Centos6.5搭建java开发环境配置详解
<p><strong>一、安装jdk</strong></p><p>1.查看Linux自带的JDK是否已安装</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_113866"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash plain">java –version</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
如果出现openjdk，最好还是先卸载掉openjdk,在安装sun公司的jdk.</p><p>
2.查看jdk信息</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_592842"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash plain">rpm -qa|</code><code class="bash functions">grep</code> <code class="bash plain">java</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
3.卸载OpenJDK，执行以下操作：</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_711521"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
2</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash plain">rpm -e --nodeps tzdata-java-2012c-1.el6.noarch </code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1"><code class="bash plain">rpm -e --nodeps java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.45-1.45.1.11.1.el6.x86_64</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
4.新建java安装目录</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterjava" id="highlighter_925154"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="java plain">mkdir /usr/java</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
5.将之前下载的jdk解压缩并安装</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterjava" id="highlighter_331466"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="java plain">tar -zxvf jdk-7u71-linux-i586.tar.gz </code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
6.在profile文件中加入java环境变量</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterplain" id="highlighter_760870"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
2</div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2">
3</div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1">
4</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="plain plain">vi /etc/profile </code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1"><code class="plain plain">export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_71 </code></div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2"><code class="plain plain">export CLASSPATH=.:%JAVA_HOME%/lib/dt.jar:%JAVA_HOME%/lib/tools.jar </code></div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1"><code class="plain plain">export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin </code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
7.使文件立即生效</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_994589"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash functions">source</code> <code class="bash plain">/etc/profile</code> <code class="bash plain">//</code><code class="bash plain">或者reboot</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
8.检测是否安装成功</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_258664"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash plain">java -version</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p><strong>二、安装Tomcat</strong></p><p>
1.将下载好的tomcat.tar.gz上传到/var/local下面（路径可以自己随便选），然后解压</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_214366"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash functions">tar</code> <code class="bash plain">-zxvf apache-tomcat-7.0.57.</code><code class="bash functions">tar</code><code class="bash plain">.gz</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
2.将上传的tomcat移到一个目录下并改名称</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_927947"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
2</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash functions">mv</code> <code class="bash plain">apache-tomcat-7.0.57 / </code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1"><code class="bash functions">mv</code> <code class="bash plain">apache-tomcat-7.0.57 tomcat7</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
3.启动tomcat</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_190749"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash plain">.</code><code class="bash plain">/startup</code><code class="bash plain">.sh</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
启动完直接访问tomcat默认地址</p><p>
4.无法访问时，关闭防火墙</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_452065"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash plain">service iptables stop</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
5.设置开机自启动</p><p>
第一种方法：在/etc/rs.local下增加tomcat和java_home环境变量</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterplain" id="highlighter_824286"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
2</div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2">
3</div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1">
4</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="plain plain">vi /etc/rs.local </code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1"><code class="plain plain">JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_71 </code></div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2"><code class="plain plain">export JAVA_HOME </code></div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1"><code class="plain plain">/tomcat7/bin/startup.sh</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
这里有点要说明，rc.local先于/etc/profile执行，所以会得不到JAVA环境变量，所以在startup.sh前加入代码JAVA_HOME</p><p><strong>三、安装oracle</strong></p><p>
官方安装指南：https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/install.112/e24323/toc.htm#i1011296</p><p>
1、硬件要求（这个不是重点，看官网）</p><p>
2、软件要求</p><p>
2.1 查看依赖包</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_185760"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash plain">rpm -q binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3 gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel ksh libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libaio libaio-devel </code><code class="bash functions">make</code> <code class="bash plain">sysstat</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
除去官网上提到的这些包，安装时还会提示缺失以下几个包：</p><p>
unixODBC-2.2.11</p><p>
unixODBC-devel-2.2.11</p><p>
elfutils-libelf-devel-0.97</p><p>
pdksh-5.2.14</p><p>
2.2 用yum方式安装所需的包</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_217929"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash plain">yum -y </code><code class="bash functions">install</code> <code class="bash plain">binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3 gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel ksh libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libaio libaio-devel </code><code class="bash functions">make</code> <code class="bash plain">sysstat</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
2.3 安装libXp</p><p>
这个Library，这个一定要安装，否则安装Oracle时会出现Java Exception。</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_483374"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash plain">yum -y </code><code class="bash functions">install</code> <code class="bash plain">libXp</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p><strong>3、环境配置</strong></p><p>
