CentOS 6.3编译安装LAMP环境笔记
<p>最近抽空在虚拟机上测试成功了lamp各个最新版本的整合编译安装,算是把之前的博文整合精简,以下内容均在centos6.3(安装minimal desktop和默认开发包)下测试安装成功,并做了相应优化配置,如有遗漏,还请留言指教。<br>
<br>
linux操作系统:centos6.3 64bit(安装了系统默认开发包)<br>
apache:httpd-2.4.4<br>
mysql:mysql-5.6.10<br>
php:php-5.4.13<br>
注:推荐安装centos6.3系统时,在系统安装向导中。将默认开发包勾上,避免后期编译报错</p>
<p>
<strong>一.安装开发包(使用默认centos更新源):</strong></p>
<p>
</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code23957">
<br>
# yum -y install wget gcc-c++ ncurses ncurses-devel cmake make perl bison openssl openssl-devel gcc* libxml2 libxml2-devel curl-devel libjpeg* libpng* freetype*</div>
<p>
</p>
<p>
<strong>二.关闭iptables和selinux</strong></p>
<p>
</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code15671">
<br>
# service iptables stop<br>
# setenforce 0<br>
# vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux<br>
---------------<br>
selinux=disabled<br>
---------------</div>
<p>
</p>
<p>
<strong>三.安装mysql数据库</strong></p>
<p>
1.下载编译包:</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code93645">
<br>
# wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/downloads/mysql-5.6/mysql-5.6.13.tar.gz/from/http://cdn.mysql.com/</div>
<p>
<br>
<br>
2.安装前的初始配置工作:</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code33166">
<br>
# useradd -d /usr/local/mysql/ mysql #创建一个mysql用户,指定家目录到/use/local目录下。<br>
# mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data <br>
# mkdir /usr/local/mysql/log #新建mysql下data和log子目录<br>
# chown -r mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/data/<br>
# chown -r mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/log/<br>
# chmod 750 /usr/local/mysql/data <br>
# chmod 750 /usr/local/mysql/log #修改目录的所属者以及所属组</div>
<p>
<br>
3.解包编译安装</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code14603">
<br>
# tar -zxv -f mysql-5.6.10.tar.gz <br>
# cd mysql-5.6.10 <br>
# cmake -dcmake_install_prefix=/usr/local/mysql \<br>
-dmysql_unix_addr=/tmp/mysql.sock \<br>
-ddefault_charset=gbk \<br>
-ddefault_collation=gbk_chinese_ci \<br>
-dextra_charsets=all \<br>
-dwith_myisam_storage_engine=1 \<br>
-dwith_innobase_storage_engine=1 \<br>
-dwith_archive_storage_engine=1 \<br>
-dwith_blackhole_storage_engine=1 \<br>
-dwith_memory_storage_engine=1 \<br>
-dwith_federated_storage_engine=1 \<br>
-dwith_readline=1 \<br>
-denabled_local_infile=1 \<br>
-dmysql_datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data \<br>
-dmysql_user=mysql \<br>
-dmysql_tcp_port=3306 \<br>
-dsysconfdir=/etc \<br>
-dwith_ssl=yes<br>
<br>
# make & make install</div>
<p>
<br>
编译注解:</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code96849">
<br>
-dcmake_install_prefix=/usr/local/mysql \ #安装目录<br>
-dmysql_unix_addr=/tmp/mysql.sock \ #unix socket文件路径,自定义此路径防报错<br>
-ddefault_charset=gbk \ #默认字符<br>
-ddefault_collation=gbk_chinese_ci \ #校验字符<br>
-dextra_charsets=all \ #安装所有扩展字符集<br>
-dwith_myisam_storage_engine=1 \ #安装myisam存储引擎<br>
-dwith_innobase_storage_engine=1 \ #安装innodb存储引擎<br>
-dwith_archive_storage_engine=1 \ #安装archive存储引擎<br>
-dwith_blackhole_storage_engine=1 \ #安装blackhole存储引擎<br>
-dwith_memory_storage_engine=1 \ #安装memory存储引擎<br>
-dwith_federated_storage_engine=1 #安装frderated存储引擎<br>
-dwith_readline=1 \ #快捷键功能<br>
-denabled_local_infile=1 \ #允许从本地导入数据<br>
