详解Centos7扩展磁盘空间（LVM管理）
<p>本文介绍了Centos7扩展磁盘空间（LVM管理），分享给大家，具体如下：</p>
<p>
查看磁盘情况</p>
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<code class="bash comments"># fdisk -l /dev/sda</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Disk </code><code class="bash plain">/dev/sda</code><code class="bash plain">: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Sector size (logical</code><code class="bash plain">/physical</code><code class="bash plain">): 512 bytes / 512 bytes</code>
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<code class="bash plain">I</code><code class="bash plain">/O</code> <code class="bash plain">size (minimum</code><code class="bash plain">/optimal</code><code class="bash plain">): 512 bytes / 512 bytes</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Disk label </code><code class="bash functions">type</code><code class="bash plain">: dos</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Disk identifier: 0x00063fa6</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System</code>
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<code class="bash plain">/dev/sda1</code> <code class="bash plain">* 2048 1026047 512000 83 Linux</code>
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<code class="bash plain">/dev/sda2</code> <code class="bash plain">1026048 20971519 9972736 8e Linux LVM</code>
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<code class="bash plain">/dev/sda3</code> <code class="bash plain">20971520 41943039 10485760 8e Linux LVM</code>
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<p>
现在，磁盘大小为 21.5 GB。磁盘占用情况为：</p>
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<code class="bash comments"># df -h</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on</code>
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<code class="bash plain">/dev/mapper/centos-root</code> <code class="bash plain">19G 8.1G 11G 44% /</code>
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<code class="bash plain">devtmpfs 482M 0 482M 0% </code><code class="bash plain">/dev</code>
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<code class="bash plain">tmpfs 497M 88K 497M 1% </code><code class="bash plain">/dev/shm</code>
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<code class="bash plain">tmpfs 497M 7.0M 490M 2% </code><code class="bash plain">/run</code>
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<code class="bash plain">tmpfs 497M 0 497M 0% </code><code class="bash plain">/sys/fs/cgroup</code>
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<code class="bash plain">/dev/sda1</code> <code class="bash plain">497M 157M 341M 32% </code><code class="bash plain">/boot</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Share 103G 36G 67G 35% </code><code class="bash plain">/media/sf_Share</code>
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<code class="bash plain">tmpfs 100M 4.0K 100M 1% </code><code class="bash plain">/run/user/42</code>
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<code class="bash plain">tmpfs 100M 12K 100M 1% </code><code class="bash plain">/run/user/0</code>
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<p>
试试看用 dd 命令创建一个大小为 1GB 的块文件：</p>
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<code class="plain plain"># dd if=/dev/zero of=1.0G.img bs=1M count=1000</code>
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<code class="plain plain">dd: writing `1.0G.img': No space left on device</code>
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<code class="plain plain">1+0 records in</code>
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<code class="plain plain">0+0 records out</code>
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<code class="plain plain">8192 bytes (8.2 kB) copied, 0.00300509 s, 2.7 MB/s</code>
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提示磁盘空间不足，说明，虽然已给虚拟机分配了足够的空间，但是系统并不识别该空间。</p>
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下面调整虚拟机操作系统的文件系统，使之识别新增的空间</p>
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1.创建新的分区</p>
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<code class="bash comments"># fdisk /dev/sda</code>
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<code class="bash plain">n {new partition}</code>
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<code class="bash plain">p {primary partition}</code>
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<code class="bash plain">3 {partition number}</code>
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<code class="bash plain">[这时会提示修改大小，选择默认直接回车即可]</code>
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<code class="bash plain">t {change partition </code><code class="bash functions">id</code><code class="bash plain">}</code>
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<code class="bash plain">3 {partition number}</code>
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<code class="bash plain">8e {Linux LVM partition}</code>
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<code class="bash plain">w</code>
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如果中间有设置大小之类的提示，就直接回车。</p>
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完成后，如果提示：</p>
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PS：经实际测试，无此提示，但还是要重启系统，看看是否已识别该磁盘空间。</p>
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WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: 设备或资源忙. The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)</p>
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就重启一下系统。</p>
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2.查看新增加的sda3是否标记为LVM，如果没有需要reboot</p>
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PS：经实际测试，sda3已经是LVM了，但系统还是不识别该磁盘空间。<br>
3.调整LVM大小</p>
<p>
查看Volume Group名称</p>
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<code class="plain plain"># vgdisplay</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">--- Volume group ---</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">VG Name centos</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">System ID </code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">Format lvm2</code>
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<p>
4.为新分配的空间创建一个新的物理卷</p>
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<code class="plain plain">#pvcreate /dev/sda3</code>
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5.使用新的物理卷来扩展 LVM 的 VolGroup</p>
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<code class="plain plain"># vgextend centos /dev/sda3</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">No physical volume label read from /dev/sda3</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">Writing physical volume data to disk "/dev/sda3"</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">Physical volume "/dev/sda3" successfully created</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">Volume group "vg_aimin" successfully extended</code>
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<p>
6.扩展 LVM 的逻辑卷 centos-root</p>
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先查看逻辑卷：</p>
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<code class="plain plain"># lvdisplay</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">--- Logical volume ---</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">LV Path /dev/centos/root</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">LV Name root</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">VG Name centos</code>
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<code class="plain plain"># lvextend /dev/centos/root /dev/sda3</code>
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7.调整逻辑卷的大小</p>
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<code class="plain plain"># xfs_growfs /dev/centos/root</code>
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PS：不知道是调整还是同步，经实际测试需要用xfs_growfs命令，而非resize2fs命令</p>
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8.查看结果</p>
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<code class="plain plain"># lvscan</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">ACTIVE '/dev/centos/root' inherit</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">ACTIVE '/dev/centos/swap' inherit</code>
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<p>
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。</p>
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原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/navy_xue/article/details/73499435</p>
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