Linux 自动分区、格式化、挂载脚本详解
<p><strong>自动分区、格式化、挂载脚本</strong></p>
<p>
<span>功能：自动检测是否有尚未分区的数据盘，格式化新的数据盘并自动挂载</span></p>
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<strong>解决了什么问题</strong>：一键式检测是否有尚未分区的数据盘，并能对其格式化和自动挂载，省去了复杂的命令和步骤</p>
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执行方法：以root身份执行命令</p>
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<code class="bash plain">wget http:</code><code class="bash plain">//mirrors</code><code class="bash plain">.linuxeye.com</code><code class="bash plain">/scripts/auto_fdisk</code><code class="bash plain">.sh</code>
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<code class="bash functions">chmod</code> <code class="bash plain">+x auto_fdisk.sh</code>
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<code class="bash plain">.</code><code class="bash plain">/auto_fdisk</code><code class="bash plain">.sh</code>
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<strong>结果：</strong>出现如下即自动分区、格式化、挂载成功：</p>
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<img title="Linux 自动分区、格式化、挂载脚本详解" alt="Linux 自动分区、格式化、挂载脚本详解" src="https://zhuji.jb51.net/uploads/img/202305/741f23ee59c27b18041bf5209a079c1b.jpg"></p>
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脚本内容如下：</p>
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<code class="bash preprocessor bold">#!/bin/bash</code>
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<code class="bash comments"># author: yeho <lj2007331 at gmail.com></code>
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<code class="bash comments"># blog: https://blog.linuxeye.com</code>
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<code class="bash comments">#</code>
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<code class="bash comments"># notes: oneinstack for centos/radhat 5+ debian 6+ and ubuntu 12+</code>
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<code class="bash comments">#</code>
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<code class="bash comments"># project home page:</code>
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<code class="bash comments"># http://oneinstack.com</code>
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<code class="bash comments"># https://github.com/lj2007331/oneinstack</code>
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<code class="bash functions">export</code> <code class="bash plain">path=</code><code class="bash plain">/usr/local/sbin</code><code class="bash plain">:</code><code class="bash plain">/usr/local/bin</code><code class="bash plain">:</code><code class="bash plain">/sbin</code><code class="bash plain">:</code><code class="bash plain">/bin</code><code class="bash plain">:</code><code class="bash plain">/usr/sbin</code><code class="bash plain">:</code><code class="bash plain">/usr/bin</code>
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<code class="bash functions">clear</code>
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<code class="bash functions">printf</code> <code class="bash plain">"</code>
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<code class="bash comments">#######################################################################</code>
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<code class="bash comments"># oneinstack for centos/radhat 5+ debian 6+ and ubuntu 12+ #</code>
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<code class="bash comments"># auto fdisk #</code>
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<code class="bash comments"># for more information please visit http://oneinstack.com #</code>
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<code class="bash comments">#######################################################################</code>
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<code class="bash plain">"</code>
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<code class="bash functions">echo</code><code class="bash plain">=</code><code class="bash functions">echo</code>
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<code class="bash keyword">for</code> <code class="bash plain">cmd </code><code class="bash keyword">in</code> <code class="bash functions">echo</code> <code class="bash plain">/bin/echo</code><code class="bash plain">; </code><code class="bash keyword">do</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">$cmd ></code><code class="bash plain">/dev/null</code> <code class="bash plain">2>&1 || </code><code class="bash keyword">continue</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash keyword">if</code> <code class="bash plain">! $cmd -e </code><code class="bash string">""</code> <code class="bash plain">| </code><code class="bash functions">grep</code> <code class="bash plain">-qe </code><code class="bash string">'^-e'</code><code class="bash plain">; </code><code class="bash keyword">then</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">echo</code><code class="bash plain">=$cmd</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash keyword">break</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash keyword">fi</code>
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<code class="bash keyword">done</code>
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<code class="bash plain">csi=$($</code><code class="bash functions">echo</code> <code class="bash plain">-e </code><code class="bash string">"\033["</code><code class="bash plain">)</code>
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<code class="bash plain">cend=</code><code class="bash string">"${csi}0m"</code>
