linux下的C\C++多进程多线程编程实例详解
<p><strong>linux下的C\C++多进程多线程编程实例详解</strong></p>
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<strong>1、多进程编程</strong></p>
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<code class="bash comments">#include <stdlib.h> </code>
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<code class="bash comments">#include <sys/types.h> </code>
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<code class="bash comments">#include <unistd.h> </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code>
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<code class="bash plain">int main() </code>
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<code class="bash plain">{ </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">pid_t child_pid; </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">/* 创建一个子进程 */ </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">child_pid = fork(); </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash keyword">if</code><code class="bash plain">(child_pid == 0) </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">{ </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">printf</code><code class="bash plain">(</code><code class="bash string">"child pid\n"</code><code class="bash plain">); </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">exit</code><code class="bash plain">(0); </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">} </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash keyword">else</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">{ </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">printf</code><code class="bash plain">(</code><code class="bash string">"father pid\n"</code><code class="bash plain">); </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">sleep</code><code class="bash plain">(60); </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">} </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash keyword">return</code> <code class="bash plain">0; </code>
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<code class="bash plain">} </code>
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<p>
<strong> 2、多线程编程</strong></p>
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<code class="bash comments">#include <stdio.h> </code>
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<code class="bash comments">#include <pthread.h> </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code>
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<code class="bash plain">struct char_print_params </code>
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<code class="bash plain">{ </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">char character; </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">int count; </code>
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<code class="bash plain">}; </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code>
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<code class="bash plain">void *char_print(void *parameters) </code>
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<code class="bash plain">{ </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">struct char_print_params *p = (struct char_print_params *)parameters; </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">int i; </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash keyword">for</code><code class="bash plain">(i = 0; i < p->count; i++) </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">{ </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">fputc(p->character,stderr); </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">} </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash keyword">return</code> <code class="bash plain">NULL; </code>
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<code class="bash plain">} </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code>
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<code class="bash plain">int main() </code>
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<code class="bash plain">{ </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">pthread_t thread1_id; </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">pthread_t thread2_id; </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">struct char_print_params thread1_args; </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">struct char_print_params thread2_args; </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">thread1_args.character = </code><code class="bash string">'x'</code><code class="bash plain">; </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">thread1_args.count = 3000; </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">pthread_create(&thread1_id, NULL, &char_print, &thread1_args); </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">thread2_args.character = </code><code class="bash string">'o'</code><code class="bash plain">; </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">thread2_args.count = 2000; </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">pthread_create(&thread2_id, NULL, &char_print, &thread2_args); </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">pthread_join(thread1_id, NULL); </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">pthread_join(thread2_id, NULL); </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash keyword">return</code> <code class="bash plain">0; </code>
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<code class="bash plain">} </code>
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<p>
<strong>3、线程同步与互斥</strong></p>
<p>
1）、互斥</p>
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<code class="cpp plain">pthread_mutex_t mutex; </code>
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<code class="cpp plain">pthread_mutex_init(&mutex, NULL); </code>
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<code class="cpp spaces"> </code>
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<code class="cpp comments">/*也可以用下面的方式初始化*/</code>
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<code class="cpp plain">pthread_mutex_t mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER; </code>
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<code class="cpp spaces"> </code>
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<code class="cpp plain">pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex); </code>
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<code class="cpp comments">/* 互斥 */</code>
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<code class="cpp spaces"> </code>
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<code class="cpp plain">thread_flag = value; </code>
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<code class="cpp spaces"> </code>
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<code class="cpp plain">pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex); </code>
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<p>
2）、条件变量</p>
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<code class="cpp color1 bold">int</code> <code class="cpp plain">thread_flag = 0; </code>
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<code class="cpp plain">pthread_mutex_t mutex; </code>
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<code class="cpp plain">pthread_cond_t thread_flag_cv;\ </code>
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<code class="cpp spaces"> </code>
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<code class="cpp keyword bold">void</code> <code class="cpp plain">init_flag() </code>
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<code class="cpp plain">{ </code>
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<code class="cpp spaces"> </code><code class="cpp plain">pthread_mutex_init(&mutex, NULL); </code>
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<code class="cpp spaces"> </code><code class="cpp plain">pthread_cond_init(&thread_flag_cv, NULL); </code>
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<code class="cpp spaces"> </code><code class="cpp plain">thread_flag = 0; </code>
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<code class="cpp plain">} </code>
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<code class="cpp spaces"> </code>
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<code class="cpp keyword bold">void</code> <code class="cpp plain">*thread_function(</code><code class="cpp keyword bold">void</code> <code class="cpp plain">*thread_flag) </code>
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<code class="cpp plain">{ </code>
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<code class="cpp spaces"> </code><code class="cpp keyword bold">while</code><code class="cpp plain">(1) </code>
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<code class="cpp spaces"> </code><code class="cpp plain">{ </code>
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<code class="cpp spaces"> </code><code class="cpp plain">pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex); </code>
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<code class="cpp spaces"> </code><code class="cpp keyword bold">while</code><code class="cpp plain">(thread_flag != 0 ) </code>
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<code class="cpp spaces"> </code><code class="cpp plain">{ </code>
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<code class="cpp spaces"> </code><code class="cpp plain">pthread_cond_wait(&thread_flag_cv, &mutex); </code>
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<code class="cpp spaces"> </code><code class="cpp plain">} </code>
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<code class="cpp spaces"> </code><code class="cpp plain">pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex); </code>
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<code class="cpp spaces"> </code>
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<code class="cpp spaces"> </code><code class="cpp plain">do_work(); </code>
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<code class="cpp spaces"> </code><code class="cpp plain">} </code>
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<code class="cpp spaces"> </code>
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<code class="cpp spaces"> </code><code class="cpp keyword bold">return</code> <code class="cpp plain">NULL; </code>
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<code class="cpp plain">} </code>
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<code class="cpp spaces"> </code>
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<code class="cpp keyword bold">void</code> <code class="cpp plain">set_thread_flag(</code><code class="cpp color1 bold">int</code> <code class="cpp plain">flag_value) </code>
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<code class="cpp plain">{ </code>
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<code class="cpp spaces"> </code><code class="cpp plain">pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex); </code>
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<code class="cpp spaces"> </code><code class="cpp plain">thread_flag = flag_value; </code>
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<code class="cpp spaces"> </code>
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<code class="cpp spaces"> </code><code class="cpp plain">pthread_cond_signal(&thread_flag_cv); </code>
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<code class="cpp spaces"> </code><code class="cpp plain">pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex); </code>
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<code class="cpp plain">} </code>
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<p>
感谢阅读，希望能帮助到大家，谢谢大家对本站的支持！</p>
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原文链接：http://blog.csdn.net/nyist327/article/details/44958585</p>
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