-dmysql_datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data \ #数据库存放目录<br>
-dmysql_user=mysql \ #数据库属主<br>
-dmysql_tcp_port=3306 \ #数据库端口<br>
-dsysconfdir=/etc \ #mysql配辑文件<br>
-dwith_ssl=yes #数据库ssl</div>
<p>
<br>
4.编写mysql配置项:<br>
# vi /etc/my.cnf</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code23552">
<br>
<br>
<br>
# client #<br>
port = 3306<br>
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
# general #<br>
user = mysql<br>
default_storage_engine = innodb<br>
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock<br>
pid_file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid<br>
<br>
# myisam #<br>
key_buffer_size = 32m<br>
myisam_recover = force,backup<br>
<br>
# safety #<br>
max_allowed_packet = 16m<br>
max_connect_errors = 1000000<br>
skip_name_resolve<br>
sql_mode = strict_trans_tables,error_for_division_by_zero,no_auto_create_user,no_auto_value_on_zero,no_engine_substitution,no_zero_date,no_zero_in_date,only_full_group_by<br>
sysdate_is_now = 1<br>
innodb = force<br>
innodb_strict_mode = 1<br>
<br>
# data storage #<br>
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data<br>
<br>
# binary logging #<br>
log-bin =/usr/local/mysql/log/bin.log<br>
expire_logs_days = 30<br>
sync_binlog = 1<br>
<br>
# caches and limits #<br>
key_buffer = 256m<br>
max_allowed_packet = 32m<br>
sort_buffer_size = 16m<br>
read_buffer_size = 4m<br>
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16m<br>
thread_stack = 8m<br>
tmp_table_size = 32m<br>
max_heap_table_size = 32m<br>
query_cache_type = 1<br>
query_cache_size = 128m<br>
query_cache_limit = 2m<br>
max_connections = 2048<br>
thread_cache_size = 512<br>
open_files_limit = 65535<br>
table_definition_cache = 1024<br>
table_open_cache = 2048<br>
<br>
# innodb #<br>
innodb_log_files_in_group = 2<br>
innodb_log_file_size = 64m<br>
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1<br>
innodb_file_per_table = 1<br>
# 2g这个值配置低的话建议改小即可<br>
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2g<br>
<br>
# logging #<br>
log-error=/usr/local/mysql/log/error.log<br>
general_log=1<br>
general_log_file=/usr/local/mysql/log/mysql.log<br>
slow_query_log=1<br>
slow_query_log_file=/usr/local/mysql/log/slowquery.log<br>
log-output=file<br>
<br>
# 避免mysql的外部锁定,减少出错几率增强稳定性 #<br>
skip-external-locking<br>
<br>
# 禁止sql读取本地文件 #<br>
local-infile=0</div>
<p>
<br>
<br>
5.将mysql的库文件路径加入系统的库文件搜索路径中</p>
<p>
</p>
<p>
方法一:直接做软链接</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code43442">
<br>
# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql /usr/lib/mysql</div>
<p>
<br>
方法二:利用ldconfig导入系统库(推荐)</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code10330">
<br>
# echo "/usr/local/mysql/lib" >> /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf<br>
# ldconfig</div>
<p>
</p>
<p>
6.输出mysql的头文件到系统头文件</p>
<p>
</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code9667">
<br>
# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/include/mysql /usr/include/mysql</div>
<p>
</p>
<p>
7.进入安装路径,初始化配置脚本</p>
<p>
</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code92963">
# cd /usr/local/mysql<br>
# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data</div>
<p>
</p>
<p>
8.复制mysql启动脚本到系统服务目录</p>
<p>
</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code66664">
# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld</div>
<p>
</p>
<p>
9.系统启动项相关配置</p>
<p>
</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code19002">
# chkconfig --add mysqld #添加开机启动服务<br>
# chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on #设置mysql启动</div>
<p>
</p>
<p>
10.启动mysql</p>
<p>
</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code61987">
<br>
# service mysqld start</div>
<p>
<br>
注:编译时若socket路径自定义为/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock,这里需要创建一个mysql接口的软链接,防止登陆后台或安装论坛报错.</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code86149">
<br>
# ln -s /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock </div>
<p>
</p>
<p>
11. 设置初始账户,并登陆后台:</p>
<p>
</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code13662">
<br>
# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 123456 #设置密码<br>
# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p123456 #连接数据库<br>
-----------------------------------<br>
mysql> create database phpwind; #创建数据库<br>
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by '123456' with grant option; #给root用户非本地链接所有权限,并改密码和赋予其给其他人下发权限.<br>
mysql> show variables; #查看mysql设置.<br>
-----------------------------------</div>
<p>
<br>
注:从启mysql也可使用以下命令开启此服务</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code78009">
<br>
# /usr/local/mysql/bin/safe_mysqld</div>
<p>
<br>
如果不设置chkconfig启动项,也可在/etc/rc.local下添加如下命令,使mysql服务利用系统启动脚本运行.</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code11525">
<br>
# echo "/usr/local/mysql/bin/safe_mysqld --user=mysql &" >> /etc/rc.local</div>
<p>
</p>
<p>
12 添加mysql命令集到系统全局变量</p>
<p>
注:如果系统之前未安装mysql客户端,可以将编译好的mysql命令集导入系统全局变量<br>
以后就可以直接使用mysql命令集,而不需要使用绝对路径访问.</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code84417">
# echo "path=$path:/usr/local/mysql/bin;export path" >> /etc/profile<br>
# source /etc/profile</div>
<p>
</p>
<p>
<strong>四.安装apache网站服务</strong></p>
<p>
1.pcre依赖包安装</p>
<p>
</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code92299">
<br>
# wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/pcre/files/pcre/8.32/pcre-8.32.tar.gz/download<br>
# tar -xzvf pcre-8.32.tar.gz<br>
# cd pcre-8.32<br>
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre<br>
# make && make install</div>
<p>
</p>
<p>
2.下载apache</p>
<p>
其实这里在apache官网找不到httpd-2.4.4-deps.tar.bz2的编译包,不知道官方怎么想的,最后研究了下最近的2.43deps版本,解压该编译包,发现里面放的其实就是apr和apr-util两个apache的依赖包,现在的方法是直接把2.43的包解压到apache安装根目录即可连同apache编译安装,最后能正常安装使用,算是一个无奈之举,但安装起来较网上单独编译安装依赖包要简便一些.</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code42097">
<br>
# wget http://archive.apache.org/dist/httpd/httpd-2.4.3-deps.tar.bz2<br>
# wget http://archive.apache.org/dist/httpd/httpd-2.4.4.tar.bz2</div>
<p>
</p>
<p>
3.解包</p>
<p>
注:httpd-2.4.3-deps.tar.bz2已集成apr,安装apache前检查pcre是否安装成功.</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code19261">
<br>
# tar jxvf httpd-2.4.4.tar.bz2<br>
# tar jxvf httpd-2.4.3-deps.tar.bz2<br>
# cp -rf httpd-2.4.3/* httpd-2.4.4<br>
# cd httpd-2.4.4</div>
<p>
</p>
<p>
4.伪装apache版本信息</p>
<p>
修改 include/ap_release.h文件 "apache" 参数为 "microsoft-iis/5.0"<br>
修改 os/unix/os.h文件 "unix" 参数为 "win32"</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code14325">
<br>
