Linux 中的文件复制cp命令和scp命令详解
<p><strong>Linux 中的文件复制cp命令和scp命令详解</strong></p>
<p>
在使用操作系统的使用过程中，常常需要复制文件到本地或者传输文件到其他电脑上，这时候用到两个命令cp和scp。</p>
<p>
cp命令用来复制文件或者目录。scp是secure copy的简写，用来在Linux下进行加密的远程传输文件或者目录。</p>
<p>
cp和scp是Linux中功能强大且常用的的命令，下面就介绍下cp和scp两个命令的使用。</p>
<p>
<strong>cp命令</strong></p>
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cp命令可以复制一个文件，可以是单个文件复制也可以是整个目录复制，命令的使用方式:</p>
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<code class="bash functions">cp</code> <code class="bash plain"> </code><code class="bash functions">source</code> <code class="bash plain">dest</code>
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例如:<span>cp test.txt test1.txt</span>，就是把test.txt复制为文件test1.txt。</p>
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常用的cp命令选项有:</p>
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<code class="bash plain">`-r`:拷贝目录文件，将目录下的文件依序拷贝到目标目录中</code>
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<code class="bash plain">`-f`:如果目标文件中已经有相同的文件名存在，在复制前先将同名文件删除再进行复制</code>
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<code class="bash plain">`-l`:对源文件进行硬链接，而不复制文件</code>
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<code class="bash plain">`-u`:源文件的Modification Time较目的文件有更新的时候，才会进行复制。</code>
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<code class="bash plain">`-</code><code class="bash functions">v</code><code class="bash plain">`:输出详细信息</code>
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复制文件夹的命令:</p>
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<code class="bash functions">cp</code> <code class="bash plain">-r </code><code class="bash functions">test</code><code class="bash plain">/ test1/</code>
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<strong>scp命令</strong></p>
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scp命令可以实现本地与远程服务器之间的双向传输，本地文件可以传输到远程服务，也可以把远程服务器上的文件传输到本地，而且是加密的。</p>
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scp命令的基本格式：</p>
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<code class="bash functions">scp</code> <code class="bash plain"> </code><code class="bash functions">source</code> <code class="bash plain">dest</code>
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scp常用的命令选项:</p>
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<code class="bash plain">`-P`:数据传输默认端口，默认是22</code>
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<code class="bash plain">`-r`:递归拷贝整个目录</code>
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<code class="bash plain">`-i`:指定密钥文件，参数直接传递给</code><code class="bash functions">ssh</code><code class="bash plain">使用</code>
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<code class="bash plain">`-l`:限定网速，以Kbit</code><code class="bash plain">/s</code><code class="bash plain">为单位</code>
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<code class="bash plain">`-C`:允许压缩</code>
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<code class="bash plain">`-1,-2`:强制</code><code class="bash functions">scp</code><code class="bash plain">命令使用ssh1或者ssh2协议</code>
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<code class="bash plain">`-4,-6`:使用ipv4或者ipv6寻址</code>
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下面是比较常用的scp命令使用的例子。</p>
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<strong>1.本地文件传输到远程服务器</strong></p>
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命令格式:</p>
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<code class="bash functions">scp</code> <code class="bash functions">test</code><code class="bash plain">.txt root@192.168.1.1:</code><code class="bash plain">/home/</code>
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将test.txt文件复制到目标服务器（192.168.1.1）下的home文件夹下。</p>
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<strong>2.本地文件夹传输到远程服务器</strong></p>
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命令格式:</p>
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<code class="bash functions">scp</code> <code class="bash plain">-r </code><code class="bash functions">test</code> <code class="bash plain">root@192.168.1.1:</code><code class="bash plain">/home/</code>
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将test整个文件夹复制到目标服务器下的home文件夹下。</p>
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<strong>3.远程服务器文件传输到本地</strong></p>
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命令格式:</p>
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<code class="bash functions">scp</code> <code class="bash plain">root@192.168.1.1:</code><code class="bash plain">/home/test</code><code class="bash plain">.txt </code><code class="bash functions">test</code>
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将远程服务中home目录下的test.txt文件，复制到本地的test目录下</p>
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<strong>4.远程服务器文件夹复制到本地</strong></p>
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<code class="bash functions">scp</code> <code class="bash plain">-r root@192.168.1.1:</code><code class="bash plain">/home/test</code> <code class="bash plain">/Users/jjz</code>
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将远程服务器中home目录下的test整个目录复制到本地的jjz目录下</p>
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<strong>5.scp命令指定密钥文件</strong></p>
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<code class="bash functions">scp</code> <code class="bash functions">test</code><code class="bash plain">.txt root@192.168.1.1:</code><code class="bash plain">/home/</code> <code class="bash plain">-i ~/.</code><code class="bash functions">ssh</code><code class="bash plain">/id_rsa</code><code class="bash plain">.1</code>
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这里指定了密钥文件id_rsa.1做为ssh的连接参数，不使用默认的密钥文件。</p>
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感谢阅读，希望能帮助到大家，谢谢大家对本站的支持！</p>
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原文链接：http://www.jianshu.com/p/d21a5d4818a5</p>
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