centos 7中添加一个新用户并授权的步骤详解
<p><span><strong>前言</strong></span></p>
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最近在笔记本装了一个centos，想要让别人也可以登录访问，用自己的账号确实不太好，于是准备新建一个用户给他。发现网站这方便的资料比较少，所以将自己实现的步骤总结分享出来，话不多说了，来一起看看详细的介绍：</p>
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<span><strong>创建新用户</strong></span></p>
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创建一个用户名为：zhangbiao</p>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># adduser zhangbiao</code>
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为这个用户初始化密码，linux会判断密码复杂度，不过可以强行忽略：</p>
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<code class="plain plain"># passwd zhangbiao</code>
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<code class="plain plain">更改用户 zhangbiao 的密码 。</code>
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<code class="plain plain">新的 密码：</code>
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<code class="plain plain">无效的密码： 密码未通过字典检查 - 过于简单化/系统化</code>
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<code class="plain plain">重新输入新的 密码：</code>
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<code class="plain plain">passwd：所有的身份验证令牌已经成功更新。</code>
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<span><strong>授权</strong></span></p>
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个人用户的权限只可以在本home下有完整权限，其他目录要看别人授权。而经常需要root用户的权限，这时候sudo可以化身为root来操作。我记得我曾经sudo创建了文件，然后发现自己并没有读写权限，因为查看权限是root创建的。</p>
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新创建的用户并不能使用sudo命令，需要给他添加授权。</p>
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sudo命令的授权管理是在sudoers文件里的。</p>
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<strong>可以看看sudoers：</strong></p>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># sudoers</code>
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<code class="bash functions">bash</code><code class="bash plain">: sudoers: 未找到命令...</code>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># whereis sudoers</code>
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<code class="bash plain">sudoers: </code><code class="bash plain">/etc/sudoers</code> <code class="bash plain">/etc/sudoers</code><code class="bash plain">.d </code><code class="bash plain">/usr/libexec/sudoers</code><code class="bash plain">.so </code><code class="bash plain">/usr/share/man/man5/sudoers</code><code class="bash plain">.5.gz</code>
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找到这个文件位置之后再查看权限：</p>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># ls -l /etc/sudoers</code>
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<code class="bash plain">-r--r----- 1 root root 4251 9月 25 15:08 </code><code class="bash plain">/etc/sudoers</code>
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是的，只有只读的权限，如果想要修改的话，需要先添加w权限：</p>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># chmod -v u+w /etc/sudoers</code>
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<code class="bash plain">mode of </code><code class="bash string">"/etc/sudoers"</code> <code class="bash plain">changed from 0440 (r--r-----) to 0640 (rw-r-----)</code>
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然后就可以添加内容了，在下面的一行下追加新增的用户：</p>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># vim /etc/sudoers</code>
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<code class="bash comments">## Allow root to run any commands anywher </code>
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<code class="bash plain">root ALL=(ALL) ALL </code>
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<code class="bash plain">zhangbiao ALL=(ALL) ALL </code><code class="bash comments">#这个是新增的用户</code>
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wq保存退出，这时候要记得将写权限收回：</p>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># chmod -v u-w /etc/sudoers</code>
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<code class="bash plain">mode of </code><code class="bash string">"/etc/sudoers"</code> <code class="bash plain">changed from 0640 (rw-r-----) to 0440 (r--r-----)</code>
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这时候使用新用户登录，使用sudo：</p>
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<code class="bash plain">$ </code><code class="bash functions">sudo</code> <code class="bash functions">cat</code> <code class="bash plain">/etc/passwd</code>
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<code class="bash plain">[</code><code class="bash functions">sudo</code><code class="bash plain">] password </code><code class="bash keyword">for</code> <code class="bash plain">zhangbiao: </code>
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<code class="bash plain">We trust you have received the usual lecture from the </code><code class="bash functions">local</code> <code class="bash plain">System</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Administrator. It usually boils down to these three things:</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash comments">#1) Respect the privacy of others.</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash comments">#2) Think before you type.</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash comments">#3) With great power comes great responsibility.</code>
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第一次使用会提示你，你已经化身超人，身负责任。而且需要输入密码才可以下一步。如果不想需要输入密码怎么办，将最后一个 ALL 修改成 NOPASSWD: ALL 。</p>
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<span><strong>总结</strong></span></p>
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以上就是这篇文章的全部内容了，希望本文的内容对大家的学习或者工作能带来一定的帮助，如果有疑问大家可以留言交流，谢谢大家对服务器之家的支持。</p>
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<strong>参考</strong></p>
<p>
Centos 7添加用户</p>
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原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/woshimrf/p/centos-new-user.html</p>
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