CentOS6.9下NFS服务安装配置教程
<p>服务器环境：CentOS6.9 Linux 2.6.32-696.el6.x86_64</p>
<p>
<strong>安装NFS服务</strong></p>
<p>
nfs客户端和服务端都只需要安装nfs-utils包即可，并且yum安装时会连带安装rpcbind服务</p>
<div class="jb51code">
<div>
<div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_134348">
<div class="toolbar">
<span>?</span>
</div>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr>
<td class="gutter">
<div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div>
</td>
<td class="code">
<div class="container">
<div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
<code class="bash comments"># yum -y install nfs-utils</code>
</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr></tbody></table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="codetool" id="codetool">
<div class="code_n">
<textarea></textarea>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
<strong>开机启动</strong></p>
<div class="jb51code">
<div>
<div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_637690">
<div class="toolbar">
<span>?</span>
</div>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr>
<td class="gutter">
<div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div>
<div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
2</div>
</td>
<td class="code">
<div class="container">
<div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
<code class="bash comments"># chkconfig rpcbind on</code>
</div>
<div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
<code class="bash comments"># chkconfig nfs on</code>
</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr></tbody></table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="codetool" id="codetool">
<div class="code_n">
<textarea></textarea>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
出于运维管理的需要，能够快速查找相关启动的服务，配置chkconfig的同时，追加开机启动脚本</p>
<div class="jb51code">
<div>
<div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_242224">
<div class="toolbar">
<span>?</span>
</div>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr>
<td class="gutter">
<div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div>
<div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
2</div>
<div class="line number3 index2 alt2">
3</div>
</td>
<td class="code">
<div class="container">
<div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
<code class="bash comments"># tail -2 /etc/rc.local</code>
</div>
<div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
<code class="bash plain">/etc/init</code><code class="bash plain">.d</code><code class="bash plain">/rpcbind</code> <code class="bash plain">start </code>
</div>
<div class="line number3 index2 alt2">
<code class="bash plain">/etc/init</code><code class="bash plain">.d</code><code class="bash plain">/nfs</code> <code class="bash plain">start</code>
</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr></tbody></table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="codetool" id="codetool">
<div class="code_n">
<textarea></textarea>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
<strong>配置端口</strong></p>
<p>
nfs除了主程序端口2049和rpcbind的端口111是固定以外，还会使用一些随机端口，以下配置将定义这些端口，以便配置防火墙</p>
<div class="jb51code">
<div>
<div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_551604">
<div class="toolbar">
<span>?</span>
</div>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr>
<td class="gutter">
<div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div>
<div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
2</div>
<div class="line number3 index2 alt2">
3</div>
<div class="line number4 index3 alt1">
4</div>
<div class="line number5 index4 alt2">
5</div>
<div class="line number6 index5 alt1">
6</div>
<div class="line number7 index6 alt2">
7</div>
</td>
<td class="code">
<div class="container">
<div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
<code class="bash comments"># vim /etc/sysconfig/nfs</code>
</div>
<div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
<code class="bash comments">#追加端口配置</code>
</div>
<div class="line number3 index2 alt2">
<code class="bash plain">MOUNT_PORT=4001 </code>
</div>
<div class="line number4 index3 alt1">
<code class="bash plain">STATD_PORT=4002</code>
</div>
<div class="line number5 index4 alt2">
<code class="bash plain">LOCKD_TCPPORT=4003</code>
</div>
<div class="line number6 index5 alt1">
<code class="bash plain">LOCKD_UDPPORT=4004</code>
</div>
<div class="line number7 index6 alt2">
<code class="bash plain">RQUOTAD_PORT=4005</code>
</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr></tbody></table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="codetool" id="codetool">
<div class="code_n">
<textarea></textarea>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
<strong>配置要共享的目录</strong></p>
<div class="jb51code">
<div>
<div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_395653">
<div class="toolbar">
<span>?</span>
</div>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr>
<td class="gutter">
<div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div>
<div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
2</div>
<div class="line number3 index2 alt2">
