浅谈RHEL7和RHEL6的主要变化
<p><span><strong>如下所示：</strong></span></p>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">
<span><strong>浅谈RHEL7和RHEL6的主要变化</strong></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
</td>
<td>
RHEL7</td>
<td>
RHEL6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
文件系统</td>
<td>
XFS</td>
<td>
EXT4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
内核版本</td>
<td>
3.10.x-x系列</td>
<td>
2.6.x-x系列</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
内核名称</td>
<td>
Maipo</td>
<td>
Santiago</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
发布时间</td>
<td>
2014-06-09（3.10.0-123）</td>
<td>
2010-11-09（2.6.32-71）</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
进程名称</td>
<td>
systemd</td>
<td>
init</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
运行级别</td>
<td>
runlevel0.target->poweroff.target<br>
runlevel1.target->rescue.target<br>
runlevel2.target->multi-user.target<br>
runlevel3.target->multi-user.target<br>
runlevel4.target->multi-user.target<br>
runlevel5.target->graphical.target<br>
runlevel6.target->reboot.target<br>
/etc/systemd/system/default.target</td>
<td>
runlevel0<br>
runlevel1<br>
runlevel2<br>
runlevel3<br>
runlevel4<br>
runlevel5<br>
runlevel6<br>
/etc/inittab</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
主机名称</td>
<td>
/etc/hostname</td>
<td>
/etc/sysconfig/network</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
最大文件</td>
<td>
500TB</td>
<td>
16TB</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
检查工具</td>
<td>
xfs.repair</td>
<td>
e2fsck</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
启动工具</td>
<td>
GRUB2</td>
<td>
GRUB0.97</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
服务启动</td>
<td>
Systemd</td>
<td>
Upstart</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
服务管理</td>
<td>
systemctl enable xxx.service<br>
systemctl start xxx.service<br>
systemctl stop xxx.service<br>
systemctl restart xxx.service<br>
兼容chkconfig，service命令</td>
<td>
service enable xxx.service<br>
service stop xxx.service<br>
service start xxx.service<br>
chkconfig --level 3 5 nfs on</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
防火墙</td>
<td>
Firewalld兼容Iptables</td>
<td>
Iptables</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
网络绑定</td>
<td>
Team Driver</td>
<td>
Bonding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
网络时间</td>
<td>
Chrony，ntpd</td>
<td>
ntpd</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
NFS版本</td>
<td>
NFS4.1 支持NFSv3，NFSv4.0，NFSv4.1客户端</td>
<td>
NFS4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
集群管理工具</td>
<td>
Pacemaker</td>
<td>
Rgmanager</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
负载均衡工具</td>
<td>
Keepalived，HAProxy</td>
<td>
Rgmanager</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
桌面环境</td>
<td>
GNOME3,KDE4.10</td>
<td>
GNOME2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
数据库</td>
<td>
MariaDB</td>
<td>
MySQL</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">
RHEL7和RHEL6的管理命令和配置文件的变化</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span>订阅信息</span>
</td>
<td>
<span>RHEL7</span>
</td>
<td>
<span>RHEL6</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
订阅信息工具</td>
<td>
subscription-manager identity</td>
<td>
/etc/sysconfig/rhn/systemid<br>
subscription-manager identity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
配置订阅信息</td>
<td>
subscription-manager rhn_register</td>
<td>
rhn_register rhnreg_ks subscription-manager identity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span>基本配置</span>
</td>
<td>
RHEL7</td>
<td>
RHEL6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
GUI配置工具</td>
<td>
gnome-control-center</td>
<td>
system-config-*</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
网络配置工具</td>
<td>
nmcli nmtui nm-connection-editor</td>
<td>
system-config-network</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
语言配置工具</td>
<td>
localectl</td>
<td>
system-config-language</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
时间配置工具</td>
<td>
timedatectl date</td>
<td>
system-config-date date</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
时间同步</td>
<td>
ntpdate /etc/chrony.conf</td>
<td>
ntpdate /etc/ntp.conf</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
键盘配置</td>
<td>
localectl</td>
<td>
system-config-keyboard</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span>服务管理</span>
</td>
<td>
<span>RHEL7</span>
</td>
<td>
<span>RHEL6</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
服务列表</td>
