MongoDB 入门篇

相忘發表於 2018-1-11 10:01:00

<h2>1.1 数据库管理系统</h2>
 <img src="https://images2017.cnblogs.com/blog/1190037/201801/1190037-20180106140307112-257991728.png" alt="">
　　　　在了解MongoDB之前需要先了解先数据库管理系统
<h3>1.1.1 什么是数据？</h3>
　　数据（英语：data），是指未经过处理的原始记录。
　　一般而言，数据缺乏组织及分类，无法明确的表达事物代表的意义，它可能是一堆的杂志、一大叠的报纸、数种的开会记录或是整本病人的病历纪录。数据描述事物的符号记录，是可定义为意义的实体，涉及事物的存在形式。是关于事件之一组离散且客观的事实描述，是构成讯息和知识的原始材料。
<h3>1.1.2 什么是数据库管理系统？</h3>
　　数据库管理系统（英语：database management system，缩写：DBMS）是一种针对对象数据库，为管理数据库而设计的大型电脑软件管理系统。
　　具有代表性的数据管理系统有：Oracle、Microsoft SQL Server、Access、MySQL及PostgreSQL等。通常数据库管理师会使用数据库管理系统来创建数据库系统。
　　现代DBMS使用不同的数据库模型追踪实体、属性和关系。在个人电脑、大型计算机和主机上应用最广泛的数据库管理系统是关系型DBMS（relational DBMS）。在关系型数据模型中，用二维表格表示数据库中的数据。这些表格称为关系。
　　数据库管理系统主要分为俩大类：RDBMS、NOSQL
　　关于RDBMS的更多信息参考：http://www.cnblogs.com/clsn/category/1131345.html
<h3>1.1.3 常见数据库管理系统？</h3>
常见的数据库管理系统，及其排名情况如下：
 <img src="https://images2017.cnblogs.com/blog/1190037/201801/1190037-20180106140440190-1132493229.png" alt="">
图 - 数据库管理系统使用情况世界排名
数据来源：https://db-engines.com/en/ranking
<h2>1.2 NoSQL是什么？</h2>
<h3>1.2.1 NoSQL简介</h3>
　　NoSQL是对不同于传统的关系数据库的数据库管理系统的统称。
　　两者存在许多显著的不同点，其中最重要的是NoSQL不使用SQL作为查询语言。其数据存储可以不需要固定的表格模式，也经常会避免使用SQL的JOIN操作，一般有水平可扩展性的特征。
　　NoSQL一词最早出现于1998年，是Carlo Strozzi开发的一个轻量、开源、不提供SQL功能的关系数据库。
　　2009年，Last.fm的Johan Oskarsson发起了一次关于分布式开源数据库的讨论，来自Rackspace的Eric Evans再次提出了NoSQL的概念，这时的NoSQL主要指非关系型、分布式、不提供ACID的数据库设计模式。
　　2009年在亚特兰大举行的"no:sql(east)"讨论会是一个里程碑，其口号是"select fun, profit from real_world where relational=false;"。因此，对NoSQL最普遍的解释是“非关联型的”，强调Key-Value Stores和文档数据库的优点，而不是单纯的反对RDBMS。
　　基于2014年的收入，NoSQL市场领先企业是MarkLogic，MongoDB和Datastax。基于2015年的人气排名，最受欢迎的NoSQL数据库是MongoDB，Apache Cassandra和Redis.
