CentOS7安装mysql5.7解压缩版简明教程
<p>本文实例讲述了CentOS7安装mysql5.7解压缩版的方法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：</p>
<p>
<strong>1.下载安装包</strong></p>
<p>
http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/#downloads<br>
推荐下载通用安装方法的TAR包</p>
<p>
<strong>2.检查库文件是否存在，如有删除。</strong></p>
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<code class="bash plain">$ rpm -qa | </code><code class="bash functions">grep</code> <code class="bash plain">mysql</code>
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<code class="bash plain">mysql-libs-5.1.52-1.el6_0.1.x86_64</code>
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<code class="bash plain">$ rpm -e mysql-libs-5.1.52.x86_64 --nodeps</code>
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<strong>3.检查mysql组和用户是否存在，如无创建。</strong></p>
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<code class="bash plain">$ </code><code class="bash functions">cat</code> <code class="bash plain">/etc/group</code> <code class="bash plain">| </code><code class="bash functions">grep</code> <code class="bash plain">mysql</code>
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<code class="bash plain">mysql:x:490:</code>
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<code class="bash plain">$ </code><code class="bash functions">cat</code> <code class="bash plain">/etc/passwd</code> <code class="bash plain">| </code><code class="bash functions">grep</code> <code class="bash plain">mysql</code>
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<code class="bash plain">mysql:x:496:490::</code><code class="bash plain">/home/mysql</code><code class="bash plain">:</code><code class="bash plain">/bin/bash</code>
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<code class="bash plain">以上为默认存在的情况，如无，执行添加命令：</code>
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<code class="bash plain">$groupadd mysql</code>
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<code class="bash plain">$</code><code class="bash functions">useradd</code> <code class="bash plain">-r -g mysql mysql</code>
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<code class="bash plain">//useradd</code> <code class="bash plain">-r参数表示mysql用户是系统用户，不可用于登录系统。</code>
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<strong>4.解压TAR包，更改所属的组和用户</strong></p>
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<code class="bash plain">$ </code><code class="bash functions">cd</code> <code class="bash plain">/usr/local/</code>
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<code class="bash plain">$ </code><code class="bash functions">tar</code> <code class="bash plain">xvf mysql-5.7.12-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.</code><code class="bash functions">tar</code>
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<code class="bash plain">$ </code><code class="bash functions">ls</code> <code class="bash plain">-l</code>
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<code class="bash plain">total 1306432</code>
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<code class="bash plain">-rwxr--r--. 1 root root 668866560 Jun 1 15:07 mysql-5.7.12-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.</code><code class="bash functions">tar</code>
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<code class="bash plain">-rw-r--r--. 1 7161 wheel 638960236 Mar 28 12:54 mysql-5.7.12-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.</code><code class="bash functions">tar</code><code class="bash plain">.gz</code>
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<code class="bash plain">-rw-r--r--. 1 7161 wheel 29903372 Mar 28 12:48 mysql-</code><code class="bash functions">test</code><code class="bash plain">-5.7.12-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.</code><code class="bash functions">tar</code><code class="bash plain">.gz</code>
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<code class="bash plain">$ </code><code class="bash functions">tar</code> <code class="bash plain">xvfz mysql-5.7.12-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.</code><code class="bash functions">tar</code><code class="bash plain">.gz</code>
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<code class="bash plain">$ </code><code class="bash functions">mv</code> <code class="bash plain">mysql-5.7.12-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysql</code>
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<code class="bash plain">$ </code><code class="bash functions">ls</code> <code class="bash plain">-l</code>
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<code class="bash plain">total 1306436</code>
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<code class="bash plain">drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Dec 4 2009 bin</code>
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<code class="bash plain">drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Dec 4 2009 etc</code>
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<code class="bash plain">drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Dec 4 2009 games</code>
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<code class="bash plain">drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Dec 4 2009 include</code>
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<code class="bash plain">drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Dec 4 2009 lib</code>
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<code class="bash plain">drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Dec 2 14:36 lib64</code>
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<code class="bash plain">drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Dec 4 2009 libexec</code>
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<code class="bash plain">drwxr-xr-x. 9 7161 wheel 4096 Mar 28 12:51 mysql</code>
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<code class="bash plain">-rwxr--r--. 1 root root 668866560 Jun 1 15:07 mysql-5.7.12-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.</code><code class="bash functions">tar</code>
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<code class="bash plain">-rw-r--r--. 1 7161 wheel 638960236 Mar 28 12:54 mysql-5.7.12-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.</code><code class="bash functions">tar</code><code class="bash plain">.gz</code>