3.1 关闭防火墙、禁用SELinux</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_9060"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash plain">chkconfig iptables off</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_328469"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
2</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash comments"># vi /etc/selinux/config </code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1"><code class="bash plain">SELINUX=disabled </code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
然后重启。</p><p>
3.2 修改机器名（一般默认相等）</p><p>
这里/etc/sysconfig/network中的hostname要与/etc/hosts中的一致，如果一致就不用修改</p><p>
3.3 建立用户和组</p><p>
这里建立的用户名和组，在安装oracle的时候会直接帮你选择。否则安装时没有用户和组。</p><p>
建立群组oinstall</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_164772"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash plain">groupadd oinstall</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
建立群组dba</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_103927"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash plain">groupadd dba </code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
新增用户oracle并将其加入oinstall和dba群组</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_165999"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash functions">useradd</code> <code class="bash plain">-g oinstall -G dba oracle </code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
测试oracle账号是否建立完成</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_364241"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash functions">id</code> <code class="bash plain">oracle</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
建立oracle的新密码</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_363359"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash functions">passwd</code> <code class="bash plain">oracle </code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
3.4 创建Oracle安装文件夹以及数据存放文件夹</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_773822"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
2</div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2">
3</div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1">
4</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash functions">mkdir</code> <code class="bash plain">-p </code><code class="bash plain">/opt/oracle/</code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1"><code class="bash functions">mkdir</code> <code class="bash plain">-p </code><code class="bash plain">/opt/oracle/oraInventory</code></div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2"><code class="bash functions">chown</code> <code class="bash plain">-R oracle:oinstall </code><code class="bash plain">/opt/oracle</code></div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1"><code class="bash functions">chmod</code> <code class="bash plain">-R 775 </code><code class="bash plain">/opt/oracle</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
3.5 配置系统内核参数</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_230661"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash functions">vi</code> <code class="bash plain">/etc/sysctl</code><code class="bash plain">.conf</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
加入以下参数：</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_391099"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
2</div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2">
3</div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1">
4</div><div class="line number5 index4 alt2">
5</div><div class="line number6 index5 alt1">
6</div><div class="line number7 index6 alt2">
7</div><div class="line number8 index7 alt1">
8</div><div class="line number9 index8 alt2">
9</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash plain">fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 </code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1"><code class="bash plain">fs.</code><code class="bash functions">file</code><code class="bash plain">-max = 6815744 </code></div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2"><code class="bash plain">kernel.shmmni = 4096 </code></div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1"><code class="bash plain">kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 </code></div><div class="line number5 index4 alt2"><code class="bash plain">net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 </code></div><div class="line number6 index5 alt1"><code class="bash plain">net.core.rmem_default = 262144 </code></div><div class="line number7 index6 alt2"><code class="bash plain">net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 </code></div><div class="line number8 index7 alt1"><code class="bash plain">net.core.wmem_default = 262144 </code></div><div class="line number9 index8 alt2"><code class="bash plain">net.core.wmem_max = 1048576</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
启用刚刚所做的变更</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_943726"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash comments"># sysctl -p</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
3.6 修改进程数和最大会话数</p><p>
编辑/etc/security/limits.conf</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_788102"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
2</div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2">
3</div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1">
4</div><div class="line number5 index4 alt2">
5</div><div class="line number6 index5 alt1">
6</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash functions">vi</code> <code class="bash plain">/etc/security/limits</code><code class="bash plain">.conf </code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
</div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2"><code class="bash plain">oracle soft nproc 2047 </code></div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1"><code class="bash plain">oracle hard nproc 16384 </code></div><div class="line number5 index4 alt2"><code class="bash plain">oracle soft nofile 1024 </code></div><div class="line number6 index5 alt1"><code class="bash plain">oracle hard nofile 65536</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
3.7 设置关联信息，执行如下命令，修改关联文件/etc/pam.d/login</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_337412"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash functions">vi</code> <code class="bash plain">/etc/pam</code><code class="bash plain">.d</code><code class="bash plain">/login</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
加入：</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_158624"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