<h3>1.2.2 NoSQL数据库四大家族</h3>
NoSQL中的四大家族主要是：列存储、键值、图像存储、文档存储，其类型产品主要有以下这些。
<table class="MsoTableGrid" style="width: 100%; border-style: none" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="width: 16.22%; border-width: 1pt; border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1); background: rgba(146, 208, 80, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="16%">
存储类型
</td>
<td style="width: 83.78%; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt initial; border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1) rgba(0, 0, 0, 1) rgba(0, 0, 0, 1) initial; border-left-style: none; background: rgba(146, 208, 80, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" colspan="2" width="83%">
NoSQL
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1; height: 9.5pt">
<td style="width: 16.22%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(0, 0, 0, 1) rgba(0, 0, 0, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(146, 208, 80, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 9.5pt" rowspan="3" width="16%">
键值存储
</td>
<td style="width: 27.12%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1); background: rgba(255, 192, 0, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 9.5pt" width="27%">
最终一致性键值存储
</td>
<td style="width: 56.66%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 9.5pt" width="56%">
Cassandra、Dynamo、Riak、Hibari、Virtuoso、Voldemort
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2; height: 9.5pt">
<td style="width: 27.12%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1); background: rgba(0, 176, 240, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 9.5pt" width="27%">
内存键值存储
</td>
<td style="width: 56.66%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 9.5pt" width="56%">
Memcached、Redis、Oracle Coherence、NCache、 Hazelcast、Tuple space、Velocity
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3; height: 9.5pt">
<td style="width: 27.12%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1); background: rgba(250, 191, 143, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 9.5pt" width="27%">
持久化键值存储
</td>
<td style="width: 56.66%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 9.5pt" width="56%">
BigTable、LevelDB、Tokyo Cabinet、Tarantool、TreapDB、Tuple space
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 16.22%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(0, 0, 0, 1) rgba(0, 0, 0, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(146, 208, 80, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="16%">
文档存储
</td>
<td style="width: 83.78%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" colspan="2" width="83%">
MongoDB、CouchDB、SimpleDB、 Terrastore 、 BaseX 、Clusterpoint 、 Riak、No2DB
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 16.22%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(0, 0, 0, 1) rgba(0, 0, 0, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(146, 208, 80, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="16%">
图存储
</td>
<td style="width: 83.78%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" colspan="2" width="83%">
FlockDB、DEX、Neo4J、AllegroGraph、InfiniteGraph、OrientDB、Pregel
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 16.22%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(0, 0, 0, 1) rgba(0, 0, 0, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(146, 208, 80, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="16%">
列存储
</td>
<td style="width: 83.78%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" colspan="2" width="83%">
Hbase、Cassandra、Hypertable
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3>1.2.3 NoSQL的优势</h3>
　　高可扩展性、分布式计算、没有复杂的关系、低成本
　　架构灵活、半结构化数据
<h3>1.2.4 NoSQL与RDBMS对比 </h3>
<table class="MsoTable15Grid4Accent4" style="width: 100%; border-style: none" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="width: 55.54%; border-width: 1pt initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: rgba(128, 100, 162, 1) initial rgba(128, 100, 162, 1) rgba(128, 100, 162, 1); border-right-style: none; background: rgba(128, 100, 162, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" valign="top" width="55%">
NoSQL
</td>
<td style="width: 44.46%; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt initial; border-color: rgba(128, 100, 162, 1) rgba(128, 100, 162, 1) rgba(128, 100, 162, 1) initial; border-left-style: none; background: rgba(128, 100, 162, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" valign="top" width="44%">
RDBMS
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 55.54%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(178, 161, 199, 1) rgba(178, 161, 199, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(229, 223, 236, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" valign="top" width="55%">
代表着不仅仅是SQL 
没有声明性查询语言 
没有预定义的模式 
键 - 值对存储，列存储，文档存储，图形数据库 
最终一致性，而非ACID属性
非结构化和不可预知的数据 
CAP定理 
高性能，高可用性和可伸缩性
</td>
<td style="width: 44.46%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(178, 161, 199, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(178, 161, 199, 1); background: rgba(229, 223, 236, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" valign="top" width="44%">
高度组织化结构化数据 
结构化查询语言（SQL） (SQL) 
数据和关系都存储在单独的表中。 
数据操纵语言，数据定义语言 
严格的一致性 
基础事务 
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2>1.3 MongoDB简介</h2>
<h3>1.3.1 MongoDB是什么</h3>
<img src="https://images2017.cnblogs.com/blog/1190037/201801/1190037-20180106140932003-1386849701.png" alt=""> 
　　　　MongoDB并非芒果的意思，而是源于 Humongous（巨大）一词。
<h3>1.3.2 MongoDB的特性</h3>
　　MongoDB的3大技术特色如下所示：