# cd httpd-2.4.4<br>
# vi include/ap_release.h<br>
#define ap_server_baseproduct "apache"</div>
<p>
<br>
改为</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code2576">
<br>
#define ap_server_baseproduct "microsoft-iis/5.0"<br>
<br>
# vi os/unix/os.h<br>
#define platform "unix"</div>
<p>
<br>
改成</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code37824">
<br>
#define platform "win32"</div>
<p>
<br>
--------------随 笔-----------------<br>
这里走了一些弯路,网上很多资料上写到apache2.4版本打开默认多线程模式时,都是在修改conf/extra/httpd-mpm.conf下prefork mpm处参数,但当我实际操作的时候发现,修改后系统的apache进程并未增加,但在2.2下修改此参数则没有任何问题,最近研究worker模式下才发现到,实际你启用worker模式后,执行此命令</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code32079">
# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl -l</div>
<p>
<br>
返回的结果如下:</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code75872">
core.c<br>
mod_so.c<br>
http_core.c<br>
worker.c</div>
<p>
<br>
看到worker.c,这里就想到是不是使用默认的线程模式显示的*.c的这个*就是apache根目录conf/extra/httpd-mpm.conf下对应的参数,想到这个疑问然后就使用默认线程模式从新编译了下apache,执行命令</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code32079">
# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl -l</div>
<p>
<br>
返回:</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code65191">
<br>
core.c<br>
mod_so.c<br>
http_core.c<br>
event.c</div>
<p>
<br>
ok,到conf/extra/httpd-mpm.conf下,查看有如下几行参数</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code76536">
<br>
<ifmodule mpm_event_module><br>
startservers 3<br>
minsparethreads 75<br>
maxsparethreads 250<br>
threadsperchild 25<br>
maxrequestworkers 400<br>
maxconnectionsperchild 0<br>
</ifmodule></div>
<p>
<br>
将startservers 参数修改成10</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code69059">
# lsof -i:80<br>
# lsof -i:80<br>
command pid user fd type device size/off node name<br>
httpd 1302 root 4u ipv6 106523 0t0 tcp *:http (listen)<br>
httpd 21852 daemon 4u ipv6 106523 0t0 tcp *:http (listen)<br>
httpd 21854 daemon 4u ipv6 106523 0t0 tcp *:http (listen)<br>
httpd 21855 daemon 4u ipv6 106523 0t0 tcp *:http (listen)<br>
httpd 21856 daemon 4u ipv6 106523 0t0 tcp *:http (listen)<br>
httpd 21857 daemon 4u ipv6 106523 0t0 tcp *:http (listen)<br>
httpd 21858 daemon 4u ipv6 106523 0t0 tcp *:http (listen)<br>
httpd 21859 daemon 4u ipv6 106523 0t0 tcp *:http (listen)<br>
httpd 21860 daemon 4u ipv6 106523 0t0 tcp *:http (listen)<br>
httpd 21936 daemon 4u ipv6 106523 0t0 tcp *:http (listen)<br>
httpd 21937 daemon 4u ipv6 106523 0t0 tcp *:http (listen)</div>
<p>
<br>
问题解决,看来2.4版本的apache默认线程是需要修改event参数,这里请注意.<br>
<br>
5.编译安装:</p>
<p>
</p>
<p>
编译默认event mpm模式(推荐)</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code91490">
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2 --enable-so --enable-rewrite --with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre/bin/pcre-config</div>
<p>
<br>
编译worker mpm模式(可选,能正常开启服务,但本人未做过相关网站测试,不推荐生产环境下使用)</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code97640">
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2 --enable-so --enable-rewrite -with-mpm=worker --with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre/bin/pcre-config<br>
<br>
# make && make install<br>
<br>
# 防止apache启动报错.<br>
# vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf<br>
------------------------<br>
servername localhost:80<br>
