CentOS 7搭建本地yum源和局域网yum源
<p><img style="max-width:100%!important;height:auto!important;"title="CentOS 7搭建本地yum源和局域网yum源" alt="CentOS 7搭建本地yum源和局域网yum源" border="0" height="auto" src="https://zhuji.jb51.net/uploads/img/202305/f9ee86869086468de668e15243dac4a2.jpg" width="auto"></p>
<p>
看到这个都是情非得已的，话不多说，直接卷</p>
<h3>
搭建本地yum源</h3>
<p>
本地yum源，就意味着只有搭建该yum源的这台服务器能使用，其它的服务器都不能使用该yum源。搭建本地yum源的所有步骤如下：</p>
<ol class="dp-sql">
<li class="alt">
<span><span>#准备好一个centos 的镜像，我这里是CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1810.iso </span></span>
</li>
<li>
<span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span> </span>
</li>
<li>
<span># 在/<span class="keyword">local</span><span>-yum目录创建挂载镜像的文件夹 </span></span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span> </span>
</li>
<li>
<span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span># 将iso镜像挂载到/mnt/iso目录 </span>
</li>
<li>
<span>mount -o loop CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1810.iso /<span class="keyword">local</span><span>-yum </span></span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span> </span>
</li>
<li>
<span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span># 挂载成功后可以使用df -h命令查看 </span>
</li>
<li>
<span># df -h </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>Filesystem <span class="keyword">Size</span><span> Used Avail Use% Mounted </span><span class="keyword">on</span><span> </span></span>
</li>
<li>
<span>/dev/mapper/centos-root 50G 1.9G 49G 4% / </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>devtmpfs 63G 0 63G 0% /dev </span>
</li>
<li>
<span>tmpfs 63G 0 63G 0% /dev/shm </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>tmpfs 63G 11M 63G 1% /run </span>
</li>
<li>
<span>tmpfs 63G 0 63G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>/dev/sda2 1014M 138M 877M 14% /boot </span>
</li>
<li>
<span>/dev/sda1 200M 12M 189M 6% /boot/efi </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>/dev/mapper/centos-home 392G 9.0G 383G 3% /home </span>
</li>
<li>
<span>tmpfs 13G 0 13G 0% /run/<span class="func">user</span><span>/0 </span></span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>/dev/loop0 4.5G 4.5G 0 100% /<span class="keyword">local</span><span>-yum </span></span>
</li>
<li>
<span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span> </span>
</li>
<li>
<span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span> </span>
</li>
<li>
<span># 修改yum配置文件，把原先的配置先备份了 </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>cd /etc/yum.repos.d </span>
</li>
<li>
<span>mkdir bak </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>mv *.repo ./bak </span>
</li>
<li>
<span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>#新建<span class="keyword">local</span><span>.repo </span></span>
</li>
<li>
<span>vim /etc/yum.repos.d/<span class="keyword">local</span><span>.repo </span></span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span> </span>
</li>
<li>
<span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span><span class="keyword">name</span><span>=CentOS </span></span>
</li>
<li>
<span>baseurl=file:///<span class="keyword">local</span><span>-yum </span></span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>enabled=1 </span>
</li>
<li>
<span>gpgcheck=0 </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span> </span>
</li>
<li>
<span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span> </span>
</li>
<li>
<span>#清除下yum 原有的信息，载入新的缓存 </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>yum clean <span class="op">all</span><span> </span></span>
</li>
<li>
<span>yum makecache </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span> </span>
</li>
<li>
<span>这样，一个崭新的本地yum源就可以使用了。 </span>
</li>
</ol>
<h3>
搭建局域网yum源</h3>
<p>
除了可以搭建本地yum源外，我们还可以基于HTTP方式配置yum源，这样我们就可以配置一个局域网内都可以使用的yum源。</p>
<p>
一般都是通过apache 来搭建HTTP的yum源，本次我们使用Nginx搭建</p>
<ol class="dp-sql">
<li class="alt">
<span><span>#官网下载nginx1.18.0 </span></span>
</li>
<li>
<span>wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.18.0.tar.gz </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span> </span>
</li>
<li>
<span>#安装依赖包，NGINX是C语言写的，pcre-devel支持正则表达式，openssl 开启加密 </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span># yum -y install gcc pcre-devel openssl-devel </span>
</li>
<li>
<span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span> </span>
</li>
<li>
<span>#创建NGINX用户，为了安全起见，不允许登录系统 </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span># useradd -s /sbin/nologin nginx </span>
</li>
<li>
<span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span> </span>
</li>
<li>
<span>#解压，安装，这里把nginx 部署在/home/application/nginx 目录下 </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span># mkdir /home/application/nginx </span>
</li>
<li>
<span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span># tar -xf nginx-1.18.0.tar.gz </span>
</li>
<li>
<span># cd nginx-1.18.0 </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span># ./configure <span class="comment">--prefix=/home/application/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_ssl_module</span><span> </span></span>
</li>
<li>
<span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>#编译安装 </span>
</li>
<li>
<span># make && make install </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span> </span>