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<code class="bash plain">cdgreen=</code><code class="bash string">"${csi}32m"</code>
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<code class="bash plain">cred=</code><code class="bash string">"${csi}1;31m"</code>
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<code class="bash plain">cgreen=</code><code class="bash string">"${csi}1;32m"</code>
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<code class="bash plain">cyellow=</code><code class="bash string">"${csi}1;33m"</code>
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<code class="bash plain">cblue=</code><code class="bash string">"${csi}1;34m"</code>
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<code class="bash plain">cmagenta=</code><code class="bash string">"${csi}1;35m"</code>
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<code class="bash plain">ccyan=</code><code class="bash string">"${csi}1;36m"</code>
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<code class="bash plain">csuccess=</code><code class="bash string">"$cdgreen"</code>
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<code class="bash plain">cfailure=</code><code class="bash string">"$cred"</code>
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<code class="bash plain">cquestion=</code><code class="bash string">"$cmagenta"</code>
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<code class="bash plain">cwarning=</code><code class="bash string">"$cyellow"</code>
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<code class="bash plain">cmsg=</code><code class="bash string">"$ccyan"</code>
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<code class="bash comments"># check if user is root</code>
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<code class="bash plain">[ $(</code><code class="bash functions">id</code> <code class="bash plain">-u) != </code><code class="bash string">"0"</code> <code class="bash plain">] && { </code><code class="bash functions">echo</code> <code class="bash string">"${cfailure}error: you must be root to run this script${cend}"</code><code class="bash plain">; </code><code class="bash functions">exit</code> <code class="bash plain">1; }</code>
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<code class="bash plain">mount_dir=</code><code class="bash plain">/data</code>
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<code class="bash plain">fstab_file=</code><code class="bash plain">/etc/fstab</code>
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<code class="bash plain">count=0</code>
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<code class="bash plain">tmp1=</code><code class="bash plain">/tmp/</code><code class="bash plain">.tmp1</code>
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<code class="bash plain">tmp2=</code><code class="bash plain">/tmp/</code><code class="bash plain">.tmp2</code>
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<code class="bash plain">> $tmp1</code>
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<code class="bash plain">> $tmp2</code>
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<code class="bash comments"># check lock file, one time only let the script run one time </code>
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<code class="bash plain">lockfile=</code><code class="bash plain">/tmp/</code><code class="bash plain">.$(</code><code class="bash functions">basename</code> <code class="bash plain">$0)</code>
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<code class="bash keyword">if</code> <code class="bash plain">[ -f </code><code class="bash string">"$lockfile"</code> <code class="bash plain">];</code><code class="bash keyword">then</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">echo</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">echo</code> <code class="bash string">"${cwarning}the script is already exist, please next time to run this script${cend}"</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">echo</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">exit</code>
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<code class="bash keyword">else</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">echo</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">echo</code> <code class="bash string">"${cmsg}step 1.no lock file, begin to create lock file and continue${cend}"</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">echo</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">touch</code> <code class="bash plain">$lockfile</code>
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<code class="bash keyword">fi</code>
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<code class="bash comments"># check disk partition</code>
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<code class="bash plain">check_disk() {</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">> $lockfile</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash keyword">for</code> <code class="bash plain">i </code><code class="bash keyword">in</code> <code class="bash plain">`</code><code class="bash functions">fdisk</code> <code class="bash plain">-l | </code><code class="bash functions">grep</code> <code class="bash string">"disk"</code> <code class="bash plain">| </code><code class="bash functions">grep</code> <code class="bash string">"/dev"</code> <code class="bash plain">| </code><code class="bash functions">awk</code> <code class="bash string">'{print $2}'</code> <code class="bash plain">| </code><code class="bash functions">awk</code> <code class="bash plain">-f: </code><code