SpringBoot集成Sentinel实战：从依赖到自定义限流与监控
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<h2 id="1-添加依赖">1 添加依赖</h2>
<h3 id="11-jdk8">1.1 JDK8</h3>
<pre><code class="language-xml"><dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
<version>2.2.10-RC1</version>
</dependency>
</code></pre>
<blockquote>
<p>groupId也可为 org.springframework.cloud。</p>
</blockquote>
<p>涵盖依赖包：</p>
<h3 id="12-jdk21">1.2 JDK21</h3>
<p>我使用的 JDK23+SpringBoot3.4.1：</p>
<pre><code class="language-xml"><!-- Sentinel 依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
<version>2023.0.3.2</version>
</dependency>
</code></pre>
<h2 id="2-暴露端点">2 暴露端点</h2>
<p>整合成功后，会暴露actuator/Sentinel端点，所以再添依赖：</p>
<pre><code class="language-xml"><dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
</code></pre>
<p>还需配置才能暴露端点（默认不暴露）：</p>
<pre><code class="language-yml">management:
endpoints:
web:
exposure:
include: '*'
</code></pre>
<h2 id="3-配置文件">3 配置文件</h2>
<p>连接Sentinel控制台的地址信息配置</p>
<pre><code class="language-yml">spinrg:
cloud:
sentinel:
transport:
dashboard: localhost:8080
</code></pre>
<h2 id="4-sentinel-自定义限流响应与实时监控">4 Sentinel 自定义限流响应与实时监控</h2>
<h3 id="sentinel-自定义资源与限流规则">Sentinel 自定义资源与限流规则</h3>
<p>如针对接口限流：</p>
<pre><code class="language-java">@RestController
@RequestMapping("/pilot")
public class PilotController {
@SentinelResource(value = "pilot_list",
blockHandler = "blockHandler")
@GetMapping("/getList")
public ResultBody list() {
Map<String, List<Pilot>> pilotServiceList = pilotService.getList();
return ResultBody.success(pilotServiceList);
}
// 限流降级方法
public ResultBody blockHandler(BlockException e) {
log.warn("触发限流", e);
return ResultBody.error("服务繁忙，请稍后再试");
}
}
</code></pre>
<p>value对应的资源名称：</p>
<p><img alt="" loading="lazy" src="https://img2024.cnblogs.com/other/1097393/202505/1097393-20250506105241545-1489897494.png" class="lazyload"></p>
<pre><code class="language-java">@Configuration
public class SentinelConfig implements BlockExceptionHandler {
@PostConstruct
private void initFlowRules() {
List<FlowRule> rules = new ArrayList<>();
// 创建流控规则
FlowRule rule = new FlowRule();
// 设置受保护的资源
rule.setResource("pilot_list");
// 设置流控规则 QPS
rule.setGrade(RuleConstant.FLOW_GRADE_QPS);
// 设置受保护的资源阈值
rule.setCount(1);
rules.add(rule);
// 加载规则
FlowRuleManager.loadRules(rules);
}
@Bean
public SentinelResourceAspect sentinelResourceAspect() {
return new SentinelResourceAspect();
}
@Override
public void handle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, String resourceName, BlockException e) throws Exception {
response.setStatus(429);
response.getWriter().write("访问过于频繁，请稍后再试");
}
}
</code></pre>
<p>限流效果：</p>
<p><img alt="" loading="lazy" src="https://p.ipic.vip/o69cp4.png" class="lazyload"></p>
<h2 id="注意">注意</h2>
<p>升级后，注意验证规则是否失效，避免版本差异bug。</p>
<p>参考：</p>
<ul>
<li>https://github.com/alibaba/spring-cloud-alibaba/wiki/版本说明</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>本文由博客一文多发平台 OpenWrite 发布！</p>
</blockquote><br><br>
来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/JavaEdge/p/18861134
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