 <img src="https://images2017.cnblogs.com/blog/1190037/201801/1190037-20180106140946346-1583437802.png" alt="">
除了上图所示的还支持：
　　二级索引、动态查询、全文搜索、聚合框架、MapReduce、GridFS、地理位置索引、内存引擎、地理分布等一系列的强大功能。
但是其也有些许的缺点，例如：
<blockquote>
　　多表关联：仅仅支持Left Outer Join
　　SQL 语句支持：查询为主，部分支持
　　多表原子事务：不支持
　　多文档原子事务：不支持
　　16MB 文档大小限制，不支持中文排序，服务端 Javascript 性能欠佳
</blockquote>
<h3>1.3.3 关系型数据库与mongodb对比</h3>
存储方式对比
     在传统的关系型数据库中，存储方式是以表的形式存放，而在MongoDB中，以文档的形式存在。
<img src="https://images2017.cnblogs.com/blog/1190037/201801/1190037-20180106141025909-1190563513.png" alt=""> 
   数据库中的对应关系，及存储形式的说明
 <img src="https://images2017.cnblogs.com/blog/1190037/201801/1190037-20180106141036237-258431155.png" alt="">
MongoDB与SQL的结构对比详解
<div align="center">
<table class="MsoTable15Grid4Accent1" style="width: 100%; border-style: none" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="width: 41.98%; border-width: 1pt initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: rgba(79, 129, 189, 1) initial rgba(79, 129, 189, 1) rgba(79, 129, 189, 1); border-right-style: none; background: rgba(79, 129, 189, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" valign="top" width="41%">
SQL Terms/Concepts
</td>
<td style="width: 58.02%; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt initial; border-color: rgba(79, 129, 189, 1) rgba(79, 129, 189, 1) rgba(79, 129, 189, 1) initial; border-left-style: none; background: rgba(79, 129, 189, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" valign="top" width="58%">
MongoDB Terms/Concepts
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 41.98%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(149, 179, 215, 1) rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(219, 229, 241, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; text-align: center" valign="top" width="41%">
database
</td>
<td style="width: 58.02%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); background: rgba(219, 229, 241, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; text-align: center" valign="top" width="58%">
database
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 41.98%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(149, 179, 215, 1) rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-top-style: none; padding: 0 5.4pt; text-align: center" valign="top" width="41%">
table
</td>
<td style="width: 58.02%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; text-align: center" valign="top" width="58%">
collection
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 41.98%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(149, 179, 215, 1) rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(219, 229, 241, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; text-align: center" valign="top" width="41%">
row
</td>
<td style="width: 58.02%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); background: rgba(219, 229, 241, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; text-align: center" valign="top" width="58%">
document or BSON document
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 41.98%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(149, 179, 215, 1) rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-top-style: none; padding: 0 5.4pt; text-align: center" valign="top" width="41%">
column
</td>
<td style="width: 58.02%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; text-align: center" valign="top" width="58%">
field
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 41.98%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(149, 179, 215, 1) rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(219, 229, 241, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; text-align: center" valign="top" width="41%">
index
</td>
<td style="width: 58.02%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); background: rgba(219, 229, 241, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; text-align: center" valign="top" width="58%">
index
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 41.98%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(149, 179, 215, 1) rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-top-style: none; padding: 0 5.4pt; text-align: center" valign="top" width="41%">
table joins
</td>
<td style="width: 58.02%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; text-align: center" valign="top" width="58%">
embedded documents and linking
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 41.98%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(149, 179, 215, 1) rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(219, 229, 241, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; text-align: center" valign="top" width="41%">
primary key
Specify any unique column or
column combination as 
primary key.
</td>
<td style="width: 58.02%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); background: rgba(219, 229, 241, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; text-align: center" valign="top" width="58%">
primary key
In MongoDB, the primary key is 
automatically set to the _id field.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 41.98%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(149, 179, 215, 1) rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-top-style: none; padding: 0 5.4pt; text-align: center" valign="top" width="41%">
aggregation (e.g. group by)
</td>
<td style="width: 58.02%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; text-align: center" valign="top" width="58%">
aggregation pipeline
See the SQL to Aggregation Mapping 
Chart.
