Centos 通过 Nginx 和 vsftpd 构建图片服务器的教程（图文）
<p><span><strong>1、nginx 简介</strong></span></p>
<p>
nginx (engine x) 是一个高性能的http和反向代理服务器，也是一个imap/pop3/smtp服务器。nginx是由伊戈尔·赛索耶夫为俄罗斯访问量第二的rambler.ru站点（俄文：рамблер）开发的，第一个公开版本0.1.0发布于2004年10月4日。</p>
<p>
其将源代码以类bsd许可证的形式发布，因它的稳定性、丰富的功能集、示例配置文件和低系统资源的消耗而闻名。2011年6月1日，nginx 1.0.4发布。</p>
<p>
nginx是一款轻量级的web 服务器/反向代理服务器及电子邮件（imap/pop3）代理服务器，并在一个bsd-like 协议下发行。其特点是占有内存少，并发能力强，事实上nginx的并发能力确实在同类型的网页服务器中表现较好，中国大陆使用nginx网站用户有：百度、京东、新浪、网易、腾讯、淘宝等。</p>
<p>
这篇文章主要介绍了centos 通过 nginx 和 vsftpd 构建图片服务器, 需要的朋友可以参考下</p>
<p>
<span><strong>2、nginx 安装</strong></span></p>
<p>
nginx官网 </p>
<p>
ngxin下载地址</p>
<p>
<strong>2.1 、nginx 安装环境</strong></p>
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<code class="bash plain">yum </code><code class="bash functions">install</code> <code class="bash plain">-y gcc pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel</code>
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下面是一些简单的介绍</p>
<p>
nginx 是 c 语言开发，建议在 linux 上运行，本教程使用 centos 7.2 作为安装环境。</p>
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<code class="bash comments"># cat /etc/redhat-release</code>
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<code class="bash comments"># uname -a</code>
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安装 nginx 需要先将官网下载的源码进行编译，编译依赖 gcc 环境，如果没有 gcc 环境，需要安装 gcc：</p>
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<code class="bash plain">yum </code><code class="bash functions">install</code> <code class="bash plain">gcc-c++</code>
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pcre(perlcompatible regular expressions) 是一个 perl 库，包括 perl 兼容的正则表达式库。nginx 的 http 模块使用 pcre 来解析正则表达式，所以需要在 linux 上安装 pcre 库。</p>
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<code class="bash plain">yum </code><code class="bash functions">install</code> <code class="bash plain">-y pcre pcre-devel</code>
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注：pcre-devel 是使用 pcre 开发的一个二次开发库。nginx 也需要此库。</p>
<p>
zlib 库提供了很多种压缩和解压缩的方式，nginx 使用 zlib 对 http 包的内容进行 gzip，所以需要在 linux 上安装 zlib 库。</p>
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<code class="bash plain">yum </code><code class="bash functions">install</code> <code class="bash plain">-y zlib zlib-devel</code>
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openssl 是一个强大的安全套接字层密码库，囊括主要的密码算法、常用的密钥和证书封装管理功能及 ssl 协议，并提供丰富的应用程序供测试或其它目的使用。</p>
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nginx 不仅支持 http 协议，还支持 https（即在 ssl 协议上传输 http），所以需要在 linux 安装 openssl 库。</p>
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<code class="bash plain">yum </code><code class="bash functions">install</code> <code class="bash plain">-y openssl openssl-devel</code>
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<strong>2.2 、下载nginx 编译安装</strong></p>
<p>
nginx官网提供了三个类型的版本</p>
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mainline version：mainline 是 nginx 目前主力在做的版本，可以说是开发版</li>
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stable version：最新稳定版，生产环境上建议使用的版本</li>
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legacy versions：遗留的老版本的稳定版</li>
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</p>
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演示使用的是nginx-1.13.4</p>
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1、下载nginx</p>
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<code class="bash comments"># wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.13.4.tar.gz</code>
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2、解压：</p>
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<code class="bash functions">tar</code> <code class="bash plain">-zxvf nginx-1.13.4.</code><code class="bash functions">tar</code><code class="bash plain">.gz</code>
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3、进入 nginx 的根目录：</p>
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<code class="bash functions">cd</code> <code class="bash plain">nginx-1.13.4</code>
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<p>
4、 configure 配置</p>
<p>
查询详细参数</p>
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这里只配置安装目录其他参数默认</p>
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<code class="plain plain">./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx</code>
