Thrift的安装方法和简单实例

真敢拉呱 發表於 2024-3-29 00:00:00

<p>
本文只是简单的讲解Thrift开源框架的安装和简单使用示例，对于详细的讲解，后面在进行阐述。</p>
<p>
<span><strong>Thrift简述   </strong></span></p>
<p>
Thrift是一款由Fackbook开发的可伸缩、跨语言的服务开发框架，该框架已经开源并且加入的Apache项目。Thrift主要功能是：通过自定义的Interface Definition Language(IDL)，可以创建基于RPC的客户端和服务端的服务代码。服务代码的生成是通过Thrift内置的代码生成器来实现的。Thrift 的跨语言性体现在，它可以生成C++, Java, Python, PHP, Ruby, Erlang, Perl, Haskell, C#, Cocoa, JavaScript, Node.js, Smalltalk, OCaml , Delphi等语言的代码，且它们之间可以进行透明的通信。</p>
<p>
<span><strong>Thrift的安装 </strong></span></p>
<p>
安装版本为：Thrift v0.9.1</p>
<p>
系统版本：Ubuntu 14.04 64位</p>
<p>
<span><strong>基本安装环境：</strong></span></p>
<p>
g++ 4.2<br>
boost 1.53.0<br>
libssl-dev</p>
<p>
Thrift的编译器即代码生成器是由C++编写的，所以需要g++来进行编译安装，且Thrift源码中用到了boost库中相关实现，例如shared_ptr，所以要事先安装boost库。</p>
<p>
Thrift通信过程中使用ssl对数据进行安全包含，如果为安装该库，会在configure时出现configure: error: "Error: libcrypto required."</p>
<p>
Thrift提供了，TThreadSever, TThreadPoolServer, TNonblockingServer四种服务器框架，TSimpleServer以单一主线程阻塞的方式进行事件处理，TThreadPoolServer以多线程阻塞的方式提供服务，TNonblockingServer以多线程非阻塞方式工作。 TNonblockingServer服务模型的使用需要事先安装libevent，libevent-dev库，libevent是异步事件处理的程序库，其包含我们常用的poll，select，epoll等异步处理函数。</p>
<p>
<span><strong>安装步骤：</strong></span></p>
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<code class="xhtml plain">$./configure </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">$make </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">#sudo make install</code>
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<p>
configure的结果最后一部分如下，其中<strong>Build TNonblockingServer .. : yes</strong>的结果对于使用异步的服务器模型是必须的。</p>
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<code class="xhtml plain">anonymalias@anonymalias-Rev-1-0:~/download/thrift-0.9.1$./configure </code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">...... </code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">thrift 0.9.1 </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces">  </code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">Building C++ Library ......... : yes </code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">Building C (GLib) Library .... : no </code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">Building Java Library ........ : no </code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">Building C# Library .......... : no </code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">Building Python Library ...... : yes </code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">Building Ruby Library ........ : no </code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">Building Haskell Library ..... : no </code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">Building Perl Library ........ : no </code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">Building PHP Library ......... : no </code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">Building Erlang Library ...... : no </code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">Building Go Library .......... : no </code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">Building D Library ........... : no </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces">  </code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">C++ Library: </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces">  </code><code class="xhtml plain">Build TZlibTransport ...... : yes </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces">  </code><code class="xhtml plain">Build TNonblockingServer .. : yes </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces">  </code><code class="xhtml plain">Build TQTcpServer (Qt) .... : no </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces">  </code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">Python Library: </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces">  </code><code class="xhtml plain">Using Python .............. : /usr/bin/python </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces">  </code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">If something is missing that you think should be present, </code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">please skim the output of configure to find the missing </code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">component. Details are present in config.log.</code>
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<p>
在本人电脑上make的时候会出现下面的bug，</p>
<p>
<span><strong>ar: .libs/ThriftTest_constants.o: No such file or directory</strong></span></p>
<p>
不知道Makefile如何生成的，导致上面这个编译文件路径有问题，解决方法有下面两种：</p>
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<code class="xhtml plain">method1： </code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">解决的方法时直接从Github(git://git.apache.org/thrift.git)上git clone 源码，先运行./bootstrap.sh，在按照configure安装。 </code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">method2： </code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">可以将已经编译的test/cpp/*.o复制到test/cpp/.libs后，继续编译就可以了 </code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">cp test/cpp/*.o test/cpp/.libs/</code>
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<p>
<span><strong>Thrift的简单示例 </strong></span></p>
<p>
首先创建Thrift的语法规则文件，命名为server.thrift，内容如下：</p>
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<code class="xhtml plain">struct message </code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">{ </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces">  </code><code class="xhtml plain">1:i32 seqId, </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces">  </code><code class="xhtml plain">2:string content </code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">} </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces">  </code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">service serDemo </code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">{ </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces">  </code><code class="xhtml plain">void put(1:message msg) </code>