------------------------</div>
<p>
</p>
<p>
6.启动apache</p>
<p>
</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code26075">
# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start</div>
<p>
<br>
设置开机启动</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code67327">
# echo "/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start" >> /etc/rc.local</div>
<p>
</p>
<p>
</p>
<p>
7.配置apache:</p>
<p>
1).禁止地址目录访问和索引:</p>
<p>
</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code70127">
#vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf</div>
<p>
<br>
搜索 options indexes followsymlinks<br>
将其前面加#注释</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code88285">
-----------------<br>
# options indexes followsymlinks<br>
-----------------</div>
<p>
</p>
<p>
2).隐藏版本号:</p>
<p>
</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code70127">
#vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf</div>
<p>
<br>
加入以下两行:</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code97235">
------------------<br>
servertokens productonly<br>
serversignature off<br>
------------------</div>
<p>
</p>
<p>
3).优化线程数:</p>
<p>
如果apche访问量过大,将会导致页面打开迟缓,下载速度也降低,如果由于经费和环境问题,可以通过对apache2增加模块mpm来进行优化, 这里我选择线程型mpm加以优化:<br>
注:此方法仅对编译安装apache有效:</p>
<p>
a.开启mpm:</p>
<p>
</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code70127">
#vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf</div>
<p>
<br>
找到以下这行内容,去掉注释.</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code84013">
include conf/extra/httpd-mpm.conf (如果没有此段代码可以新加。没有此文件httpd-mpm.conf可以新建,也可以直接加代码到)</div>
<p>
</p>
<p>
b.优化配置:</p>
<p>
</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code20070">
#vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/extra/httpd-mpm.conf</div>
<p>
<br>
找到如下代码,修改成以下参数即可.</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code58782">
# event mpm配置:<br>
------------------------<br>
<ifmodule mpm_event_module><br>
startservers 5<br>
serverlimit 5000<br>
maxclients 4000<br>
minsparethreads 100<br>
maxsparethreads 400<br>
threadlimit 200<br>
threadsperchild 100<br>
maxrequestworkers 400<br>
maxrequestsperchild 100<br>
</ifmodule><br>
------------------------<br>
# worker mpm配置:<br>
-----------------------<br>
<ifmodule mpm_event_module><br>
startservers 5<br>
serverlimit 5000<br>
maxclients 4000<br>
minsparethreads 100<br>
maxsparethreads 400<br>
threadlimit 200<br>
threadsperchild 100<br>
maxrequestworkers 400<br>
maxrequestsperchild 100<br>
</ifmodule><br>
-----------------------<br>
------------------------------------------------------</div>
<p>
</p>
<p>
其中最重要的参数是 threadsperchild和 maxclients:</p>
<p>
</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code95762">
<br>
#threadsperchild<br>
每个子进程建立的线程数,子进程在启动时建立这些线程后就不再建立新的线程了<br>
#maxclients<br>
允许同时伺服的最大接入请求数量(在worker下就是最大线程数量)<br>
#serverlimit:<br>
对最大子进程数的上限,该值必须大于等于maxclients/threadsperchild<br>
#threadlimit:<br>
对threadsperchild的上限,该值必须大于等于 threadsperchild,如果将threadlimit设置成一个高出实际需要很多的threadsperchild值,将会有过多的共享内存被 分配,应当和threadsperchild可能达到的最大值保持一致.<br>
#startservers:<br>
服务器启动时的服务进程数目,该值肯定小于等于serverlimit<br>
#minsparethreads和maxsparethreads:<br>
通过新建或结束子进程的方式,将空闲线程的总数维持在这个范围内<br>
#maxrequestsperchild:<br>