class="bash string">'{print $1}'</code> <code class="bash plain">| </code><code class="bash functions">grep</code> <code class="bash string">"vd"</code><code class="bash plain">`</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash keyword">do</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">device_count=$(</code><code class="bash functions">fdisk</code> <code class="bash plain">-l $i | </code><code class="bash functions">grep</code> <code class="bash string">"$i"</code> <code class="bash plain">| </code><code class="bash functions">awk</code> <code class="bash string">'{print $2}'</code> <code class="bash plain">| </code><code class="bash functions">awk</code> <code class="bash plain">-f: </code><code class="bash string">'{print $1}'</code> <code class="bash plain">| </code><code class="bash functions">wc</code> <code class="bash plain">-l)</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">new_mount=$(</code><code class="bash functions">df</code> <code class="bash plain">-h)</code>
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<div class="line number70 index69 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash keyword">if</code> <code class="bash plain">[ $device_count -lt 2 ];</code><code class="bash keyword">then</code>
</div>
<div class="line number71 index70 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash keyword">if</code> <code class="bash plain">[ -n </code><code class="bash string">"$(echo $new_mount | grep -w "</code><code class="bash plain">$i</code><code class="bash string">")"</code> <code class="bash plain">-o </code><code class="bash string">"$(grep -v '^#' $fstab_file | grep -v ^$ | awk '{print $1,$2,$3}' | grep -w "</code><code class="bash plain">$i</code><code class="bash string">" | awk '{print $2}')"</code> <code class="bash plain">== </code><code class="bash string">'/'</code> <code class="bash plain">-o </code><code class="bash string">"$(grep -v '^#' $fstab_file | grep -v ^$ | awk '{print $1,$2,$3}' | grep -w "</code><code class="bash plain">$i</code><code class="bash string">" | awk '{print $3}')"</code> <code class="bash plain">== </code><code class="bash string">'swap'</code> <code class="bash plain">];</code><code class="bash keyword">then</code>
</div>
<div class="line number72 index71 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">echo</code> <code class="bash string">"${cwarning}the $i disk is mounted${cend}"</code>
</div>
<div class="line number73 index72 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash keyword">else</code>
</div>
<div class="line number74 index73 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">echo</code> <code class="bash plain">$i >> $lockfile</code>
</div>
<div class="line number75 index74 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">echo</code> <code class="bash string">"you have a free disk, now will fdisk it and mount it"</code>
</div>
<div class="line number76 index75 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash keyword">fi</code>
</div>
<div class="line number77 index76 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash keyword">fi</code>
</div>
<div class="line number78 index77 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash keyword">done</code>
</div>
<div class="line number79 index78 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">disk_list=$(</code><code class="bash functions">cat</code> <code class="bash plain">$lockfile)</code>
</div>
<div class="line number80 index79 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash keyword">if</code> <code class="bash plain">[ </code><code class="bash string">"x$disk_list"</code> <code class="bash plain">== </code><code class="bash string">"x"</code> <code class="bash plain">];</code><code class="bash keyword">then</code>
</div>
<div class="line number81 index80 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">echo</code>
</div>
<div class="line number82 index81 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">echo</code> <code class="bash string">"${cwarning}no free disk need to be fdisk. exit script${cend}"</code>
</div>
<div class="line number83 index82 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">echo</code>
</div>
<div class="line number84 index83 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">rm</code> <code class="bash plain">-rf $lockfile</code>
</div>
<div class="line number85 index84 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">exit</code> <code class="bash plain">0</code>
</div>
<div class="line number86 index85 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash keyword">else</code>
</div>
<div class="line number87 index86 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">echo</code> <code class="bash string">"${cmsg}this system have free disk :${cend}"</code>
</div>
<div class="line number88 index87 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash keyword">for</code> <code class="bash plain">i </code><code class="bash keyword">in</code> <code class="bash plain">`</code><code class="bash functions">echo</code> <code class="bash plain">$disk_list`</code>
</div>
<div class="line number89 index88 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash keyword">do</code>
</div>
<div class="line number90 index89 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">echo</code> <code class="bash string">"$i"</code>
</div>
<div class="line number91 index90 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">count=$((count+1))</code>
</div>
<div class="line number92 index91 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash keyword">done</code>
</div>