3</div>
</td>
<td class="code">
<div class="container">
<div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
<code class="bash comments"># mkdir -p /var/nfs/simple-nfs #要共享的目录</code>
</div>
<div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
<code class="bash comments"># vim /etc/exports #配置访问权限</code>
</div>
<div class="line number3 index2 alt2">
<code class="bash plain">/var/nfs/simple-nfs</code> <code class="bash plain">192.168.100.0</code><code class="bash plain">/24</code><code class="bash plain">(rw,async,root_squash)</code>
</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr></tbody></table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="codetool" id="codetool">
<div class="code_n">
<textarea></textarea>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
访问权限：</p>
<p>
rw：read-write，可读写； 注意，仅仅这里设置成读写客户端还是不能正常写入，还要正确地设置共享目录的权限，参考问题7<br>
ro：read-only，只读；<br>
sync：文件同时写入硬盘和内存；<br>
async：文件暂存于内存，而不是直接写入内存；<br>
no_root_squash：NFS客户端连接服务端时如果使用的是root的话，那么对服务端分享的目录来说，也拥有root权限。显然开启这项是不安全的。<br>
root_squash：NFS客户端连接服务端时如果使用的是root的话，那么对服务端分享的目录来说，拥有匿名用户权限，通常他将使用nobody或nfsnobody身份；<br>
all_squash：不论NFS客户端连接服务端时使用什么用户，对服务端分享的目录来说都是拥有匿名用户权限；<br>
anonuid：匿名用户的UID值，通常是nobody或nfsnobody，可以在此处自行设定；<br>
anongid：匿名用户的GID值。</p>
<p>
<strong>配置防火墙</strong></p>
<div class="jb51code">
<div>
<div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_940472">
<div class="toolbar">
<span>?</span>
</div>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr>
<td class="gutter">
<div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div>
<div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
2</div>
<div class="line number3 index2 alt2">
3</div>
<div class="line number4 index3 alt1">
4</div>
<div class="line number5 index4 alt2">
5</div>
<div class="line number6 index5 alt1">
6</div>
<div class="line number7 index6 alt2">
7</div>
</td>
<td class="code">
<div class="container">
<div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
<code class="bash comments"># vim /etc/sysconfig/iptables</code>
</div>
<div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
<code class="bash plain">-A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 111 -j ACCEPT</code>
</div>
<div class="line number3 index2 alt2">
<code class="bash plain">-A INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 111 -j ACCEPT</code>
</div>
<div class="line number4 index3 alt1">
<code class="bash plain">-A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 2049 -j ACCEPT</code>
</div>
<div class="line number5 index4 alt2">
<code class="bash plain">-A INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 2049 -j ACCEPT</code>
</div>
<div class="line number6 index5 alt1">
<code class="bash plain">-A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 4001:4005 -j ACCEPT</code>
</div>
<div class="line number7 index6 alt2">
<code class="bash plain">-A INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 4001:4005 -j ACCEPT</code>
</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr></tbody></table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="codetool" id="codetool">
<div class="code_n">
<textarea></textarea>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
<strong>重启服务和防火墙</strong></p>
<div class="jb51code">
<div>
<div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_768355">
<div class="toolbar">
<span>?</span>
</div>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr>
<td class="gutter">
<div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div>
<div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
2</div>
</td>
<td class="code">
<div class="container">
<div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
<code class="bash comments"># service nfs restart</code>
</div>
<div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
<code class="bash comments"># service iptables restart #或reload</code>
</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr></tbody></table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="codetool" id="codetool">
<div class="code_n">
<textarea></textarea>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
<strong>Linux客户端挂载</strong></p>
<div class="jb51code">
<div>
<div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_971563">
<div class="toolbar">
<span>?</span>
</div>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr>
<td class="gutter">
<div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div>
</td>
<td class="code">
<div class="container">
<div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
<code class="bash comments"># mount -t nfs 192.168.100.110:/var/nfs/simple-nfs /mnt</code>
</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr></tbody></table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="codetool" id="codetool">
<div class="code_n">
<textarea></textarea>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
也可将挂载配置写入fstab文件中，与普通磁盘挂载一样，挂载时同样可以指定权限，只是类型为nfs。</p>
<p>
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。</p>
<p>
原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/st-jun/p/7742560.html</p>
頁:
[1]