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<h3>1.3.4 MongoDB数据存储格式</h3>
JSON格式
　　JSON 数据格式与语言无关，脱胎于 JavaScript，但目前很多编程语言都支持 JSON 格式数据的生成和解析。JSON 的官方 MIME 类型是 application/json，文件扩展名是 .json。
　　MongoDB 使用JSON（JavaScript ObjectNotation）文档存储记录。
　　JSON数据库语句可以容易被解析。
　　Web 应用大量使用，NAME-VALUE 配对
<img src="https://images2017.cnblogs.com/blog/1190037/201801/1190037-20180106141205628-1994652076.png" alt=""> 
BSON格式
　　BSON是由10gen开发的一个数据格式，目前主要用于MongoDB中，是MongoDB的数据存储格式。BSON基于JSON格式，选择JSON进行改造的原因主要是JSON的通用性及JSON的schemaless的特性。 
　　二进制的JSON，JSON文档的二进制编码存储格式
　　BSON有JSON没有的Date和BinData
　　MongoDB中document以BSON形式存放
例如：
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>> db.meeting.insert({meeting:“M1 June",Date:"2018-01-06"});</pre>
</div>
</div>
<h3>1.3.5 MongoDB的优势</h3>
 　　 📢 MongoDB是开源产品
 　　 📢 On GitHub Url：https://github.com/mongodb
 　　📢  Licensed under the AGPL，有开源的社区版本
 　　 📢 起源& 赞助by MongoDB公司，提供商业版licenses 许可
   　　这些优势造就了mongodb的丰富的功能：
　　JSON 文档模型、动态的数据模式、二级索引强大、查询功能、自动分片、水平扩展、自动复制、高可用、文本搜索、企业级安全、聚合框架MapReduce、大文件存储GridFS
<h3>1.3.6 高可用的复制集群</h3>
　　自动复制和故障切换
　　多数据中心支持滚动维护无需关机支持最多50个成员
<img src="https://images2017.cnblogs.com/blog/1190037/201801/1190037-20180106141337862-2036189439.png" alt="">
<h3>1.3.7 水平扩展</h3>
　　这种方式是目前构架上的主流形式，指的是通过增加服务器数量来对系统扩容。在这样的构架下，单台服务器的配置并不会很高，可能是配置比较低、很廉价的 PC，每台机器承载着系统的一个子集，所有机器服务器组成的集群会比单体服务器提供更强大、高效的系统容载量。
<img src="https://images2017.cnblogs.com/blog/1190037/201801/1190037-20180106141352596-1511440780.png" alt=""> 
　　这样的问题是系统构架会比单体服务器复杂，搭建、维护都要求更高的技术背景。分片集群架构如下图所示：
<img src="https://images2017.cnblogs.com/blog/1190037/201801/1190037-20180106141415143-1288477019.png" alt="">
<h3>1.3.8 各存储引擎的对比</h3>
<table class="MsoTable15Grid4Accent3" style="width: 100%; border-style: none" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: -1; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-lastfirstrow: yes; height: 38.4pt">
<td style="width: 20.3%; border-width: 1pt initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: rgba(155, 187, 89, 1) initial rgba(155, 187, 89, 1) rgba(155, 187, 89, 1); border-right-style: none; background: rgba(155, 187, 89, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 38.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="20%"> </td>
<td style="width: 13.56%; border-width: 1pt initial; border-color: rgba(155, 187, 89, 1) initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-style: none; background: rgba(155, 187, 89, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 38.4pt" width="13%">
MySQL InnoDB
</td>
<td style="width: 13.62%; border-width: 1pt initial; border-color: rgba(155, 187, 89, 1) initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-style: none; background: rgba(155, 187, 89, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 38.4pt" width="13%">
MySQL NDB
</td>
<td style="width: 14.32%; border-width: 1pt initial; border-color: rgba(155, 187, 89, 1) initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-style: none; background: rgba(155, 187, 89, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 38.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="14%">
Oracle
</td>
<td style="width: 18.88%; border-width: 1pt initial; border-color: rgba(155, 187, 89, 1) initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-style: none; background: rgba(155, 187, 89, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 38.4pt" width="18%">
MongoDB MAPI
</td>
<td style="width: 19.3%; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt initial; border-color: rgba(155, 187, 89, 1) rgba(155, 187, 89, 1) rgba(155, 187, 89, 1) initial; border-left-style: none; background: rgba(155, 187, 89, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 38.4pt" width="19%">
MongoDB WiredTiger
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 0; height: 23.4pt">
<td style="width: 20.3%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(194, 214, 155, 1) rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="20%">
事务
</td>
<td style="width: 13.56%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="13%">
YES
</td>
<td style="width: 13.62%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="13%">
YES
</td>
<td style="width: 14.32%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="14%">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0 0 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; text-indent: 13.05pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; layout-grid-mode: both; mso-layout-grid-align: auto; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64">ES
</td>
<td style="width: 18.88%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="18%">
NO
</td>
<td style="width: 19.3%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="19%">
NO
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1; height: 23.4pt">
<td style="width: 20.3%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(194, 214, 155, 1) rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-top-style: none; padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="20%">
