CentOS 6.4下编译安装MySQL 5.6.14详细步骤
<p style='margin: 0px; padding: 5px 0px; outline: none; font-size: 14px; line-height: 30px; font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei";'>一：卸载旧版本<br>
使用下面的命令检查是否安装有MySQL Server<br>
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<span><u>复制代码</u></span>
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<p>
代码如下:</p>
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<br>
rpm -qa | grep mysql</div>
<p>
<br style='font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 14px;'><span style='font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 14px;'>有的话通过下面的命令来卸载掉</span></p>
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<span><u>复制代码</u></span>
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<p>
代码如下:</p>
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<br>
rpm -e mysql //普通删除模式<br>
rpm -e --nodeps mysql // 强力删除模式，如果使用上面命令删除时，提示有依赖的其它文件，则用该命令可以对其进行强力删除</div>
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安装MySQL<br>
安装编译代码需要的包<br>
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<span><u>复制代码</u></span>
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<p>
代码如下:</p>
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<br>
yum -y install make gcc-c++ cmake bison-devel ncurses-devel</div>
<p>
<br style='font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 14px;'><span style='font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 14px;'>下载MySQL 5.6.14</span></p>
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<span><u>复制代码</u></span>
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<p>
代码如下:</p>
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<br>
wget <a href="http://cdn.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.14.tar.gz">http://cdn.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.14.tar.gz</a><br>
tar xvf mysql-5.6.14.tar.gz<br>
cd mysql-5.6.14</div>
<p>
<br style='font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 14px;'><span style='font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 14px;'>编译安装</span></p>
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<span><u>复制代码</u></span>
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<p>
代码如下:</p>
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<br>
cmake \<br>
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \<br>
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \<br>
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \<br>
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \<br>
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \<br>
-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \<br>
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \<br>
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock \<br>
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \<br>
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \<br>
-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \<br>
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \<br>
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \<br>
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci<br>
make && make install</div>
<p>
<br style='font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 14px;'><span style='font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 14px;'>编译的参数可以参考</span>http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/source-configuration-options.html<span style='font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 14px;'>。</span><br style='font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 14px;'><span style='font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 14px;'>整个过程需要30分钟左右……漫长的等待</span></p>
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三：配置MySQL<br>
设置权限<br>
使用下面的命令查看是否有mysql用户及用户组<br>
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<span><u>复制代码</u></span>
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<p>
代码如下:</p>
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<br>
cat /etc/passwd 查看用户列表<br>
cat /etc/group 查看用户组列表</div>
<p>
<br style='font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 14px;'><span style='font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 14px;'>如果没有就创建</span></p>
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<span><u>复制代码</u></span>
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<p>
代码如下:</p>
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<br>
groupadd mysql<br>
useradd -g mysql mysql</div>
<p>
<br style='font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 14px;'><span style='font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 14px;'>修改/usr/local/mysql权限</span></p>
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<span><u>复制代码</u></span>
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<p>
代码如下:</p>
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<br>
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql</div>
<p>
<br style='font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 14px;'><span style='font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 14px;'>修改/usr/local/mysql权限</span><br style='font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 14px;'><span style='font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 14px;'>初始化配置</span><br style='font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 14px;'><span style='font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 14px;'>进入安装路径</span></p>
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<span><u>复制代码</u></span>
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<p>
代码如下:</p>
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cd /usr/local/mysql</div>
<p>
<br style='font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 14px;'><span style='font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 14px;'>进入安装路径，执行初始化配置脚本，创建系统自带的数据库和表</span></p>
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<span><u>复制代码</u></span>
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<p>
代码如下:</p>
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scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --user=mysql</div>
<p>
<br style='font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 14px;'><span style='font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 14px;'>注：在启动MySQL服务时，会按照一定次序搜索my.cnf，先在/etc目录下找，找不到则会搜索"$basedir/my.cnf"，在本例中就是 /usr/local/mysql/my.cnf，这是新版MySQL的配置文件的默认位置！注意：在CentOS 6.4版操作系统的最小安装完成后，在/etc目录下会存在一个my.cnf，需要将此文件更名为其他的名字，如：/etc/my.cnf.bak，否则，该文件会干扰源码安装的MySQL的正确配置，造成无法启动。</span></p>
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启动MySQL<br>
添加服务，拷贝服务脚本到init.d目录，并设置开机启动<br>
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<span><u>复制代码</u></span>
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<p>
代码如下:</p>
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cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql<br>
chkconfig mysql on<br>
service mysql start --启动MySQL</div>
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配置用户<br>
MySQL启动成功后，root默认没有密码，我们需要设置root密码。<br>
设置之前，我们需要先设置PATH，要不不能直接调用mysql<br>
修改/etc/profile文件，在文件末尾添加<br>
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<span><u>复制代码</u></span>
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<p>
代码如下:</p>
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<br>
PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH<br>
export PATH</div>
<p>
<br style='font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 14px;'><span style='font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 14px;'>关闭文件，运行下面的命令，让配置立即生效</span></p>
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<span><u>复制代码</u></span>
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<p>
代码如下:</p>
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source /etc/profile</div>
<p>
<br style='font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 14px;'><span style='font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 14px;'>现在，我们可以在终端内直接输入mysql进入，mysql的环境了</span><br style='font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 14px;'><span style='font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 14px;'>执行下面的命令修改root密码</span></p>
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<span><u>复制代码</u></span>
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<p>
代码如下:</p>
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<br>
mysql -uroot <br>
mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456');</div>
<p>
<br style='font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 14px;'><span style='font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 14px;'>若要设置root用户可以远程访问，执行</span></p>
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<span><u>复制代码</u></span>
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<p>
代码如下:</p>
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<br>
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO <a href="mailto:'root'@'172.16.%'">'root'@'172.16.%'</a> IDENTIFIED BY 'password' WITH GRANT OPTION;</div>
<p>
<br style='font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 14px;'><span style='font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 14px;'>红色的password为远程访问时，root用户的密码，可以和本地不同。</span></p>
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配置防火墙<br>
防火墙的3306端口默认没有开启，若要远程访问，需要开启这个端口<br>
打开/etc/sysconfig/iptables<br>
在“-A INPUT –m state --state NEW –m tcp –p –dport 22 –j ACCEPT”，下添加：<br>
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<span><u>复制代码</u></span>
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<p>
代码如下:</p>
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-A INPUT m state --state NEW m tcp p dport 3306 j ACCEPT</div>
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<br style='font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 14px;'><span style='font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 14px;'>然后保存，并关闭该文件，在终端内运行下面的命令，刷新防火墙配置：</span></p>
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<span><u>复制代码</u></span>
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代码如下:</p>
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service iptables restart</div>
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<br style='font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 14px;'><span style='font-family: tahoma, arial, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 14px;'>OK，一切配置完毕，你可以访问你的MySQL了。</span></p>
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