</li>
<li>
<span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>#创建yum仓库文件路径 /home/application/nginx-yum </span>
</li>
<li>
<span>#mkdir -p /home/application/nginx-yum </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span> </span>
</li>
<li>
<span>#编辑nginx 配置文件,定义端口为8899 </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span># vim /home/application/nginx/conf/nginx.conf </span>
</li>
<li>
<span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>worker_processes 1; </span>
</li>
<li>
<span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>events { </span>
</li>
<li>
<span> worker_connections 1024; </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>} </span>
</li>
<li>
<span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>http { </span>
</li>
<li>
<span> include mime.types; </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span> default_type application/octet-stream; </span>
</li>
<li>
<span> sendfile <span class="keyword">on</span><span>; </span></span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span> keepalive_timeout 65; </span>
</li>
<li>
<span> server { </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span> listen 8899; </span>
</li>
<li>
<span> server_name localhost; </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span> location / { </span>
</li>
<li>
<span> autoindex <span class="keyword">on</span><span>; </span></span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span> root /home/application/nginx-yum/; </span>
</li>
<li>
<span> } </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span> } </span>
</li>
<li>
<span>} </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span> </span>
</li>
<li>
<span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>#检查nginx 配置文件是否正确 </span>
</li>
<li>
<span># /home/application/nginx/sbin/nginx -t </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>nginx: the configuration file /home/application/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax <span class="keyword">is</span><span> ok </span></span>
</li>
<li>
<span>nginx: configuration file /home/application/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test <span class="keyword">is</span><span> successful </span></span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span> </span>
</li>
<li>
<span>#将iso镜像文件挂载到临时目录下，再拷贝到yum仓库路径下 /home/application/nginx-yum </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span># mkdir <span class="keyword">local</span><span>-yum </span></span>
</li>
<li>
<span># mount -o loop CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1810.iso /<span class="keyword">local</span><span>-yum </span></span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span># cd <span class="keyword">local</span><span>-yum </span></span>
</li>
<li>
<span># cp -rp * /home/application/nginx-yum/ </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span># ls -l /home/application/nginx-yum/ </span>
</li>
<li>
<span>total 4669768 </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>-rw-r<span class="comment">--r--. 1 root root 4781506560 Aug 17 18:36 CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-2003.iso</span><span> </span></span>
</li>
<li>
<span>-rw-rw-r<span class="comment">--. 1 root root 14 Apr 21 2020 CentOS_BuildTag</span><span> </span></span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 35 Apr 21 2020 EFI </span>
</li>
<li>
<span>-rw-rw-r<span class="comment">--. 1 root root 227 Aug 30 2017 EULA</span><span> </span></span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>-rw-rw-r<span class="comment">--. 1 root root 18009 Dec 10 2015 GPL</span><span> </span></span>
</li>
<li>
<span>drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 57 Apr 21 2020 images </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 198 Apr 21 2020 isolinux </span>
</li>
<li>
<span>drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 43 Apr 21 2020 LiveOS </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 225280 Apr 22 2020 Packages </span>
</li>
<li>
<span>drwxrwxr-x. 2 root root 4096 Apr 22 2020 repodata </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>-rw-rw-r<span class="comment">--. 1 root root 1690 Dec 10 2015 RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7</span><span> </span></span>
</li>
<li>
<span>-rw-rw-r<span class="comment">--. 1 root root 1690 Dec 10 2015 RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-7</span><span> </span></span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>-r<span class="comment">--r--r--. 1 root root 2883 Apr 22 2020 TRANS.TBL</span><span> </span></span>
</li>
<li>
<span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span> </span>
</li>
<li>
<span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>#确认配置没有问题后，启动nginx </span>
</li>
<li>
<span># /home/application/nginx/sbin/nginx </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span> </span>
</li>
<li>
<span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>#查看端口 </span>
</li>
<li>
<span># netstat -ntlup </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>Active Internet connections (<span class="keyword">only</span><span> servers) </span></span>
</li>
<li>