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<code class="bash plain">-rw-r--r--. 1 7161 wheel 29903372 Mar 28 12:48 mysql-</code><code class="bash functions">test</code><code class="bash plain">-5.7.12-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.</code><code class="bash functions">tar</code><code class="bash plain">.gz</code>
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<code class="bash plain">drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Dec 4 2009 sbin</code>
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<code class="bash plain">drwxr-xr-x. 6 root root 4096 Dec 2 14:36 share</code>
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<code class="bash plain">drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Dec 4 2009 src</code>
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<code class="bash plain">$ </code><code class="bash functions">chown</code> <code class="bash plain">-R mysql mysql/</code>
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<code class="bash plain">$ </code><code class="bash functions">chgrp</code> <code class="bash plain">-R mysql mysql/</code>
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<code class="bash plain">$ </code><code class="bash functions">cd</code> <code class="bash plain">mysql/</code>
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<strong>5.安装和初始化数据库</strong></p>
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<code class="bash plain">$ bin</code><code class="bash plain">/mysql_install_db</code> <code class="bash plain">--user=mysql --basedir=</code><code class="bash plain">/usr/local/mysql/</code> <code class="bash plain">--datadir=</code><code class="bash plain">/usr/local/mysql/data/</code>
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<code class="bash plain">2016-06-01 15:23:25 mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize</code>
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<code class="bash plain">2016-06-01 15:23:30 The bootstrap log isn't empty:</code>
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<code class="bash plain">2016-06-01 15:23:30 2016-06-01T22:23:25.491840Z 0 --bootstrap is deprecated. Please consider using --initialize instead</code>
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<code class="bash plain">2016-06-01T22:23:25.492256Z 0 Changed limits: max_open_files: 1024 (requested 5000)</code>
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<code class="bash plain">2016-06-01T22:23:25.492260Z 0 Changed limits: table_open_cache: 431 (requested 2000)</code>
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<span>如果改变默认安装路径，则需要 1）/etc/my.cnf、/etc/init.d/mysqld中修改 basedir='/apps/mysql' datadir='/apps/mysql/data' 2）创建ln mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/bin ln -s /apps/mysql/bin/mysqld /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld</span></p>
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<code class="bash plain">$ </code><code class="bash functions">cp</code> <code class="bash plain">-a .</code><code class="bash plain">/support-files/my-default</code><code class="bash plain">.cnf </code><code class="bash plain">/etc/my</code><code class="bash plain">.cnf</code>
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<code class="bash plain">$ </code><code class="bash functions">cp</code> <code class="bash plain">-a .</code><code class="bash plain">/support-files/mysql</code><code class="bash plain">.server </code><code class="bash plain">/etc/init</code><code class="bash plain">.d</code><code class="bash plain">/mysqld</code>
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<code class="bash plain">$ </code><code class="bash functions">cd</code> <code class="bash plain">bin/</code>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># ./mysqld_safe --user=mysql &</code>
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<code class="bash plain"> 2932</code>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># 2016-06-01T22:27:09.708557Z mysqld_safe Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.err'.</code>
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<code class="bash plain">2016-06-01T22:27:09.854913Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from </code><code class="bash plain">/usr/local/mysql/data</code>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># /etc/init.d/mysqld restart</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Shutting down MySQL..2016-06-01T22:27:50.498694Z mysqld_safe mysqld from pid </code><code class="bash functions">file</code> <code class="bash plain">/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost</code><code class="bash plain">.localdomain.pid ended</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">SUCCESS!</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!</code>
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<code class="bash plain">+ Done .</code><code class="bash plain">/mysqld_safe</code> <code class="bash plain">--user=mysql</code>
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<code class="bash plain">$</code>
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<code class="bash plain">//</code><code class="bash plain">设置开机启动</code>
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<code class="bash plain">$ chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on</code>
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<code class="bash plain">$</code>
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<strong>6.初始化密码</strong></p>
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mysql5.7会生成一个初始化密码，而在之前的版本首次登陆不需要登录。</p>
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<code class="bash plain">$ </code><code class="bash functions">cat</code> <code class="bash plain">/root/</code><code class="bash plain">.mysql_secret</code>
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<code class="bash comments"># Password set for user 'root@localhost' at 2016-06-01 15:23:25</code>
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<code class="bash plain">,xxxxxR5H9</code>
