proxy_module modeles/mod_proxy.so</code>
</div>
<div class="line number4 index3 alt1">
<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">LoadModule proxy_fcgi_module modules/mod_proxy_fcgi.so</code>
</div>
<div class="line number5 index4 alt2">
</div>
<div class="line number6 index5 alt1">
<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">AddType application/x-httpd-php .php </code>
</div>
<div class="line number7 index6 alt2">
<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps</code>
</div>
<div class="line number8 index7 alt1">
</div>
<div class="line number9 index8 alt2">
<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">ProxyRequests Off ###关闭正向代理，开启下行的反向代理</code>
</div>
<div class="line number10 index9 alt1">
<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi:</code><code class="php comments">//127.0.0.1:9000/usr/local/apache/htdocs/$1</code>
</div>
<div class="line number11 index10 alt2">
</div>
<div class="line number12 index11 alt1">
<code class="php plain"># service httpd24 restart</code>
</div>
<div class="line number13 index12 alt2">
<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">Stopping httpd24: [ OK ]</code>
</div>
<div class="line number14 index13 alt1">
<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">Starting httpd24: [ OK ]</code>
</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr></tbody></table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="codetool" id="codetool">
<div class="code_n">
<textarea></textarea>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
<strong>四、验证PHP</strong></p>
<div class="jb51code">
<div>
<div class="syntaxhighlighterphp" id="highlighter_310489">
<div class="toolbar">
<span>?</span>
</div>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr>
<td class="gutter">
<div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div>
<div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
2</div>
<div class="line number3 index2 alt2">
3</div>
<div class="line number4 index3 alt1">
4</div>
<div class="line number5 index4 alt2">
5</div>
<div class="line number6 index5 alt1">
6</div>
<div class="line number7 index6 alt2">
7</div>
<div class="line number8 index7 alt1">
8</div>
<div class="line number9 index8 alt2">
9</div>
<div class="line number10 index9 alt1">
10</div>
<div class="line number11 index10 alt2">
11</div>
<div class="line number12 index11 alt1">
12</div>
<div class="line number13 index12 alt2">
13</div>
<div class="line number14 index13 alt1">
14</div>
<div class="line number15 index14 alt2">
15</div>
<div class="line number16 index15 alt1">
16</div>
</td>
<td class="code">
<div class="container">
<div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
<code class="php plain">###编写一个php页面测试</code>
</div>
<div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
<code class="php plain"># </code><code class="php functions">echo</code> <code class="php plain">"</code>
</div>
<div class="line number3 index2 alt2">
<code class="php plain">> <html></code>
</div>
<div class="line number4 index3 alt1">
<code class="php plain">> <h1>This is a php test page.</h1></code>
</div>
<div class="line number5 index4 alt2">
<code class="php plain">> <?php</code>
</div>
<div class="line number6 index5 alt1">
<code class="php plain">> phpinfo();</code>
</div>
<div class="line number7 index6 alt2">
<code class="php plain">> ?></code>
</div>
<div class="line number8 index7 alt1">
<code class="php plain">> </html>">>/usr/local/apache/htdocs/index.php </code>
</div>
<div class="line number9 index8 alt2">
</div>
<div class="line number10 index9 alt1">
<code class="php plain">###测试PHP</code>
</div>
<div class="line number11 index10 alt2">
<code class="php plain"># curl -I http:</code><code class="php comments">//localhost:90/index.php</code>
</div>
<div class="line number12 index11 alt1">
<code class="php plain">HTTP/1.1 200 OK</code>
</div>
<div class="line number13 index12 alt2">
<code class="php functions">Date</code><code class="php plain">: Fri, 15 Jul 2016 03:16:50 GMT</code>
</div>
<div class="line number14 index13 alt1">
<code class="php plain">Server: Apache/2.4.9 (Unix)</code>
</div>
<div class="line number15 index14 alt2">
<code class="php plain">X-Powered-By: PHP/5.6.9</code>
</div>
<div class="line number16 index15 alt1">
<code class="php plain">Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8</code>
</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr></tbody></table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="codetool" id="codetool">
<div class="code_n">
<textarea></textarea>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
<strong>五、对于本机未安装mysql数据库的情形(补充@20160718)</strong></p>
<div class="jb51code">
<div>
<div class="syntaxhighlighterphp" id="highlighter_739414">
<div class="toolbar">
<span>?</span>
</div>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr>
<td class="gutter">
<div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div>
<div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
2</div>
<div class="line number3 index2 alt2">
3</div>
<div class="line number4 index3 alt1">
4</div>
<div class="line number5 index4 alt2">
5</div>
<div class="line number6 index5 alt1">
6</div>
<div class="line number7 index6 alt2">
7</div>
<div class="line number8 index7 alt1">
8</div>
<div class="line number9 index8 alt2">
9</div>
<div class="line number10 index9 alt1">
10</div>
<div class="line number11 index10 alt2">
11</div>
<div class="line number12 index11 alt1">
12</div>
<div class="line number13 index12 alt2">
13</div>
</td>
<td class="code">
<div class="container">
<div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
<code class="php plain">PHP5.3以上版本，为了链接MySQL数据库，可以指定mysqlnd，这样在本机就不需要先安装MySQL或MySQL开发包。</code>
</div>
<div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
<code class="php plain">mysqlnd从php 5.3开始可用，可以编译时绑定到它（而不用和具体的MySQL客户端库绑定形成依赖）。</code>
</div>
<div class="line number3 index2 alt2">
<code class="php plain">从PHP 5.4开始，对于未明确指定--with-mysql的情形，mysql本地驱动将会被安装。</code>
</div>
<div class="line number4 index3 alt1">
<code class="php plain">可以参考如下配置：</code>
</div>
<div class="line number5 index4 alt2">
</div>
<div class="line number6 index5 alt1">
<code class="php plain">./configure \ ###修改@20160729</code>
</div>
<div class="line number7 index6 alt2">
<code class="php spaces"> </code><code class="php plain">.......... \ ###参数同上，仅仅是mysql相关参数值设置为mysqlnd</code>
</div>
<div class="line number8 index7 alt1">
<code class="php plain">--with-mysql \ ###相当于该参数值为mysqlnd</code>
</div>
<div class="line number9 index8 alt2">
<code class="php plain">--with-mysqli \ ###相当于该参数值为mysqlnd</code>
</div>
<div class="line number10 index9 alt1">
<code class="php plain">--with-pdo-mysql \ ###相当于该参数值为mysqlnd</code>
</div>
<div class="line number11 index10 alt2">
</div>
<div class="line number12 index11 alt1">
<code class="php plain">有关mysqlnd可以参考：</code>
</div>
<div class="line number13 index12 alt2">
<code class="php plain">http:</code><code class="php comments">//php.net/manual/zh/mysqli.overview.php#mysqli.overview.mysqlnd</code>
</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr></tbody></table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="codetool" id="codetool">
<div class="code_n">
<textarea></textarea>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
感谢阅读，希望能帮助到大家，谢谢大家对本站的支持！</p>
<p>
原文链接：http://blog.csdn.net/leshami/article/details/51916175</p>
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