<span>Proto Recv-Q Send-Q <span class="keyword">Local</span><span> Address </span><span class="keyword">Foreign</span><span> Address State PID/Program </span><span class="keyword">name</span><span> </span></span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 16129/sshd </span>
</li>
<li>
<span>tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:8899 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 41103/nginx: master </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 16129/sshd </span>
</li>
</ol>
<ul>
<li>
登陆浏览器访问查看yum仓库</li>
</ul>
<center>
<img style="max-width:100%!important;height:auto!important;"title="CentOS 7搭建本地yum源和局域网yum源" alt="CentOS 7搭建本地yum源和局域网yum源" src="https://zhuji.jb51.net/uploads/img/202305/752d1082136e8415768b82ab6ad8840a.jpg">
</center>
<ul>
<li>
最后，我们开始配置yum的配置文件，在/etc/yum.repos.d新建一个名为nginx-yum.repo 的配置文件，内容如下：</li>
</ul>
<ol class="dp-sql">
<li class="alt">
<span><span>vim /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx-yum.repo </span></span>
</li>
<li>
<span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span><span class="keyword">name</span><span>=nginx-yum </span></span>
</li>
<li>
<span>baseurl=http://10.114.0.15:8899 </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>enabled=1 </span>
</li>
<li>
<span>gpgcheck=0 </span>
</li>
</ol>
<ul>
<li>
清除下yum 原有的信息，载入新的缓存</li>
</ul>
<ol class="dp-sql">
<li class="alt">
<span><span>yum clean </span><span class="op">all</span><span> </span></span>
</li>
<li>
<span>yum makecache </span>
</li>
</ol>
<p>
这样，局域网yum源就可以使用了</p>
<ul>
<li>
安装一个软件试下效果</li>
</ul>
<ol class="dp-sql">
<li class="alt">
<span><span># yum install bash* </span></span>
</li>
<li>
<span>Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>Loading mirror speeds <span class="keyword">from</span><span> cached hostfile </span></span>
</li>
<li>
<span>Package bash-4.2.46-34.el7.x86_64 already installed <span class="op">and</span><span> latest version </span></span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>Resolving Dependencies </span>
</li>
<li>
<span><span class="comment">--> Running transaction check</span><span> </span></span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span><span class="comment">---> Package bash-completion.noarch 1:2.1-6.el7 will be updated</span><span> </span></span>
</li>
<li>
<span><span class="comment">---> Package bash-completion.noarch 1:2.1-8.el7 will be an update</span><span> </span></span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span><span class="comment">--> Finished Dependency Resolution</span><span> </span></span>
</li>
<li>
<span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>Dependencies Resolved </span>
</li>
<li>
<span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>=================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================== </span>
</li>
<li>
<span> Package Arch Version Repository <span class="keyword">Size</span><span> </span></span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>=================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================== </span>
</li>
<li>
<span>Updating: </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span> bash-completion noarch 1:2.1-8.el7 Nginx-yum 87 k </span>
</li>
<li>
<span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span><span class="keyword">Transaction</span><span> Summary </span></span>
</li>
<li>
<span>=================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================== </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>Upgrade 1 Package </span>
</li>
<li>
<span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>Total download <span class="keyword">size</span><span>: 87 k </span></span>
</li>
<li>
<span><span class="keyword">Is</span><span> this ok : y </span></span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>Downloading packages: </span>
</li>
<li>
<span><span class="keyword">No</span><span> Presto metadata available </span><span class="keyword">for</span><span> Nginx-yum </span></span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>bash-completion-2.1-8.el7.noarch.rpm | 87 kB 00:00:00 </span>
</li>
<li>
<span>Running <span class="keyword">transaction</span><span> </span><span class="keyword">check</span><span> </span></span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>Running <span class="keyword">transaction</span><span> test </span></span>
</li>
<li>
<span><span class="keyword">Transaction</span><span> test succeeded </span></span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>Running <span class="keyword">transaction</span><span> </span></span>
</li>
<li>
<span> Updating : 1:bash-completion-2.1-8.el7.noarch 1/2 </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span> Cleanup : 1:bash-completion-2.1-6.el7.noarch 2/2 </span>
</li>
<li>
<span> Verifying : 1:bash-completion-2.1-8.el7.noarch 1/2 </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span> Verifying : 1:bash-completion-2.1-6.el7.noarch 2/2 </span>
</li>
<li>
<span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>Updated: </span>
</li>
<li>
<span> bash-completion.noarch 1:2.1-8.el7 </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>Complete! </span>
</li>
</ol>
<p>
原文链接：https://www.toutiao.com/a6997248402333516320/</p>
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