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<p>
在shell下面执行执行：<br>
<br><span><strong>thrift -gen cpp server.thrift </strong></span></p>
<p>
该语句用于创建c++服务框架，创建成功后会在该目录下生成gen-cpp文件夹，然后修改该目录下的serDemo_server.skeleton.cpp，在put函数中添加如下代码：</p>
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<code class="xhtml plain">class serDemoHandler : virtual public serDemoIf { </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">public: </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">serDemoHandler() { </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces">  </code><code class="xhtml plain">// Your initialization goes here </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">void put(const message& msg) { </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces">  </code><code class="xhtml plain">// Your implementation goes here </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces">  </code><code class="xhtml plain">printf("receive message: id: %d, content: %s\n", msg.seqId, msg.content.c_str()); </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces"> </code><code class="xhtml plain">}</code>
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然后进行编译就可以了<strong>:g++ -o server *.cpp -lthrift</strong></p>
<p>
上面是server框架的代码，对于client的框架其实已经创建，但是现在需要添加client执行代码，可以在该目录下创建client.cpp，然后输入以下内容，下面的内容可以作为SimpleServer的client的模板，只需修改注释的部分。</p>
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<code class="xhtml plain">// -------------------------替换成对应service名字的.h 文件------------------------ </code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">#include "SerDemo.h"   </code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">//------------------------------------------------------------------------------ </code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">#include <</code><code class="xhtml keyword">transport</code><code class="xhtml plain">/TSocket.h>   </code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">#include <</code><code class="xhtml keyword">transport</code><code class="xhtml plain">/TBufferTransports.h>   </code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">#include <</code><code class="xhtml keyword">protocol</code><code class="xhtml plain">/TBinaryProtocol.h>   </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces">   </code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">using namespace apache::thrift;   </code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">using namespace apache::thrift::protocol;   </code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">using namespace apache::thrift::transport;   </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces">   </code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">using boost::shared_ptr;   </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces">   </code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">int main(int argc, char **argv) {   </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces">  </code><code class="xhtml plain">boost::shared_ptr<</code><code class="xhtml keyword">TSocket</code><code class="xhtml plain">> socket(new TSocket("localhost", 9090));   </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces">  </code><code class="xhtml plain">boost::shared_ptr<</code><code class="xhtml keyword">TTransport</code><code class="xhtml plain">> transport(new TBufferedTransport(socket));   </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces">  </code><code class="xhtml plain">boost::shared_ptr<</code><code class="xhtml keyword">TProtocol</code><code class="xhtml plain">> protocol(new TBinaryProtocol(transport));   </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces">   </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces">  </code><code class="xhtml plain">transport->open();   </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces">   </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces">  </code><code class="xhtml plain">// ----------------------------我们的代码写在这里------------------------------ </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces">  </code><code class="xhtml plain">message msg; </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces">  </code><code class="xhtml plain">msg.seqId = 1; </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces">  </code><code class="xhtml plain">msg.content = "client message";    </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces">  </code><code class="xhtml plain">client.put(msg); </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces">  </code><code class="xhtml plain">//-------------------------------------------------------------------------- </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces">  </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces">  </code><code class="xhtml plain">transport->close();   </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces">   </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces">  </code><code class="xhtml plain">return 0;   </code>
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<code class="xhtml plain">}</code>
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<p>
然后进行编译：<span><strong>g++ -o client *[^n].cpp - lthrift</strong></span>，也可以将<span><strong>serDemo_server.skeleton.cpp</strong></span>移动到其它目录，使用<span><strong>g++ -o client *.cpp - lthrift</strong></span>命令。</p>
<p>
然后就可以执行了，启动server后，启动client，server执行如下：</p>
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<code class="xhtml plain">anonymalias@anonymalias-Rev-1-0:~/code/thriftSerDemo/gen-cpp$ ./server </code>
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<code class="xhtml spaces">  </code><code class="xhtml plain">receive message: id: 1, content: client message</code>
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以上就是小编为大家带来的Thrift的安装方法和简单实例全部内容了，希望大家多多支持~</p>

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Thrift的安装方法和简单实例