锁粒度
</td>
<td style="width: 13.56%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="13%">
ROW-level
</td>
<td style="width: 13.62%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="13%">
ROW-level
</td>
<td style="width: 14.32%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="14%">
ROW-level
</td>
<td style="width: 18.88%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="18%">
Collection-level
</td>
<td style="width: 19.3%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="19%">
Document-level
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2; height: 24.6pt">
<td style="width: 20.3%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(194, 214, 155, 1) rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 24.6pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="20%">
Geospatial
</td>
<td style="width: 13.56%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 24.6pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="13%">
YES
</td>
<td style="width: 13.62%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 24.6pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="13%">
YES
</td>
<td style="width: 14.32%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 24.6pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="14%">
YES
</td>
<td style="width: 18.88%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 24.6pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="18%">
YES
</td>
<td style="width: 19.3%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 24.6pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="19%">
YES
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3; height: 24.6pt">
<td style="width: 20.3%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(194, 214, 155, 1) rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-top-style: none; padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 24.6pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="20%">
MVCC
</td>
<td style="width: 13.56%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 24.6pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="13%">
YES
</td>
<td style="width: 13.62%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 24.6pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="13%">
NO
</td>
<td style="width: 14.32%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 24.6pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="14%">
YES
</td>
<td style="width: 18.88%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 24.6pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="18%">
NO
</td>
<td style="width: 19.3%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 24.6pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="19%">
NO
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4; height: 24.6pt">
<td style="width: 20.3%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(194, 214, 155, 1) rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 24.6pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="20%">
Replication
</td>
<td style="width: 13.56%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 24.6pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="13%">
YES
</td>
<td style="width: 13.62%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 24.6pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="13%">
YES
</td>
<td style="width: 14.32%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 24.6pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="14%">
YES
</td>
<td style="width: 18.88%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 24.6pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="18%">
YES
</td>
<td style="width: 19.3%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 24.6pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="19%">
YES
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 5; height: 71.1pt">
<td style="width: 20.3%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(194, 214, 155, 1) rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-top-style: none; padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 71.1pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="20%">
外键
</td>
<td style="width: 13.56%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 71.1pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="13%">
YES
</td>
<td style="width: 13.62%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 71.1pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="13%">
YES(From 7.3)
</td>
<td style="width: 14.32%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 71.1pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="14%">
YES
</td>
<td style="width: 18.88%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 71.1pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="18%">
NO
</td>