2</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash plain">session required </code><code class="bash plain">/lib/security/pam_limits</code><code class="bash plain">.so </code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1"><code class="bash plain">session required pam_limits.so</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
3.8 修改系统启动环境参数，执行如下命令，修改系统启动环境参数文件</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_484208"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash functions">vi</code> <code class="bash plain">/etc/</code> <code class="bash plain">profile</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
在pathmunge 后面加入：</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_560589"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
2</div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2">
3</div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1">
4</div><div class="line number5 index4 alt2">
5</div><div class="line number6 index5 alt1">
6</div><div class="line number7 index6 alt2">
7</div><div class="line number8 index7 alt1">
8</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash keyword">if</code> <code class="bash plain">[ $USER = </code><code class="bash string">"oracle"</code> <code class="bash plain">]; </code><code class="bash keyword">then</code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1"><code class="bash keyword">if</code> <code class="bash plain">[ $SHELL = </code><code class="bash string">"/bin/ksh"</code> <code class="bash plain">]; </code><code class="bash keyword">then</code></div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2"><code class="bash functions">ulimit</code> <code class="bash plain">-p 16384 </code></div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1"><code class="bash functions">ulimit</code> <code class="bash plain">-n 65536 </code></div><div class="line number5 index4 alt2"><code class="bash keyword">else</code></div><div class="line number6 index5 alt1"><code class="bash functions">ulimit</code> <code class="bash plain">-u 16384 -n 65536 </code></div><div class="line number7 index6 alt2"><code class="bash keyword">fi</code></div><div class="line number8 index7 alt1"><code class="bash keyword">fi</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
3.9 切换用户，配置oracle用户环境变量</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_848635"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
2</div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2">
3</div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1">
4</div><div class="line number5 index4 alt2">
5</div><div class="line number6 index5 alt1">
6</div><div class="line number7 index6 alt2">
7</div><div class="line number8 index7 alt1">
8</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash functions">vi</code> <code class="bash plain">.bash_profile </code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1"><code class="bash plain">ORACLE_BASE=</code><code class="bash plain">/opt/oracle</code></div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2"><code class="bash plain">ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE</code><code class="bash plain">/product/11</code><code class="bash plain">.2.0</code><code class="bash plain">/dbhome_1/bin/</code> <code class="bash plain">（不同版本的oracle安装目录可能不一样，这里是11.2.0） </code></div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1"><code class="bash plain">ORACLE_SID=SIMS（数据库实例，自己定义） </code></div><div class="line number5 index4 alt2"><code class="bash plain">LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME</code><code class="bash plain">/lib</code></div><div class="line number6 index5 alt1"><code class="bash plain">PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME</code><code class="bash plain">/bin</code><code class="bash plain">:$HOME</code><code class="bash plain">/bin</code></div><div class="line number7 index6 alt2">
</div><div class="line number8 index7 alt1"><code class="bash functions">export</code> <code class="bash plain">ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID LD_LIBRARY_PATH PATH</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
//官网建议不设置安装文件夹即$ORACLE_HOME，但是我建议还是这里建立好，因为不建立好的话，后面的dbca、netca等命令都找不到</p><p>
使设置生效</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_290940"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash functions">source</code> <code class="bash plain">/home/oracle/</code><code class="bash plain">.bash_profile</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
3.10 安装</p><p>
将下载的oracle文件放到/opt/oracle下面</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_895923"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
2</div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2">
3</div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1">
4</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash functions">su</code> <code class="bash plain">- oracle </code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1"><code class="bash plain">$ </code><code class="bash functions">cd</code> <code class="bash plain">/opt/oracle</code></div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2"><code class="bash plain">$ unzip linux.11gR2_database_1of2.zip </code></div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1"><code class="bash plain">$ unzip linux.11gR2_database_2of2.zip</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
3.11 安装前解决中文乱码</p><p>
echo $LANG 如果不是英文的话，暂时就设置如下</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_741348"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash functions">export</code> <code class="bash plain">LANG=en_US</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
3.12 切换到图形界面安装</p><p>
如果是远程的话，需要安装远程软件，不然无法进入图形化安装界面；</p><p>
如果是直接在服务器上操作的话，就不需要了，所以说安装centos时，需要选择desktop安装</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_679794"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
2</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash functions">cd</code> <code class="bash plain">/opt/oracle/databse</code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1"><code class="bash plain">$ .</code><code class="bash plain">/runInstaller</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
注意几点：</p><p>
第一步邮箱可以不写；安装方式我选的single database安装，只安装了软件体，没有建立数据库和监听，所以安装完需要创建数据库和配置监听。</p><p>
这里就要注意一下了，我看网上很多的资料都是先创建数据库再配置监听，我不知道这是怎么弄的，但是我在实际操作的时候，</p><p>
先创建数据库是没法创建的，一定要先配置监听！</p><p>
4 安装完成后，oracle用户登录</p><p>
4.1 配置监听：</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_981027"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash plain">netca</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
一步步下一步就行</p><p>
4.2 创建数据库：</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_483192"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash plain">dbca</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
注意字符集那一块记得选中文</p><p>
（如果ORACLE_HOME没有指定的话，就没法使用这些命令，所以可以先看下自己当前的ORACLE_HOME,即echo $ORACLE_HOME）</p><p>
4.3 测试是否成功安装</p><p>