用于控制服务器建立新进程和结束旧进程的频 率,其实是一个为了防止内存溢出的参数,每个子进程在其生存期内允许伺服的最大请求数量。到达maxrequestsperchild的限制后,子进程将 会结束。对于keepalive链接,只有第一个请求会被计数。事实上,它改变了每个子进程限制最大链接数量的行为。</div>
<p>
<br>
可以通过检查httpserver/logs/error_log日志,判断maxclients是否需要增加,如果有报错,就说明apache自上次重启至今,曾经发生过达到maxclients的情况:</p>
<p>
</p>
<p>
4).关闭trace method.</p>
<p>
</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code84822">
#vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf<br>
-----------------------<br>
traceenable off<br>
-----------------------</div>
<p>
</p>
<p>
5).实现service和chkconfig系统控制httpd开启关闭</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code64527">
<br>
# vi /etc/ld.so.conf.d/apache2.4.4.conf<br>
-----------<br>
/usr/local/apache2/lib<br>
------------<br>
# ldconfig<br>
# cp /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl /etc/init.d/httpd<br>
# vi /etc/init.d/httpd</div>
<p>
<br>
在首行#!/bin/sh 下面添加:</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code25411">
----------------<br>
#chkconfig:345 61 61<br>
#description:apache httpd<br>
--------------- <br>
# chkconfig --add httpd<br>
# chkconfig httpd on<br>
# service httpd restart</div>
<p>
</p>
<p>
6).修改log日志格式实现每天保存.</p>
<p>
#vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf<br>
找到customlog和errorlog行,注释掉修改为以下参数</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code42760">
--------------------------------<br>
customlog "|/usr/local/apache2/bin/rotatelogs /usr/local/apache2/logs/%y_%m_%d.access_log 86400 480" combined<br>
errorlog "|/usr/local/apache2/bin/rotatelogs /usr/local/apache2/logs/%y_%m_%d.error_log 86400 480"<br>
---------------------------------</div>
<p>
</p>
<p>
7).修改apache权限:</p>
<p>
</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code43828">
# vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf<br>
------------------<br>
user www<br>
group www<br>
------------------</div>
<p>
</p>
<p>
注:这里其实就相当于用户执行web浏览会触发httpd进程,该进程由于属主属组都为www,所以对属主属组为www的目录都有读写权限,当然前提你的目录u=r+w+x,这样就保证开发人员在执行php语句时能对项目目录下的文件具有读写权限,避免运维人员手动对需要读写的子目录再设置777权限,保证项目顺利实施.</p>
<p>
<strong>五.安装php模块</strong></p>
<p>
1.处理依赖包</p>
<p>
暂无..</p>
<p>
2.安装php</p>
<p>
</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code40624">
# wget http://cn2.php.net/distributions/php-5.4.13.tar.bz2<br>
# tar -jxvf php-5.4.13.tar.bz2<br>
# cd php-5.4.13</div>
<p>
</p>
<p>
此处编译安装了我们项目经常用到的php模块,如有其它需要可以自定义添加.</p>
<p>
</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code50237">
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php5 --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs --with-libxml-dir=/usr/local/lib --with-zlib-dir=/usr/local/lib --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-gd --enable-soap --enable-sockets --enable-xml --enable-mbstring --with-png-dir=/usr/local --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local --with-curl=/usr/lib --with-freetype-dir=/usr/include/freetype2/freetype/ --enable-bcmath --enable-calendar --enable-zip --enable-maintainer-zts<br>
# 注:其中最后一个参数--enable-maintainer-zts在安装php5.4最新版本时必须添加(5.3貌似不需要),表示打开php进程安全thread safe,默认不添加为non thread safe,开启apache服务会报错.....(此处被坑了一下午...#$%^&*)<br>
# make<br>
# make install</div>
<p>
</p>
<p>
安装结束后:</p>
<p>
添加php配置文件,需要cp一个源码里面的php.ini-development或php.ini-production 到/usr/local/php/lib为php.ini</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code21398">