<td style="width: 19.3%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 71.1pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="19%">
NO
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 6; height: 23.4pt">
<td style="width: 20.3%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(194, 214, 155, 1) rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="20%">
数据库集群
</td>
<td style="width: 13.56%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="13%">
NO
</td>
<td style="width: 13.62%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="13%">
YES
</td>
<td style="width: 14.32%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="14%">
YES
</td>
<td style="width: 18.88%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="18%">
YES
</td>
<td style="width: 19.3%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="19%">
YES
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 7; height: 24.6pt">
<td style="width: 20.3%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(194, 214, 155, 1) rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-top-style: none; padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 24.6pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="20%">
B-TREE索引
</td>
<td style="width: 13.56%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 24.6pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="13%">
YES
</td>
<td style="width: 13.62%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 24.6pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="13%">
YES
</td>
<td style="width: 14.32%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 24.6pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="14%">
YES
</td>
<td style="width: 18.88%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 24.6pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="18%">
YES
</td>
<td style="width: 19.3%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 24.6pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="19%">
YES
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 8; height: 23.4pt">
<td style="width: 20.3%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(194, 214, 155, 1) rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="20%">
全文检索
</td>
<td style="width: 13.56%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="13%">
YES
</td>
<td style="width: 13.62%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="13%">
NO
</td>
<td style="width: 14.32%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="14%">
YES
</td>
<td style="width: 18.88%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="18%">
YES
</td>
<td style="width: 19.3%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="19%">
YES
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 9; height: 23.4pt">
<td style="width: 20.3%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(194, 214, 155, 1) rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-top-style: none; padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="20%">
数据压缩
</td>
<td style="width: 13.56%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="13%">
YES
</td>
<td style="width: 13.62%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="13%">
NO
</td>
<td style="width: 14.32%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="14%">
YES
</td>
<td style="width: 18.88%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="18%">
NO
</td>
<td style="width: 19.3%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="19%">
YES
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 10; height: 23.4pt">
<td style="width: 20.3%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(194, 214, 155, 1) rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="20%">
存储限制
</td>
<td style="width: 13.56%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="13%">
64TB
</td>
<td style="width: 13.62%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="13%">
384EB
</td>
<td style="width: 14.32%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="14%">
NO
</td>
<td style="width: 18.88%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="18%">
NO
</td>
<td style="width: 19.3%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="19%">
NO
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 11; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes; height: 23.4pt">
<td style="width: 20.3%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(194, 214, 155, 1) rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-top-style: none; padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="20%">
表分区
</td>
<td style="width: 13.56%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="13%">
YES
</td>
<td style="width: 13.62%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="13%">
YES
</td>
<td style="width: 14.32%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="14%">
YES
</td>
<td style="width: 18.88%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="18%">
YES (分片)