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<code class="bash plain">$.</code><code class="bash plain">/mysql</code> <code class="bash plain">-uroot -p</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Enter password:</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Your MySQL connection </code><code class="bash functions">id</code> <code class="bash plain">is 2</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Server version: 5.7.12</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and</code><code class="bash plain">/or</code> <code class="bash plain">its affiliates. All rights reserved.</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and</code><code class="bash plain">/or</code> <code class="bash plain">its</code>
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<code class="bash plain">affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective</code>
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<code class="bash plain">owners.</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Type </code><code class="bash string">'help;'</code> <code class="bash plain">or </code><code class="bash string">'\h'</code> <code class="bash keyword">for</code> <code class="bash plain">help. Type </code><code class="bash string">'\c'</code> <code class="bash plain">to </code><code class="bash functions">clear</code> <code class="bash plain">the current input statement.</code>
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<code class="bash plain">mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD(</code><code class="bash string">'123456'</code><code class="bash plain">);</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)</code>
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<code class="bash plain">mysql> flush privileges;</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)</code>
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<p>
<strong>7.添加远程访问权限</strong></p>
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<code class="bash plain">mysql> use mysql;</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Reading table information </code><code class="bash keyword">for</code> <code class="bash plain">completion of table and column names</code>
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<code class="bash plain">You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Database changed</code>
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<code class="bash plain">mysql> update user </code><code class="bash functions">set</code> <code class="bash plain">host = </code><code class="bash string">'%'</code> <code class="bash plain">where user = </code><code class="bash string">'root'</code><code class="bash plain">;</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0</code>
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<code class="bash plain">mysql> </code><code class="bash functions">select</code> <code class="bash plain">host, user from user;</code>
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<code class="bash plain">+-----------+-----------+</code>
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<code class="bash plain">| host | user |</code>
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<code class="bash plain">+-----------+-----------+</code>
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<code class="bash plain">| % | root |</code>
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<code class="bash plain">| localhost | mysql.sys |</code>
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<code class="bash plain">+-----------+-----------+</code>
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<code class="bash plain">//</code><code class="bash plain">一定要重启才会生效。</code>
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<code class="bash plain">/etc/init</code><code class="bash plain">.d</code><code class="bash plain">/mysqld</code> <code class="bash plain">restart</code>
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<span><strong>遇到的问题：</strong></span></p>
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<strong>找不到mysql.sock，mysql.sock丢失问题解决方法</strong></p>
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<span>连接Mysql时，机器上找不到mysql.sock文件你可以简单地通过重启服务器重新创建得到它。因为服务器在启动时重新创建它。</span></p>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># ./bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql</code>
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<code class="bash plain">2016-06-26 02:47:09 mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize</code>
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<code class="bash plain">2016-06-26 02:47:09 The data directory needs to be specified.</code>
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<strong>解决：</strong>需要新建data目录，指定安装目录(在非默认目录时需要指定，默认路径：/usr/local/mysql，同时需要指定./support-files/mysql.server中的basedir和datadir为相应路径)。</p>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># ./bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.13/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.13/data/</code>
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<code class="bash plain">2016-06-26 02:48:47 mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize</code>
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<code class="bash plain">2016-06-26 02:49:19 The bootstrap log isn't empty:</code>
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<code class="bash plain">2016-06-26 02:49:19 2016-06-26T09:48:50.798592Z 0 --bootstrap is deprecated. Please consider using --initialize instead</code>
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<code class="bash plain">2016-06-26T09:48:50.898732Z 0 Changed limits: max_open_files: 1024 (requested 5000)</code>
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<code class="bash plain">2016-06-26T09:48:50.898778Z 0 Changed limits: table_open_cache: 431 (requested 2000)</code>
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以上报错均因未在mysql.server中指定自定义的路径。</p>
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若是还提示已经有data文件了 删除了它，新建即可</p>
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希望本文所述对大家CentOS服务器维护有所帮助。</p>
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原文链接：http://blog.csdn.net/zl_shitou/article/details/60963379</p>
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