#cd ~/php-5.4.13<br>
#cp php.ini-development /usr/local/php5/lib/php.ini</div>
<p>
<br>
<br>
3.配置apache的php模块:</p>
<p>
</p>
<p>
编辑apache配置文件,</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code7916">
# vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf</div>
<p>
<br>
并添加以下一行:</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code21802">
--------------------------------------------<br>
addtype application/x-httpd-php .php<br>
--------------------------------------------</div>
<p>
<br>
并在 directoryindex 一行后面加上 index.php<br>
如果php无法加载,检查httpd.conf配置下是否有该行配置(默认安装php后会自动将该行写入)</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code80145">
loadmodule php5_module modules/libphp5.so</div>
<p>
<br>
</p>
<p>
</p>
<p>
4.测试php加载:</p>
<p>
注: 编译安装的apache 网页存放路径跟rpm包安装的不一样。编译安装的路径在/usr/local/apache2/htdocs/<br>
可添加以下内容info.php到/usr/local/apache2/htdocs/下,测试php模块是否加载.</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code5116">
# vi /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/info.php<br>
---------------<br>
<?php<br>
echo phpinfo();<br>
?><br>
---------------</div>
<p>
<br>
检查80端口是否打开</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code3644">
# lsof -i:80</div>
<p>
<br>
浏览器输入 http://localhost/info.php<br>
显示有如下测试页面内容,php模块即在apache下加载成功</p>
<p>
</p>
<p>
<img style="max-width:100%!important;height:auto!important;"title="CentOS 6.3编译安装LAMP环境笔记" alt="CentOS 6.3编译安装LAMP环境笔记" src="https://zhuji.jb51.net/uploads/img/202305/2b51b3de0c2646a187b1c21b2df32636.jpg"></p>
<p>
<img style="max-width:100%!important;height:auto!important;"title="CentOS 6.3编译安装LAMP环境笔记" alt="CentOS 6.3编译安装LAMP环境笔记" src="https://zhuji.jb51.net/uploads/img/202305/a74d82586b9fd5826753c6d3c29ac2ce.jpg"></p>
<p>
<img style="max-width:100%!important;height:auto!important;"title="CentOS 6.3编译安装LAMP环境笔记" alt="CentOS 6.3编译安装LAMP环境笔记" src="https://zhuji.jb51.net/uploads/img/202305/20025b8ed1bf23dc0caba2d70ed9d75c.jpg"></p>
<p>
测试本地mysql是否正常连接</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code34620">
# vi /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/index.php<br>
---------------------<br>
<html><body><h1>the page to test mysql local connection.</h1></body></html><br>
<?php<br>
$conn=mysql_connect('localhost','root','123456');<br>
if ($conn)<br>
echo "<h2>success...</h2>";<br>
else<br>
echo "<h2>failure...</h2>";<br>
<br>
?><br>
---------------------</div>
<p>
<br>
浏览器输入 http://localhost<br>
显示如下页面,表示连接成功.</p>
<p>
</p>
<p>
<img style="max-width:100%!important;height:auto!important;"title="CentOS 6.3编译安装LAMP环境笔记" alt="CentOS 6.3编译安装LAMP环境笔记" src="https://zhuji.jb51.net/uploads/img/202305/35c3db98d79883f934424a49542a496e.jpg"></p>
<p>
5.php配置项: (默认路径/usr/local/php5/lib/php.ini)</p>
<div class="codetitle">
<span><u>复制代码</u></span> 代码如下:</div>
<div class="codebody" id="code41692">
# vi /usr/local/php5/lib/php.ini<br>
-------------------------<br>
# 隐藏php版本信息:<br>
expose_php = off<br>
# 关闭警告及错误信息,爆路径:<br>
display_errors = off<br>
# 调整时区,防止phpinfo()函数报错.<br>
date.timezone =prc<br>
# 开启php错误日志并设置路径.<br>
log_errors = on<br>
error_log = /usr/local/apache2/logs/php_error.log</div>
<p>
<br>
--------------大功告成o(∩_∩)o~-----------------</p>
<p>
</p>
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