</td>
<td style="width: 19.3%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt" nowrap="nowrap" width="19%">
YES (分片)
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3>1.3.9 数据库功能和性能对比</h3>
　　由下图可以看出MongoDB数据库的性能扩展能力及功能都较好，都能够在数据库中，站立一足之地。
<img src="https://images2017.cnblogs.com/blog/1190037/201801/1190037-20180106141454581-697200462.png" alt=""> 
<h3>1.3.10 MongoDB适用场景</h3>
　　网站数据、缓存等大尺寸、低价值的数据
　　在高伸缩性的场景，用于对象及JSON数据的存储。
<img src="https://images2017.cnblogs.com/blog/1190037/201801/1190037-20180106141505581-1516716311.png" alt="">
<h3>1.3.11 MongoDB 慎用场景</h3>
<table class="MsoNormalTable" style="width: 100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; height: 41.4pt">
<td style="width: 37.9%; border-width: 1pt 1pt 3pt; border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); background: rgba(199, 218, 174, 1); padding: 3.1pt 0.75pt 0; height: 41.4pt" width="37%">
慎用场景
</td>
<td style="width: 62.1%; border-width: 1pt 1pt 3pt initial; border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) initial; border-left-style: none; background: rgba(199, 218, 174, 1); padding: 3.1pt 0.75pt 0; height: 41.4pt" width="62%">
原因
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1; height: 80.4pt">
<td style="width: 37.9%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(236, 242, 229, 1); padding: 2.9pt 0.75pt 0; height: 80.4pt" width="37%">
PB 数据持久存储大数据分析数据湖
</td>
<td style="width: 62.1%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); background: rgba(236, 242, 229, 1); padding: 2.9pt 0.75pt 0; height: 80.4pt" width="62%">
Hadoop、Spark提供更多分析运算功能和工具，并行计算能力更强
MongoDB + Hadoop/Spark
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2; height: 70.3pt">
<td style="width: 37.9%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(245, 248, 243, 1); padding: 3.9pt 0.75pt 0; height: 70.3pt" width="37%">
搜索场景：文档有几十个字段，需要按照任意字段搜索并排序限制等
</td>
<td style="width: 62.1%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); background: rgba(245, 248, 243, 1); padding: 3.9pt 0.75pt 0; height: 70.3pt" width="62%">
不建索引查询太慢，索引太多影响写入及更新操作
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3; height: 64.65pt">
<td style="width: 37.9%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(236, 242, 229, 1); padding: 3.9pt 0.75pt 0; height: 64.65pt" width="37%">
ERP、CRM或者类似复杂应用，几十上百个对象互相关联
</td>
<td style="width: 62.1%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); background: rgba(236, 242, 229, 1); padding: 3.1pt 0.75pt 0; height: 64.65pt" width="62%">
关联支持较弱，事务较弱
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4; height: 64.65pt">
<td style="width: 37.9%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(245, 248, 243, 1); padding: 3.9pt 0.75pt 0; height: 64.65pt" width="37%">
需要参与远程事务，或者需要跨表，跨文档原子性更新的
</td>
<td style="width: 62.1%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); background: rgba(245, 248, 243, 1); padding: 3.9pt 0.75pt 0; height: 64.65pt" width="62%">
MongoDB  事务支持仅限于本机的单文档事务
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 5; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes; height: 64.65pt">
<td style="width: 37.9%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(236, 242, 229, 1); padding: 3.1pt 0.75pt 0; height: 64.65pt" width="37%">
100% 写可用：任何时间写入不能停
</td>
<td style="width: 62.1%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); background: rgba(236, 242, 229, 1); padding: 3.9pt 0.75pt 0; height: 64.65pt" width="62%">
MongoDB换主节点时候会有短暂的不可写设计所限
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3>1.3.12 什么时候该MongDB </h3>
<table class="MsoNormalTable" style="width: 100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; height: 34pt">
<td style="width: 67.16%; border-width: 1pt 1pt 3pt; border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); background: rgba(0, 143, 0, 1); padding: 3.1pt 0.75pt 0; height: 34pt" valign="top" width="67%">
应用特征
</td>
<td style="width: 32.84%; border-width: 1pt 1pt 3pt initial; border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) initial; border-left-style: none; background: rgba(0, 143, 0, 1); padding: 3.1pt 0.75pt 0; height: 34pt" valign="top" width="32%">
Yes/No?
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1; height: 49.3pt">
<td style="width: 67.16%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(236, 242, 229, 1); padding: 5.3pt 0.75pt 0; height: 49.3pt" valign="top" width="67%">
我的数据量是有亿万级或者需要不断扩容
</td>
<td style="width: 32.84%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); background: rgba(236, 242, 229, 1); padding: 0.75pt 0.75pt 0; height: 49.3pt" valign="top" width="32%"> </td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2; height: 37.9pt">
<td style="width: 67.16%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(245, 248, 243, 1); padding: 3.1pt 0.75pt 0; height: 37.9pt" valign="top" width="67%">
需要2000-3000以上的读写每秒
</td>