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配置成功的截图</p>
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<img style="max-width:100%!important;height:auto!important;"title="Centos 通过 Nginx 和 vsftpd 构建图片服务器的教程（图文）" alt="Centos 通过 Nginx 和 vsftpd 构建图片服务器的教程（图文）" src="https://zhuji.jb51.net/uploads/img/202305/7fc88e927b992ef149cce25e3d136fed.jpg"></p>
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<strong>5、编译安装</strong></p>
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<code class="plain plain">make </code>
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<code class="plain plain">make install</code>
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make 编译 （make的过程是把各种语言写的源码文件，变成可执行文件和各种库文件）</p>
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make install 安装 （make install是把这些编译出来的可执行文件和库文件复制到合适的地方）</p>
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安装成功查看安装目录 ：</p>
<p>
<img style="max-width:100%!important;height:auto!important;"title="Centos 通过 Nginx 和 vsftpd 构建图片服务器的教程（图文）" alt="Centos 通过 Nginx 和 vsftpd 构建图片服务器的教程（图文）" src="https://zhuji.jb51.net/uploads/img/202305/b46bebdd844bd84072033f6cc328a2f4.jpg"></p>
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<span><strong>3、nginx 启动与停止</strong></span></p>
<p>
<strong>3.1 判断配置文件是否正确</strong></p>
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<code class="bash functions">cd</code> <code class="bash plain">/usr/local/nginx/sbin</code>
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<code class="bash plain">.</code><code class="bash plain">/nginx</code> <code class="bash plain">-t</code>
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<code class="bash plain">或者指定配置文件</code>
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<code class="bash plain">.</code><code class="bash plain">/nginx</code> <code class="bash plain">-t -c </code><code class="bash plain">/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx</code><code class="bash plain">.conf</code>
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3.2 启动</p>
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<code class="bash plain">.</code><code class="bash plain">/nginx</code>
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注意：执行./nginx 启动 nginx，这里可以 - c 指定加载的 nginx 配置文件，如下：</p>
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<code class="bash functions">cd</code> <code class="bash plain">/usr/local/nginx/sbin/</code>
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<code class="bash plain">.</code><code class="bash plain">/nginx</code> <code class="bash plain">-c </code><code class="bash plain">/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx</code><code class="bash plain">.conf</code>
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如果不指定 - c，nginx 在启动时默认加载 conf/nginx.conf 文件，此文件的地址也可以在编译安装 nginx 时指定./configure 的参数（--conf-path= 指向配置文件（nginx.conf））</p>
<p>
查询 nginx 进程：</p>
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<img style="max-width:100%!important;height:auto!important;"title="Centos 通过 Nginx 和 vsftpd 构建图片服务器的教程（图文）" alt="Centos 通过 Nginx 和 vsftpd 构建图片服务器的教程（图文）" height="157" src="https://zhuji.jb51.net/uploads/img/202305/bf817f86bd269f3341a1164b940ceb8e.jpg" width="1428"></p>
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27811 是 nginx 主进程的进程 id，27812 是 nginx 工作进程的进程 id</p>
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<img style="max-width:100%!important;height:auto!important;"title="Centos 通过 Nginx 和 vsftpd 构建图片服务器的教程（图文）" alt="Centos 通过 Nginx 和 vsftpd 构建图片服务器的教程（图文）" src="https://zhuji.jb51.net/uploads/img/202305/edec5d143985a934f5a8ca38bdc7203d.jpg"></p>
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<span><strong>3.3 停止与重启 nginx</strong></span></p>
<p>
<strong>3.3.1 停止</strong></p>
<p>
方式 1，快速停止：</p>
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<code class="bash plain">.</code><code class="bash plain">/nginx</code> <code class="bash plain">-s stop</code>
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此方式相当于先查出 nginx 进程 id 再使用 kill 命令强制杀掉进程。</p>
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方式 2，完整停止 (建议使用)：</p>
