详解Linux运维CentOS系统SVN双备份Shell脚本
<p><strong>前言</strong></p>
<p>
SVN是Subversion的简称，是一个开放源代码的版本控制系统，采用了分支管理系统。说得简单一点SVN就是用于多个人共同开发同一个项目，共用资源的目的。</p>
<p>
作为一个代码管理工具，备份操作显得尤为重要，这里采取这样的备份策略：在执行本地备份的同时，让Shell脚本自动上传数据到另一台FTP备份服务器中，这种异地备份策略成本比较小，无需存储，而且安全系统高，想到与双备份，本地和异地同时出现数据损坏的概率是低很多的。</p>
<p>
<strong>备份策略说明</strong></p>
<p>
使用CentOS 6系列系统，安装vsftpd，修改配置参数。此外vsftpd的备份目录可以做RAID1或RAID5。<br>
执行脚本将svn项目进行本地目录备份，然后将备份文件上传到FTP服务器上，已实现双备份。</p>
<p>
<strong>备份步骤</strong></p>
<p>
安装并配置vsftpd</p>
<p>
使用yum直接安装即可。</p>
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<code class="bash plain">yum -y </code><code class="bash functions">install</code> <code class="bash plain">vsftpd</code>
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修改配置，由于要进行上传操作，所以要允许用户上传。为安全性考虑，不建议匿名用户操作。</p>
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修改配置后，将不必要的vsftpd.conf参数屏蔽，显示为：</p>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># grep -v "^#" /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf | grep -v "^$"</code>
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<code class="bash plain">anonymous_enable=NO</code>
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<code class="bash plain">local_enable=YES</code>
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<code class="bash plain">write_enable=YES</code>
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<code class="bash plain">local_umask=022</code>
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<code class="bash plain">dirmessage_enable=YES</code>
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<code class="bash plain">xferlog_enable=YES</code>
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<code class="bash plain">connect_from_port_20=YES</code>
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<code class="bash plain">xferlog_std_format=YES</code>
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<code class="bash plain">chroot_local_user=YES</code>
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<code class="bash plain">listen=YES</code>
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<code class="bash plain">pam_service_name=vsftpd</code>
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<code class="bash plain">userlist_enable=YES</code>
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<code class="bash plain">tcp_wrappers=YES</code>
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<p>
chroot_local_user=YES这条语句需要重点强调一下，其作用是对用户登录权限进行限制，即所有本地用户登录vsftpd时只能在自己的家目录下，这是基于安全的考虑，本实例脚本也会基于这点，要是使用本脚本在实际的生产环境，需要注意该点。</p>
<p>
<strong>创建ftp登录用户</strong></p>
<p>
在备份服务器上创建备份用户，本次创建用户svn，并为其分配密码，还应该将其家目录更改为备份目录，本地备份目录为：/data/backup/svn-backup/,这样更方便备份工作，以下脚本以此类推。</p>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># useradd -d /data/backup/svn-backup/ svn</code>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># echo "svnpasswd" | passwd --stdin svn</code>
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<code class="bash plain">Changing password </code><code class="bash keyword">for</code> <code class="bash plain">user svn.</code>
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<code class="bash functions">passwd</code><code class="bash plain">: all authentication tokens updated successfully.</code>
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<p>
<strong>配置svn仓库</strong></p>
<p>
首先检查操作系统上面是否安装了subversion,一般centos操作系统都默认安装了此软件,如果没有安装使用如下命令快速安装</p>
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<code class="bash plain">rpm -qa subversion</code>
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<code class="bash plain">yum -y </code><code class="bash functions">install</code> <code class="bash plain">subversion</code>
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<code class="bash comments">##创建版本库</code>
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<code class="bash plain">svnadmin create </code><code class="bash plain">/data/svn</code> <code class="bash plain">//</code><code class="bash plain">这里的文件目录自己随便设置 </code>
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<code class="bash comments">##配置svnserve，上述版本库`/data/svn `建立后在文件夹下会生成conf文件夹，进入`/data/svn/conf`下面会有下面3个文件</code>
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<code class="bash plain"></code><code class="bash comments"># ls conf/</code>
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<code class="bash plain">authz </code><code class="bash functions">passwd</code> <code class="bash plain">svnserve.conf </code>
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<code class="bash comments">##需要修改`svnserve.conf`修改以下几个部分：</code>
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<code class="bash plain">anon-access = </code><code class="bash functions">read</code>
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<code class="bash plain">auth-access = write </code>
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<code class="bash plain">password-db = </code><code class="bash functions">passwd</code>
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<code class="bash plain">authz-db = authz </code>
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<code class="bash comments">##修改`passwd`文件为：</code>
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<code class="bash plain">[</code><code class="bash functions">users</code><code class="bash plain">] </code>
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<code class="bash plain">username = password </code><code class="bash plain">//</code><code class="bash plain">这里的username和password自己设置 </code>
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<code class="bash comments">##配置文件`authz`最后加上以下两行(这两行解决了 SVN客户端解决authorization failed问题)</code>