<td>
systemctl -at service<br>
ls /{usr/lib,etc}/systemd/system/*.service</td>
<td>
chkconfig<br>
ls /etc/init.d/</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
服务启动</td>
<td>
systemctl start name.service</td>
<td>
service name start</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
服务停止</td>
<td>
systemctl stop name.service</td>
<td>
service name stop</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
服务查看</td>
<td>
systemctl status name.service</td>
<td>
service name status</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
服务重启</td>
<td>
systemctl restart name.service</td>
<td>
service name restart</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
服务开机自启</td>
<td>
systemctl enable name.service</td>
<td>
chkconfig name on</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
服务开机不自启</td>
<td>
systemctl disable name.service</td>
<td>
chkconfig name off</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
添加服务</td>
<td>
systemctl daemon-reload</td>
<td>
achkconfig --add</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
服务列表查看</td>
<td>
systemctl -t service --state=active</td>
<td>
service --status-all</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
查看运行级别</td>
<td>
systemctl get-default</td>
<td>
runlevel</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
修改运行级别</td>
<td>
systemctl isolate name.target<br>
init runlevel</td>
<td>
init runlevel</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
日志文件</td>
<td>
/etc/rsyslog.conf<br>
/etc/rsyslog.d/*.conf<br>
/var/log/journal/<br>
/etc/systemd/journald.conf</td>
<td>
/etc/rsyslog.conf</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
查看日志文件</td>
<td>
/var/log/</td>
<td>
/var/log/journalctl</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span>内核硬件</span>
</td>
<td>
RHEL7</td>
<td>
RHEL6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
启动提示符</td>
<td>
append rd.break or init=/bin/bash to kernel cmdline</td>
<td>
append 1 or s or init=/bin/bash to kernel cmdline</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
关闭系统</td>
<td>
systemctl shutdown</td>
<td>
shutdown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
关闭电源</td>
<td>
systemctl poweroff</td>
<td>
poweroff</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
挂起系统</td>
<td>
systemctl halt</td>
<td>
halt</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
重启系统</td>
<td>
systemctl reboot</td>
<td>
reboot</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
修改运行级别</td>
<td>
systemctl set-default</td>
<td>
/etc/inittab</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
配置GRUB</td>
<td>
/etc/default/grub<br>
grub2-mkconfig<br>
grub-set-default</td>
<td>
/boot/grub/grub.conf</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span>软件管理</span>
</td>
<td>
RHEL7</td>
<td>
RHEL6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
安装软件包</td>
<td>
yum install<br>
yum group install</td>
<td>
yum install<br>
yum groupinstall</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
查看软件包</td>
<td>
yum info<br>
yum group info</td>
<td>
yum info<br>
yum groupinfo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span>文件系统</span>
</td>
<td>
RHEL7</td>
<td>
RHEL6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
建立文件系统</td>
<td>
fdisk parted gdisk</td>
<td>
fdisk parted</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
LVM管理</td>
<td>
vgextend lvextend xfs_growfs</td>
<td>
vgextend lvextend resize2fs</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span>网络接口配置</span>
</td>
<td>
RHEL7</td>
<td>
RHEL6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
配置名称</td>
<td>
/etc/hosts<br>
/etc/resolv.conf<br>
nmcli conmod</td>
<td>
/etc/hosts<br>
/etc/resolv.conf</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
主机名称配置</td>
<td>
/etc/hostname<br>
hostnamectl<br>
nmcli</td>
<td>
/etc/sysconfig/network</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
Ip地址配置</td>
<td>
ip addr<br>
nmcli dev<br>
show<br>
teamdctl<br>
brctl<br>
bridge</td>
<td>
ip add<br>
ifconfig<br>
brctl</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
配置防火墙</td>
<td>
firewall-cmd<br>
firewall-config</td>
<td>
iptables&ip6tables<br>
/etc/sysconfig/ip*tables<br>
system-config-firewall</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
查看端口命令</td>
<td>
ss<br>
lsof</td>
<td>
netstat<br>
ss<br>
lsof</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>
以上就是小编为大家带来的浅谈RHEL7和RHEL6的主要变化全部内容了，希望大家多多支持~</p>
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