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此方式停止步骤是待 nginx 进程处理任务完毕进行停止。</p>
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<strong>3.3.2 重启 nginx</strong></p>
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方式 1，先停止再启动（建议使用）：</p>
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对 nginx 进行重启相当于先停止 nginx 再启动 nginx，即先执行停止命令再执行启动命令。</p>
<p>
如下：</p>
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方式 2，重新加载配置文件：</p>
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当 nginx 的配置文件 nginx.conf 修改后，要想让配置生效需要重启 nginx，使用 - s reload 不用先停止 nginx 再启动 nginx 即可将配置信息在 nginx 中生效，如下：</p>
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<p>
<span><strong>4、测试nginx</strong></span></p>
<p>
nginx 安装成功，启动 nginx，即可访问虚拟机上的 nginx。如果nginx启动了，其他电脑访问不了请设置一下防火墙</p>
<p>
<img style="max-width:100%!important;height:auto!important;"title="Centos 通过 Nginx 和 vsftpd 构建图片服务器的教程（图文）" alt="Centos 通过 Nginx 和 vsftpd 构建图片服务器的教程（图文）" height="489" src="https://zhuji.jb51.net/uploads/img/202305/e8223591240ec373546e7df37fb1eb42.jpg" width="1428"></p>
<p>
<span><strong>5、ftp 安装</strong></span></p>
<p>
请参考之前写的一篇文章基于 centos 搭建 ftp 文件服务</p>
<p>
ftp 图片上传保存目录为 /data/ftp/pub/img</p>
<p>
<img style="max-width:100%!important;height:auto!important;"title="Centos 通过 Nginx 和 vsftpd 构建图片服务器的教程（图文）" alt="Centos 通过 Nginx 和 vsftpd 构建图片服务器的教程（图文）" height="732" src="https://zhuji.jb51.net/uploads/img/202305/e233e3b1e09799cced88a46b32a08bcc.jpg" width="1347"></p>
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<span><strong>6、配置nginx 访问ftp上的图片</strong></span></p>
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<strong>6.1 创建nginx配置目录</strong></p>
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在/usr/local/nginx/conf目录中创建nginx配置目录conf.d你为了方便统一管理nginx的配置文件。</p>
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<code class="bash functions">mkdir</code> <code class="bash plain">-p </code><code class="bash plain">/usr/local/nginx/conf/conf</code><code class="bash plain">.d</code>
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<strong>6.2 设置主配置文件</strong></p>
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设置主配置文件加载 conf.d中所有后缀名为conf的配置文件并开启log_format main的日志</p>
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<code class="plain plain">include conf.d/*.conf;</code>
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<strong>6.3 nginx添加图片server</strong></p>
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在/usr/local/nginx/conf/conf.d目录中添加img.conf文件并添加如下内容:</p>
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<code class="plain plain">server {</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">listen 8190;</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">error_log logs/storer_error.log debug;</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">access_log logs/storer_access.log main;</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">location /img/ {</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">#alias /data/ftp/pub/img/;</code>
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<code class="plain spaces"> </code><code class="plain plain">root /data/ftp/pub/;</code>
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检查配置文件是否正确</p>
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<code class="plain plain">../sbin/nginx -t</code>
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启动nginx</p>
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<code class="plain plain">../sbin/nginx</code>
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如果之前有启动</p>
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<code class="plain plain">../sbin/nginx -s reload</code>
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浏览器输入nginx访问地址测试http://10.211.55.4:8190/img/666.jpeg</p>
<p>
<img style="max-width:100%!important;height:auto!important;"title="Centos 通过 Nginx 和 vsftpd 构建图片服务器的教程（图文）" alt="Centos 通过 Nginx 和 vsftpd 构建图片服务器的教程（图文）" height="732" src="https://zhuji.jb51.net/uploads/img/202305/3ff96a036efab7eec5c207fa0b980077.jpg" width="1139"></p>
<p>
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。</p>
<p>
原文链接：http://www.jianshu.com/p/765990469fdc?utm_source=tuicool&utm_medium=referral</p>
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