CentOS 6.8 NFS 文件共享设置的方法
<p>nfs 文件共享能解决在集群环境下图片、附件等文件共享的问题。</p>
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现在假设有两台机器192.168.1.10和192.168.1.11</p>
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我们将192.168.1.10做为服务端，192.168.1.11作为客户端。</p>
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<strong>一、服务端操作</strong></p>
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1. 检查安装nfs服务</p>
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<code class="bash plain">rpm -qa|</code><code class="bash functions">grep</code> <code class="bash plain">nfs </code>
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<code class="bash plain">rpm -qa|</code><code class="bash functions">grep</code> <code class="bash plain">rpcbind</code>
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若没有这安装nfs-utils和rpcbind</p>
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<code class="bash plain">yum </code><code class="bash functions">install</code> <code class="bash plain">nfs-utils rpcbind</code>
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<img style="max-width:100%!important;height:auto!important;"title="CentOS 6.8 NFS 文件共享设置的方法" alt="CentOS 6.8 NFS 文件共享设置的方法" src="https://zhuji.jb51.net/uploads/img/202305/c8906b20c3ecdd975094f814935a1c13.jpg"><br><img style="max-width:100%!important;height:auto!important;"title="CentOS 6.8 NFS 文件共享设置的方法" alt="CentOS 6.8 NFS 文件共享设置的方法" src="https://zhuji.jb51.net/uploads/img/202305/f31044c8bce3deed90d8c37ee6a8e35b.jpg"></p>
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如上图就是安装成功了。</p>
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<strong>2.设置开机自动启动服务</strong></p>
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<code class="plain plain">chkconfig nfs on </code>
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<code class="plain plain">chkconfig rpcbind on</code>
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<strong>3.启动服务</strong></p>
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<code class="plain plain">service rpcbind start </code>
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<code class="plain plain">service nfs start</code>
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<strong>4.创建共享目录</strong></p>
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mkdir /usr/local/jsp/www</p>
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<strong>5.打开/etc/exports文件</strong></p>
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<code class="plain plain">vi /etc/exports</code>
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加入</p>
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<code class="plain plain">/usr/local/jsp/www *(rw,sync,no_root_squash)</code>
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* ：允许所有的网段访问<br>
rw ：读写权限<br>
sync：资料同步写入内在和硬盘<br>
no_root_squash：nfs客户端共享目录使用者权限</p>
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如果需要指定只对某个网段(如192.168.1.1~192.168.1.192)可以这样设置</p>
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<code class="plain plain">/usr/local/www/ 192.168.1.*(rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check)</code>
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也可以手动指定多个网段</p>
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<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
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/usr/local/www/ 192.168.1.10(rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check) 192.168.1.11(rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check)</div>
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多目录共享添加多行即可。</p>
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<strong>6.刷新配置立即生效</strong></p>
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<code class="plain plain">exportfs -a</code>
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<p>
此时可用showmount -e 服务端ip来查看可mount目录</p>
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<code class="plain plain">showmount -e 192.168.1.10</code>
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<strong>二、客户端端操作(前四步和服务端一样)</strong></p>
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<strong>1.检查安装nfs</strong></p>
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<code class="bash plain">yum </code><code class="bash functions">install</code> <code class="bash plain">nfs-utils rpcbind</code>
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<strong>2.设置开机自动启动服务</strong></p>
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<code class="plain plain">chkconfig nfs on </code>
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<code class="plain plain">chkconfig rpcbind on</code>
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<strong>3.启动服务</strong></p>
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<code class="plain plain">service rpcbind start </code>
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<code class="plain plain">service nfs start</code>
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<strong>4.创建共享目录</strong></p>
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mkdir /usr/local/jsp/www</p>
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<strong>5.挂载目录</strong></p>
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1)查看可挂载目录</p>
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<code class="plain plain">showmount -e 192.168.1.10</code>
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2)挂载</p>
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<code class="plain plain">mount -t nfs 192.168.1.10:/usr/local/jsp/www /usr/local/jsp/www </code>
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这一命令就已经将10上的/usr/local/jsp/www 目录挂载到客户机的/usr/local/jsp/www目录上了</p>
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挂载超时的话就检查防火墙配置，可 service iptables stop临时关闭防火墙进行测试。</p>
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3)查看已已挂载目录</p>
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<code class="plain plain">df -h</code>
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4)卸载已挂载目录</p>
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<code class="plain plain">umount /usr/local/jsp/www</code>
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<strong>6.设置开机自动挂载</strong></p>
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<code class="plain plain">vi /etc/fstab </code>
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<code class="plain plain">192.168.1.10:/usr/local/jsp/www nfs rw,tcp,intr 0 1</code>
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<strong>三、附录nfs常用参数</strong></p>
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<code class="plain plain">ro 只读访问 </code>
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<code class="plain plain">rw 读写访问sync 所有数据在请求时写入共享 </code>
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<code class="plain plain">async nfs在写入数据前可以响应请求 </code>
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<code class="plain plain">secure nfs通过1024以下的安全tcp/ip端口发送 </code>
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<code class="plain plain">insecure nfs通过1024以上的端口发送 </code>
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<code class="plain plain">wdelay 如果多个用户要写入nfs目录，则归组写入(默认) </code>
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<code class="plain plain">no_wdelay 如果多个用户要写入nfs目录，则立即写入，当使用async时，无需此设置。 </code>
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<code class="plain plain">hide 在nfs共享目录中不共享其子目录 </code>
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<code class="plain plain">no_hide 共享nfs目录的子目录 </code>
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<code class="plain plain">subtree_check 如果共享/usr/bin之类的子目录时，强制nfs检查父目录的权限(默认) </code>
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<code class="plain plain">no_subtree_check 和上面相对，不检查父目录权限 </code>
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<code class="plain plain">all_squash 共享文件的uid和gid映射匿名用户anonymous，适合公用目录。 </code>
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<code class="plain plain">no_all_squash 保留共享文件的uid和gid(默认) </code>
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<code class="plain plain">root_squash root用户的所有请求映射成如anonymous用户一样的权限(默认) </code>
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<code class="plain plain">no_root_squas root用户具有根目录的完全管理访问权限 </code>
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<code class="plain plain">anonuid=xxx 指定nfs服务器/etc/passwd文件中匿名用户的uid </code>
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<code class="plain plain">anongid=xxx 指定nfs服务器/etc/passwd文件中匿名用户的gid</code>
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<p>
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。</p>
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原文链接：http://blog.csdn.net/supercrsky/article/details/79075207</p>
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