Linux Centos 下使用yum 命令安装mysql实现步骤
<p><strong>Linux Centos 下使用yum 命令安装mysql实现步骤</strong></p>
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<strong>1. 查看服务器中有没有安装过Mysql</strong></p>
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<code class="bash plain">1. 查看有没有安装包:</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">yum list mysql*</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash comments">#移除已经安装的mysql</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">yum remove mysql mysql-server mysql-libs compat-mysql51</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">rm</code> <code class="bash plain">-rf </code><code class="bash plain">/var/lib/mysql</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash functions">rm</code> <code class="bash plain">/etc/my</code><code class="bash plain">.cnf</code>
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<code class="bash plain">2. 查看是否还有mysql软件:</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">rpm -qa|</code><code class="bash functions">grep</code> <code class="bash plain">mysql</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash comments">#如果有的话,继续删除</code>
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<code class="bash plain">3. 安装mysql客户端</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">yum </code><code class="bash functions">install</code> <code class="bash plain">mysql-server </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">yum </code><code class="bash functions">install</code> <code class="bash plain">mysql-devel</code>
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<strong>2. 启动&&停止 数据库字符集设置</strong></p>
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<code class="bash plain">1. 配置mysql文件:</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">> </code><code class="bash functions">cd</code> <code class="bash plain">/etc/my</code><code class="bash plain">.cnf </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash comments"># 加入配置参数</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">> character-</code><code class="bash functions">set</code><code class="bash plain">-server=utf8 </code>
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<code class="bash plain">2. 启动mysql服务</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">> service mysqld start</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash comments">#或者下面这个</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">></code><code class="bash plain">/etc/init</code><code class="bash plain">.d</code><code class="bash plain">/mysqld</code> <code class="bash plain">start</code>
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<code class="bash plain">3. 设置开机启动</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">>chkconfig --add mysqld</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">>chkconfig mysqld on</code>
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<code class="bash plain">4. 查看开机启动设置是否成功</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">>chkconfig --list | </code><code class="bash functions">grep</code> <code class="bash plain">mysql* </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash comments"># mysqld 0:关闭 1:关闭 2:启用 3:启用 4:启用 5:启用 6:关闭停止</code>
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<strong>3. 登录 mysql</strong></p>
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<code class="bash plain">>mysql -u root -p</code>
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<code class="bash comments">#如果忘记密码解决,查看下面的问题</code>
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<strong>4. 远程访问 开放防火墙的端口号mysql</strong></p>
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<code class="bash plain">1.增加权限</code>
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<code class="bash comments"># mysql库中的user表新增一条记录host为“%”，user为“root”</code>
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<strong>5. Linux MySQL 几个重要 的目录</strong></p>
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<code class="bash plain">数据库目录 </code><code class="bash plain">/var/lib/mysql/</code>
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<code class="bash plain">配置文件 </code><code class="bash plain">/usr/share</code> <code class="bash plain">/mysql</code><code class="bash plain">（mysql.server命令及配置文件）</code>
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<code class="bash plain">相关命令 </code><code class="bash plain">/usr/bin</code><code class="bash plain">（mysqladmin mysqldump等命令）</code>
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<code class="bash plain">启动脚本 </code><code class="bash plain">/etc/rc</code><code class="bash plain">.d</code><code class="bash plain">/init</code><code class="bash plain">.d/（启动脚本文件mysql的目录）</code>
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<strong>6.删除mysql数据库</strong></p>
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<code class="bash comments">#如果使用的是yum安装的mysql,需要删除的话,就是用如下命令:</code>
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<code class="bash plain">> yum -y remove mysql*</code>
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<code class="bash comments"># 然后将/var/lib/mysql文件夹下的所有文件都删除干净</code>
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<code class="bash comments"># 然后在重新执行上面的安装步骤</code>
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<strong>7.授权用户从远程登录</strong></p>
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<code class="bash plain">注意:下面两个步骤都需要执行.步骤一,只是修改了用户的密码.但是并没有对用户进行授权;步骤二的作用就是授权,让用户可以指定权限(连接诶数据库,查询数据库...)</code>
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<code class="bash plain">1. 改表法。可能是你的帐号不允许从远程登陆，只能在localhost。这个时候只要在localhost的那台电脑，登入mysql后，更改 </code><code class="bash string">"mysql"</code> <code class="bash plain">数据库里的 </code><code class="bash string">"user"</code> <code class="bash plain">表里的 </code><code class="bash string">"host"</code> <code class="bash plain">项，从</code><code class="bash string">"localhost"</code><code class="bash plain">改称</code><code class="bash string">"%"</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">mysql -u root -pvmware;</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">mysql>use mysql;</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">mysql>update user </code><code class="bash functions">set</code> <code class="bash plain">host = </code><code class="bash string">'%'</code> <code class="bash plain">where user = </code><code class="bash string">'root'</code><code class="bash plain">;</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">mysql></code><code class="bash functions">select</code> <code class="bash plain">host, user from user;</code>
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<code class="bash plain">2. 授权法。例如，你想myuser使用mypassword从任何主机连接到mysql服务器的话。</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO </code><code class="bash string">'myuser'</code><code class="bash plain">@</code><code class="bash string">'%'</code> <code class="bash plain">IDENTIFIED BY </code><code class="bash string">'mypassword'</code> <code class="bash plain">WITH GRANT OPTION;</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">如果你想允许用户myuser从ip为192.168.1.3的主机连接到mysql服务器，并使用mypassword作为密码 </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO </code><code class="bash string">'myuser'</code><code class="bash plain">@</code><code class="bash string">'192.168.1.3'</code> <code class="bash plain">IDENTIFIED BY </code><code class="bash string">'mypassword'</code> <code class="bash plain">WITH GRANT OPTION;</code>
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<strong>8.注意</strong></p>
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<code class="bash plain">注意:</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">1.【下面这一句一定要执行，否则还是无法登陆】 </code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">mysql>flush privileges ;</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">2.如果用户无法从本地登陆，这个时候就执行如下</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO </code><code class="bash string">'root'</code><code class="bash plain">@</code><code class="bash string">'localhost.localdomain'</code> <code class="bash plain">IDENTIFIED BY </code><code class="bash string">'123456'</code> <code class="bash plain">WITH GRANT OPTION;</code>
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<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash comments"># flush privileges ;</code>
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