<div class="line number93 index92 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">[ $count -gt 1 ] && { </code><code class="bash functions">echo</code> <code class="bash string">"${cwarning}this system has at least two free disk, you must manually mount it${cend}"</code><code class="bash plain">; </code><code class="bash functions">exit</code> <code class="bash plain">0; }</code>
</div>
<div class="line number94 index93 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash keyword">fi</code>
</div>
<div class="line number95 index94 alt2">
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
</div>
<div class="line number96 index95 alt1">
<code class="bash comments"># check os</code>
</div>
<div class="line number97 index96 alt2">
<code class="bash plain">check_os() {</code>
</div>
<div class="line number98 index97 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">os_release=$(</code><code class="bash functions">grep</code> <code class="bash string">"aliyun linux release"</code> <code class="bash plain">/etc/issue</code> <code class="bash plain">2></code><code class="bash plain">/dev/null</code><code class="bash plain">)</code>
</div>
<div class="line number99 index98 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">os_release_2=$(</code><code class="bash functions">grep</code> <code class="bash string">"aliyun linux release"</code> <code class="bash plain">/etc/aliyun-release</code> <code class="bash plain">2></code><code class="bash plain">/dev/null</code><code class="bash plain">)</code>
</div>
<div class="line number100 index99 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash keyword">if</code> <code class="bash plain">[ </code><code class="bash string">"$os_release"</code> <code class="bash plain">] && [ </code><code class="bash string">"$os_release_2"</code> <code class="bash plain">];</code><code class="bash keyword">then</code>
</div>
<div class="line number101 index100 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash keyword">if</code> <code class="bash functions">echo</code> <code class="bash string">"$os_release"</code> <code class="bash plain">| </code><code class="bash functions">grep</code> <code class="bash string">"release 5"</code> <code class="bash plain">></code><code class="bash plain">/dev/null</code> <code class="bash plain">2>&1;</code><code class="bash keyword">then</code>
</div>
<div class="line number102 index101 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">os_release=aliyun5</code>
</div>
<div class="line number103 index102 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">modify_env</code>
</div>
<div class="line number104 index103 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash keyword">fi</code>
</div>
<div class="line number105 index104 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash keyword">fi</code>
</div>
<div class="line number106 index105 alt1">
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
</div>
<div class="line number107 index106 alt2">
<code class="bash comments"># install ext4</code>
</div>
<div class="line number108 index107 alt1">
<code class="bash plain">modify_env() {</code>
</div>
<div class="line number109 index108 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">modprobe ext4</code>
</div>
<div class="line number110 index109 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">yum -y </code><code class="bash functions">install</code> <code class="bash plain">e4fsprogs</code>
</div>
<div class="line number111 index110 alt2">
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
</div>
<div class="line number112 index111 alt1">
<code class="bash comments"># fdisk ,formating and create the file system</code>
</div>
<div class="line number113 index112 alt2">
<code class="bash plain">fdisk_fun() {</code>
</div>
<div class="line number114 index113 alt1">
<code class="bash functions">fdisk</code> <code class="bash plain">-s 56 $1 << eof</code>
</div>
<div class="line number115 index114 alt2">
<code class="bash plain">n</code>
</div>
<div class="line number116 index115 alt1">
<code class="bash plain">p</code>
</div>
<div class="line number117 index116 alt2">
<code class="bash plain">1</code>
</div>
<div class="line number118 index117 alt1">
<code class="bash plain">wq</code>
</div>
<div class="line number119 index118 alt2">
<code class="bash plain">eof</code>
</div>
<div class="line number120 index119 alt1">
<code class="bash functions">sleep</code> <code class="bash plain">5</code>
</div>
<div class="line number121 index120 alt2">
<code class="bash plain">mkfs.ext4 ${1}1</code>
</div>
<div class="line number122 index121 alt1">
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
</div>
<div class="line number123 index122 alt2">
<code class="bash comments"># make directory</code>
</div>
<div class="line number124 index123 alt1">
<code class="bash plain">make_dir() {</code>
</div>
<div class="line number125 index124 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">echo</code> <code class="bash string">"${cmsg}step 4.begin to make directory${cend}"</code>
</div>
<div class="line number126 index125 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">[ -d </code><code class="bash string">"$mount_dir"</code> <code class="bash plain">] && </code><code class="bash functions">mv</code> <code class="bash plain">${mount_dir}{,_bk}</code>
</div>
<div class="line number127 index126 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">mkdir</code> <code class="bash plain">-p $mount_dir</code>
</div>
<div class="line number128 index127 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">echo</code> <code class="bash string">"$mount_dir"</code> <code class="bash plain">>> $tmp1</code>
