Centos下安装Ansible的示例代码

郭德纲济南分钢 發表於 2023-5-21 00:00:00

<p>
<span><strong>ansible</strong></span></p>
<p>
ansible是新出现的自动化运维工具，基于Python开发，集合了众多运维工具（puppet、cfengine、chef、func、fabric）的优点，实现了批量系统配置、批量程序部署、批量运行命令等功能。<br>
ansible是基于模块工作的，本身没有批量部署的能力。真正具有批量部署的是ansible所运行的模块，ansible只是提供一种框架。主要包括：</p>
<ol>
<li>
连接插件connection plugins：负责和被监控端实现通信；</li>
<li>
host inventory：指定操作的主机，是一个配置文件里面定义监控的主机；</li>
<li>
各种模块核心模块、command模块、自定义模块；</li>
<li>
借助于插件完成记录日志邮件等功能；</li>
<li>
playbook：剧本执行多个任务时，非必需可以让节点一次性运行多个任务。</li>
</ol>
<p>
<strong>1.ansible部署</strong></p>
<p>
ansible 与saltstack功能大致相同，但是好的一点就是我们Ansible不需要客户端，Centos的yum源当中没有Ansible的包，我们需要先RPM安装一下阿里云的epel源：</p>
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<code class="bash plain">rpm -Uvh https:</code><code class="bash plain">//mirrors</code><code class="bash plain">.aliyun.com</code><code class="bash plain">/epel/epel-release-latest-7</code><code class="bash plain">.noarch.rpm</code>
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<code class="bash plain">yum </code><code class="bash functions">install</code> <code class="bash plain">ansiable -y</code>
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<strong>2.ansible配置</strong></p>
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系统环境：</p>
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<code class="plain plain">server:172.16.0.10 ==> Centos 7.2 64位</code>
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<code class="plain plain">client1:172.16.0.11 ==> Centos 6.7 64位</code>
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<code class="plain plain">client2:172.16.0.12 ==> Centos 6.7 64位</code>
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添加客户端：</p>
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1.配置文件参数</p>
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编辑 /etc/ansible/hosts</p>
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<code class="plain plain">## alpha.example.org</code>
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<code class="plain plain">## beta.example.org</code>
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<code class="plain plain">172.16.0.11</code>
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<code class="plain plain">172.16.0.12</code>
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编辑 / etc/ansible/ansible.cfg，解决下面问题</p>
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<code class="plain plain">host_key_checking = False</code>
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默认ansible是使用key验证的，如果使用密码登陆的服务器，使用ansible的话，要不修改ansible.cfg配置文件的ask_pass = True给取消注释，要不就在运行命令时候加上-k，这个意思是-k, --ask-pass ask for SSH password。再修改：host_key_checking= False即可</p>
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2.使用ansible进行ping命令</p>
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单台测试客户端是否通了</p>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># ansible 172.16.0.11 -m ping -k</code>
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<code class="bash plain">SSH password: ==> 输入客户端的密码</code>
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<code class="bash plain">172.16.0.11 | SUCCESS => {</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash string">"changed"</code><code class="bash plain">: </code><code class="bash functions">false</code><code class="bash plain">, </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash string">"ping"</code><code class="bash plain">: </code><code class="bash string">"pong"</code>
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<code class="bash plain">}</code>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># ansible 172.16.0.12 -m ping -k</code>
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<code class="bash plain">SSH password: </code>
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<code class="bash plain">172.16.0.12 | SUCCESS => {</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash string">"changed"</code><code class="bash plain">: </code><code class="bash functions">false</code><code class="bash plain">, </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash string">"ping"</code><code class="bash plain">: </code><code class="bash string">"pong"</code>
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<code class="bash plain">}</code>
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测试一个组是否通了</p>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># ansible webservers -m ping -k</code>
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<code class="bash plain">SSH password: </code>
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<code class="bash plain">172.16.0.11 | SUCCESS => {</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash string">"changed"</code><code class="bash plain">: </code><code class="bash functions">false</code><code class="bash plain">, </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash string">"ping"</code><code class="bash plain">: </code><code class="bash string">"pong"</code>
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<code class="bash plain">}</code>
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<code class="bash plain">172.16.0.12 | SUCCESS => {</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash string">"changed"</code><code class="bash plain">: </code><code class="bash functions">false</code><code class="bash plain">, </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash string">"ping"</code><code class="bash plain">: </code><code class="bash string">"pong"</code>
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<code class="bash plain">}</code>
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安装完成。以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。</p>
<p>
原文链接：https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000014597605</p>

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Centos下安装Ansible的示例代码