CentOS 7配置LNMP开发环境及配置文件管理详解
<p><span><strong>安装并配置MySQL 5.6</strong></span></p>
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从CentOS从7.x开始默认使用MariaDB。MariaDB完全兼容MySQL，包括API和命令行。但是很多时候我们还是会想要安装MySQL，所以不能直接通过yum命令安装。</p>
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下载源安装文件</p>
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<code class="bash plain">wget http:</code><code class="bash plain">//repo</code><code class="bash plain">.mysql.com</code><code class="bash plain">//mysql57-community-release-el7-8</code><code class="bash plain">.noarch.rpm</code>
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本地安装rpm包（配置MySQL安装源）</p>
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<code class="bash plain">yum -y localinstall mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm</code>
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查看所有MySQL安装源（默认MySQL安装版本5.7）</p>
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<code class="bash plain">yum repolist all | </code><code class="bash functions">grep</code> <code class="bash plain">mysql</code>
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关闭MySQL 5.7安装源</p>
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<code class="bash functions">sudo</code> <code class="bash plain">yum-config-manager --disable mysql57-community</code>
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开启MySQL 5.6安装源</p>
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<code class="bash functions">sudo</code> <code class="bash plain">yum-config-manager --</code><code class="bash functions">enable</code> <code class="bash plain">mysql56-community</code>
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没有yum-config-manager命令可以安装yum install yum-utils.noarch工具 或者编辑/etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo文件enable项为1表示开启，为0表示关闭</p>
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安装MySQL</p>
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<code class="bash plain">yum -y </code><code class="bash functions">install</code> <code class="bash plain">mysql-devel mysql-community-server</code>
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启动MySQL</p>
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<code class="bash plain">systemctl start mysqld.service</code>
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安全配置MySQL</p>
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<code class="bash plain">mysql_secure_installation </code>
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<span><strong>安装并配置PHP 5.6</strong></span></p>
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CentOS 7.1版本中，默认安装PHP为PHP5.4版本，其中php-mysqlnd是PHP源码提供的MYSQL驱动数据库。</p>
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很多时候会对PHP环境要求校新的版本，例如PHP5.6环境，记录一种通过yum工具安装最新PHP版本的方法。首先，需要在系统上安装一个扩展yum源，即epel源。可从http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/EPEL网站下载并安装。(注意：如果文章时间久，就可能需要去重新找新的下载链接。)</p>
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下载源安装文件</p>
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<code class="bash plain">wget https:</code><code class="bash plain">//dl</code><code class="bash plain">.fedoraproject.org</code><code class="bash plain">/pub/epel/7/x86_64/e/epel-release-7-8</code><code class="bash plain">.noarch.rpm</code>
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本地安装（和上面MySQL安装源命令类似）</p>
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<code class="bash plain">rpm -ivh epel-release-7-8.noarch.rpm</code>
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接着，还需要一个REMI源，这个yum源提供了最新的PHP版本的下载和安装，它的官网http://rpms.famillecollet.com/。安装REMI源的过程如下。</p>
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导入gpg校验文件</p>
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<code class="bash plain">rpm --</code><code class="bash functions">import</code> <code class="bash plain">http:</code><code class="bash plain">//rpms</code><code class="bash plain">.remirepo.net</code><code class="bash plain">/RPM-GPG-KEY-remi</code>
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下载源安装文件</p>
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<code class="bash plain">wget https:</code><code class="bash plain">//mirrors</code><code class="bash plain">.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn</code><code class="bash plain">/remi/enterprise/remi-release-7</code><code class="bash plain">.rpm </code>
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本地安装</p>
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<code class="bash plain">rpm -Uvh remi-release-7.rpm</code>
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默认情况下，REMI是禁用的，防止多个yum源发生冲突。可以通过命令查看REMI源是否成功安装</p>
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<code class="bash plain">yum repolist disabled | </code><code class="bash functions">grep</code> <code class="bash plain">remi</code>
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通过REMI源安装需要的PHP版本，安装PHP5.6版本。</p>
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<code class="bash plain">yum --enablerepo=remi-php56 </code><code class="bash functions">install</code> <code class="bash plain">php</code>
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安装php-fpm</p>
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<code class="bash plain">yum --enablerepo=remi-php56 </code><code class="bash functions">install</code> <code class="bash plain">php-fpm</code>
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开启php-fpm</p>
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<code class="bash plain">systemctl start php-fpm</code>
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<span><strong>安装并配置Nginx</strong></span></p>
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导入gpg校验文件</p>
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<code class="bash plain">rpm --</code><code class="bash functions">import</code> <code class="bash plain">http:</code><code class="bash plain">//rpms</code><code class="bash plain">.remirepo.net</code><code class="bash plain">/RPM-GPG-KEY-remi</code>
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下载源安装文件（配置Nginx安装源）。可从http://nginx.org/packages/centos/网站下载安装源。(注意：如果文章时间久，就可能需要去重新找新的下载链接。)</p>
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<code class="bash plain">wget http:</code><code class="bash plain">//nginx</code><code class="bash plain">.org</code><code class="bash plain">/packages/centos/7/x86_64/RPMS/nginx-1</code><code class="bash plain">.10.0-1.el7.ngx.x86_64.rpm</code>
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本地安装</p>
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<code class="bash plain">rpm -Uvh nginx-1.10.0-1.el7.ngx.x86_64.rpm</code>
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安装Nginx</p>
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<code class="bash plain">yum </code><code class="bash functions">install</code> <code class="bash plain">nginx</code>
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开启Nginx</p>
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<code class="bash plain">systemctl start nginx</code>
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<strong>Nginx主机配置(设置php-fpm)</strong></p>
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编辑/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf配置文件，并重启。</p>