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<code class="bash plain">[/] </code>
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<code class="bash plain">* = rw </code>
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<code class="bash comments">##启动svnserve即可：</code>
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<code class="bash plain">svnserve -d -r </code><code class="bash plain">/home/myrepos/</code>
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<p>
<strong>备份脚本</strong></p>
<p>
本脚本设置轮询周期为30天一次，Shell会自动删除30天以前的文件。在vsftpd建立相应的备份用户svn脚本内容如下：</p>
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<code class="bash preprocessor bold">#!/bin/bash</code>
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<code class="bash plain">SVNDIR=</code><code class="bash string">"/data"</code>
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<code class="bash plain">SVNADMIN=</code><code class="bash string">"/usr/bin/svnadmin"</code>
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<code class="bash plain">DATE=$(</code><code class="bash functions">date</code> <code class="bash plain">+%Y-%m-%d)</code>
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<code class="bash plain">OLDDATE=$(</code><code class="bash functions">date</code> <code class="bash plain">+%Y-%m-%d -d</code><code class="bash string">'30 days'</code><code class="bash plain">)</code>
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<code class="bash plain">BACKDIR=</code><code class="bash string">"/data/backup/svn-backup"</code>
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<code class="bash plain">[ -d ${BACKDIR} ] || </code><code class="bash functions">mkdir</code> <code class="bash plain">-p ${BACKDIR}</code>
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<code class="bash plain">LogFile=${BACKDIR}</code><code class="bash plain">/svnbak</code><code class="bash plain">.log</code>
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<code class="bash plain">[ -f ${LogFile} ] || </code><code class="bash functions">touch</code> <code class="bash plain">${LogFile}</code>
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<code class="bash functions">mkdir</code> <code class="bash plain">${BACKDIR}/${DATE}</code>
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<code class="bash keyword">for</code> <code class="bash plain">PROJECT </code><code class="bash keyword">in</code> <code class="bash plain">svn</code>
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<code class="bash keyword">do</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">cd</code> <code class="bash plain">$SVNDIR</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">$SVNADMIN hotcopy $PROJECT $BACKDIR/$DATE/$PROJECT --clean-logs</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">cd</code> <code class="bash plain">$BACKDIR/$DATE</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">tar</code> <code class="bash plain">zcvf ${PROJECT}_svn_${DATE}.</code><code class="bash functions">tar</code><code class="bash plain">.gz $PROJECT > </code><code class="bash plain">/dev/null</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">rm</code> <code class="bash plain">-rf $PROJECT</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">sleep</code> <code class="bash plain">2</code>
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<code class="bash keyword">done</code>
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<code class="bash plain">HOST=localhost</code>
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<code class="bash plain">FTP_USERNAME=svn</code>
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<code class="bash plain">FTP_PASSWORD=Haiyuan</code>
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<code class="bash functions">cd</code> <code class="bash plain">${BACKDIR}/${DATE}</code>
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<code class="bash functions">ftp</code> <code class="bash plain">-i -n -</code><code class="bash functions">v</code> <code class="bash plain"><<!</code>
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<code class="bash functions">open</code> <code class="bash plain">${HOST}</code>
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<code class="bash plain">user ${FTP_USERNAME} ${FTP_PASSWORD}</code>
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<code class="bash plain">bin</code>
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<code class="bash functions">cd</code> <code class="bash plain">${OLDDATE}</code>
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<code class="bash plain">mdelete *</code>
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<code class="bash functions">cd</code> <code class="bash plain">..</code>
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<code class="bash functions">rmdir</code> <code class="bash plain">${OLDDATE}</code>
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<code class="bash functions">mkdir</code> <code class="bash plain">${DATE}</code>
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<code class="bash functions">cd</code> <code class="bash plain">${DATE}</code>
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<code class="bash plain">mput *</code>
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<code class="bash plain">bye</code>
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<p>
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。</p>
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原文链接：http://blog.csdn.net/ll845876425/article/details/73011761</p>
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