查看监听状态：</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_479073"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash plain">lsnrctl status</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
数据库连接：</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_920521"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
2</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash plain">sqlplus / as sysdba </code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1"><code class="bash plain">conn system</code><code class="bash plain">/123456</code><code class="bash plain">@SIMS （这里我在创建数据库的时候将所有用户的密码都改成了123456）</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
到此，CentOS6 下Oracle 11 g数据库安装成功。</p><p>
四、CentOS6启动ORACLE</p><p>
1. 手动启动数据库</p><p>
用Oracle用户登录</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_626294"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
2</div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2">
3</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash plain">$lsnrctl start </code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1"><code class="bash plain">$sqlplus / as sysdba </code></div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2"><code class="bash plain">sql>startup</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
然后就可以操作数据库了</p><p>
2.自动启动数据库</p><p>
2.1 root用户登录</p><p>
修改oratab</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_261880"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
2</div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2">
3</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash comments">#vi /etc/oratab </code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1"><code class="bash plain">SIMS:</code><code class="bash plain">/opt/oracle/product/11</code><code class="bash plain">.2.0</code><code class="bash plain">/dbhome_1</code><code class="bash plain">:Y(N改为Y) </code></div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2"><code class="bash plain">Esc:wq!</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
保存</p><p>
2.2 修改dbstart,dbshut</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_37086"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
2</div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2">
3</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash comments">#vi /opt/oracle/11.2.0/bin/dbstart </code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1"><code class="bash plain">ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME(原来为$1) </code></div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2"><code class="bash plain">Esc:wq!</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_332263"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
2</div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2">
3</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash comments">#vi /opt/oracle/11.2.0/bin/dbshut </code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1"><code class="bash plain">ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME(原来为$1) </code></div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2"><code class="bash plain">Esc:wq!</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
2.3 添加内容到 rc.local中</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_199874"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash comments">#vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
把下面内容加入到文件中</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_204373"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
2</div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2">
3</div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1">
4</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash functions">su</code> <code class="bash plain">oracle -lc </code><code class="bash string">"/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/lsnrctl start"</code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1"><code class="bash functions">su</code> <code class="bash plain">oracle -lc </code><code class="bash string">"/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/dbstart"</code></div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2">
</div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1"><code class="bash plain">Esc:wq! </code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
大功告成！</p><p>
五、其他<br/>
Linux更新源:https://lug.ustc.edu.cn/wiki/mirrors/help/centos<br/>
1.以root身份进入yum源配置目录</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_675484"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
2</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash functions">su</code> <code class="bash plain">root</code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1"><code class="bash functions">cd</code> <code class="bash plain">/etc/yum</code><code class="bash plain">.repos.d/</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
2.备份系统自带的yum源</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_380244"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash functions">mv</code> <code class="bash plain">CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo.bak</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
3.下载对应版本的科大yum源,放入放入/etc/yum.repos.d/</p><p>
也可以wget http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/Centos-Base.repo （不过这种方法个人感觉不好确定源版本）</p><p>
4.更新完源之后，生成缓存，使操作立即生效</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_482496"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash plain">yum makecache</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
5.开始更新</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_487417"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash plain">yum update</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
安装中文输入法</p><p>
1.以root身份安装</p><div class="jb51code"><div><div class="syntaxhighlighterbash" id="highlighter_631053"><div class="toolbar">?</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td class="gutter"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2">
1</div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1">
2</div></td><td class="code"><div class="container"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="bash functions">su</code> <code class="bash plain">root</code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1"><code class="bash plain">yum </code><code class="bash functions">install</code> <code class="bash string">"@Chinese Support"</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="codetool" id="codetool"><div class="code_n"></div></div></div><p>
2.设置把刚刚安装的输入法添加到输入法列表中</p><p>
点击system-->preferences-->Input Method。再点击“Enable input method feature”,勾选“启用输入法特性”，并选择"Use IBus(recommended)",点击“首选输入法”</p><p>
点击 "Input Method Preferences" ,点击输入法选项卡，选择汉语，在列表中选择拼音（当然，你会其他的输入法也可以选择其他的），点击"add"，将选中的输入法添加到输入法列表</p><p>
3.reboot</p><p>
finished! Have fun!</p><p>
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。</p><p><br/></p>
頁:
[1]