</div>
<div class="line number129 index128 alt2">
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
</div>
<div class="line number130 index129 alt1">
<code class="bash comments"># config /etc/fstab and mount device</code>
</div>
<div class="line number131 index130 alt2">
<code class="bash plain">main() {</code>
</div>
<div class="line number132 index131 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash keyword">for</code> <code class="bash plain">i </code><code class="bash keyword">in</code> <code class="bash plain">`</code><code class="bash functions">echo</code> <code class="bash plain">$disk_list`</code>
</div>
<div class="line number133 index132 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash keyword">do</code>
</div>
<div class="line number134 index133 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">echo</code>
</div>
<div class="line number135 index134 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">echo</code> <code class="bash string">"${cmsg}step 3.begin to fdisk free disk${cend}"</code>
</div>
<div class="line number136 index135 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">[ -n </code><code class="bash string">"`df -h | grep ${i}1`"</code> <code class="bash plain">] && { </code><code class="bash functions">echo</code> <code class="bash string">"${cfailure}the ${i}1 already mount${cend}"</code><code class="bash plain">; </code><code class="bash functions">echo</code><code class="bash plain">; </code><code class="bash functions">exit</code> <code class="bash plain">0; }</code>
</div>
<div class="line number137 index136 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">fdisk_fun $i > </code><code class="bash plain">/dev/null</code> <code class="bash plain">2>&1</code>
</div>
<div class="line number138 index137 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">echo</code>
</div>
<div class="line number139 index138 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">echo</code> <code class="bash string">"${i}1"</code> <code class="bash plain">>> $tmp2</code>
</div>
<div class="line number140 index139 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash keyword">done</code>
</div>
<div class="line number141 index140 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">make_dir</code>
</div>
<div class="line number142 index141 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">> $lockfile</code>
</div>
<div class="line number143 index142 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">paste</code> <code class="bash plain">$tmp2 $tmp1 > $lockfile</code>
</div>
<div class="line number144 index143 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">echo</code>
</div>
<div class="line number145 index144 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">echo</code> <code class="bash string">"${cmsg}step 5.begin to write configuration to /etc/fstab and mount device${cend}"</code>
</div>
<div class="line number146 index145 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash keyword">while</code> <code class="bash functions">read</code> <code class="bash plain">a b</code>
</div>
<div class="line number147 index146 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash keyword">do</code>
</div>
<div class="line number148 index147 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">[ -z </code><code class="bash string">"`grep ^${a} $fstab_file`"</code> <code class="bash plain">-a -z </code><code class="bash string">"`grep ${b} $fstab_file`"</code> <code class="bash plain">] && </code><code class="bash functions">echo</code> <code class="bash string">"${a} $b ext4 defaults 0 0"</code> <code class="bash plain">>> $fstab_file</code>
</div>
<div class="line number149 index148 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash keyword">done</code> <code class="bash plain">< $lockfile</code>
</div>
<div class="line number150 index149 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">mount</code> <code class="bash plain">-a</code>
</div>
<div class="line number151 index150 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">echo</code>
</div>
<div class="line number152 index151 alt1">
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
</div>
<div class="line number153 index152 alt2">
<code class="bash comments"># start script</code>
</div>
<div class="line number154 index153 alt1">
<code class="bash functions">echo</code> <code class="bash string">"${cmsg}step 2.begin to check free disk${cend}"</code>
</div>
<div class="line number155 index154 alt2">
<code class="bash comments">#service mysqld stop</code>
</div>
<div class="line number156 index155 alt1">
<code class="bash comments">#mv /data /root</code>
</div>
<div class="line number157 index156 alt2">
<code class="bash plain">check_os</code>
</div>
<div class="line number158 index157 alt1">
<code class="bash plain">check_disk</code>
</div>
<div class="line number159 index158 alt2">
<code class="bash plain">main</code>
</div>
<div class="line number160 index159 alt1">
<code class="bash functions">df</code> <code class="bash plain">-h</code>
</div>
<div class="line number161 index160 alt2">
<code class="bash comments">#mv /root/data/* /data</code>
</div>
<div class="line number162 index161 alt1">
<code class="bash comments">#service mysqld start</code>
</div>
<div class="line number163 index162 alt2">
<code class="bash functions">rm</code> <code class="bash plain">-rf $lockfile $tmp1 $tmp2</code>
</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr></tbody></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
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