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<div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
<code class="bash plain">server {</code>
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<div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">listen 80;</code>
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<div class="line number3 index2 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">server_name localhost;</code>
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<div class="line number4 index3 alt1">
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<div class="line number5 index4 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash comments">#charset koi8-r;</code>
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<div class="line number6 index5 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash comments">#access_log /var/log/nginx/log/host.access.log main;</code>
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<div class="line number7 index6 alt2">
</div>
<div class="line number8 index7 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">root </code><code class="bash plain">/usr/share/nginx/html</code><code class="bash plain">;</code>
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<div class="line number9 index8 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">index index.html index.htm index.php;</code>
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<div class="line number10 index9 alt1">
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<div class="line number11 index10 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash comments">#error_page 404 /404.html;</code>
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<div class="line number12 index11 alt1">
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<div class="line number13 index12 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash comments"># redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html</code>
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<div class="line number14 index13 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash comments">#</code>
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<div class="line number15 index14 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">error_page 500 502 503 504 </code><code class="bash plain">/50x</code><code class="bash plain">.html;</code>
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<div class="line number16 index15 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">location = </code><code class="bash plain">/50x</code><code class="bash plain">.html {</code>
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<div class="line number17 index16 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">root </code><code class="bash plain">/usr/share/nginx/html</code><code class="bash plain">;</code>
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<div class="line number18 index17 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">}</code>
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<div class="line number19 index18 alt2">
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<div class="line number20 index19 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash comments"># proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80</code>
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<div class="line number21 index20 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash comments">#</code>
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<div class="line number22 index21 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash comments">#location ~ \.php$ {</code>
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<div class="line number23 index22 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash comments"># proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;</code>
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<div class="line number24 index23 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash comments">#}</code>
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<div class="line number25 index24 alt2">
</div>
<div class="line number26 index25 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash comments"># pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000</code>
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<div class="line number27 index26 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash comments">#</code>
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<div class="line number28 index27 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">location ~ \.php$ {</code>
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<div class="line number29 index28 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">root html;</code>
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<div class="line number30 index29 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;</code>
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<div class="line number31 index30 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">fastcgi_index index.php;</code>
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<div class="line number32 index31 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME </code><code class="bash plain">/usr/share/nginx/html</code><code class="bash plain">$fastcgi_script_name;</code>
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<div class="line number33 index32 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">include fastcgi_params;</code>
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<div class="line number34 index33 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">}</code>
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<div class="line number35 index34 alt2">
</div>
<div class="line number36 index35 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash comments"># deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root</code>
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<div class="line number37 index36 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash comments"># concurs with nginx's one</code>
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<div class="line number38 index37 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash comments">#</code>
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<div class="line number39 index38 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash comments">#location ~ /\.ht {</code>
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<div class="line number40 index39 alt1">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash comments"># deny all;</code>
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<div class="line number41 index40 alt2">
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash comments">#}</code>
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<div class="line number42 index41 alt1">
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
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<p>
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。</p>
<p>
原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/wxw16/p/6257659.html</p>
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