<td style="width: 32.84%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); background: rgba(245, 248, 243, 1); padding: 0.75pt 0.75pt 0; height: 37.9pt" valign="top" width="32%"> </td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3; height: 37.9pt">
<td style="width: 67.16%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(236, 242, 229, 1); padding: 3.1pt 0.75pt 0; height: 37.9pt" valign="top" width="67%">
新应用，需求会变，数据模型无法确定
</td>
<td style="width: 32.84%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); background: rgba(236, 242, 229, 1); padding: 0.75pt 0.75pt 0; height: 37.9pt" valign="top" width="32%"> </td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4; height: 37.9pt">
<td style="width: 67.16%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(245, 248, 243, 1); padding: 3.1pt 0.75pt 0; height: 37.9pt" valign="top" width="67%">
我需要整合多个外部数据源
</td>
<td style="width: 32.84%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); background: rgba(245, 248, 243, 1); padding: 0.75pt 0.75pt 0; height: 37.9pt" valign="top" width="32%"> </td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 5; height: 37.9pt">
<td style="width: 67.16%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(236, 242, 229, 1); padding: 3.1pt 0.75pt 0; height: 37.9pt" valign="top" width="67%">
我的系统需要99.999%高可用
</td>
<td style="width: 32.84%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); background: rgba(236, 242, 229, 1); padding: 0.75pt 0.75pt 0; height: 37.9pt" valign="top" width="32%"> </td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 6; height: 37.9pt">
<td style="width: 67.16%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(245, 248, 243, 1); padding: 3.1pt 0.75pt 0; height: 37.9pt" valign="top" width="67%">
我的系统需要大量的地理位置查询
</td>
<td style="width: 32.84%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); background: rgba(245, 248, 243, 1); padding: 0.75pt 0.75pt 0; height: 37.9pt" valign="top" width="32%"> </td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 7; height: 37.9pt">
<td style="width: 67.16%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(236, 242, 229, 1); padding: 3.1pt 0.75pt 0; height: 37.9pt" valign="top" width="67%">
我的系统需要提供最小的latency
</td>
<td style="width: 32.84%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); background: rgba(236, 242, 229, 1); padding: 0.75pt 0.75pt 0; height: 37.9pt" valign="top" width="32%"> </td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 8; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes; height: 37.9pt">
<td style="width: 67.16%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(245, 248, 243, 1); padding: 3.1pt 0.75pt 0; height: 37.9pt" valign="top" width="67%">
我要管理的主要数据对象<10
</td>
<td style="width: 32.84%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); background: rgba(245, 248, 243, 1); padding: 0.75pt 0.75pt 0; height: 37.9pt" valign="top" width="32%"> </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
　　在上面的表格中进行选择，但有1个yes的时候：可以考虑MongoDB；当有2个以上yes的时候：不会后悔的选择！
<h2>1.4 MongoDB的部署</h2>
　　MongoDB官网：https://www.mongodb.com/
　　CentOS6.X版本软件下载地址：https://www.mongodb.org/dl/linux/x86_64-rhel62
　　　　其他版本请到进行官网下载。
<h3>1.4.1 安装前准备</h3>
　　在安装之前首先确认该版本软件是否支持你的操作系统。
　　　　更多详情查看：https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/installation/ 
<table class="MsoNormalTable" style="width: 100%; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<thead>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; height: 5.15pt">
<td style="width: 16.86%; border-width: 1pt; border-color: rgba(245, 246, 247, 1); background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 1); padding: 7.5pt 9pt; height: 5.15pt" width="16%">
Platform
</td>
<td style="width: 20.74%; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt initial; border-color: rgba(245, 246, 247, 1) rgba(245, 246, 247, 1) rgba(245, 246, 247, 1) initial; border-left-style: none; background: rgba(127, 127, 127, 1); padding: 9pt; height: 5.15pt" width="20%">
3.6 Community & Enterprise
</td>
<td style="width: 20.8%; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt initial; border-color: rgba(245, 246, 247, 1) rgba(245, 246, 247, 1) rgba(245, 246, 247, 1) initial; border-left-style: none; background: rgba(127, 127, 127, 1); padding: 9pt; height: 5.15pt" width="20%">
3.4 Community & Enterprise
</td>
<td style="width: 20.8%; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt initial; border-color: rgba(245, 246, 247, 1) rgba(245, 246, 247, 1) rgba(245, 246, 247, 1) initial; border-left-style: none; background: rgba(127, 127, 127, 1); padding: 9pt; height: 5.15pt" width="20%">
3.2 Community & Enterprise
</td>
<td style="width: 20.8%; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt initial; border-color: rgba(245, 246, 247, 1) rgba(245, 246, 247, 1) rgba(245, 246, 247, 1) initial; border-left-style: none; background: rgba(127, 127, 127, 1); padding: 9pt; height: 5.15pt" width="20%">
3.0 Community & Enterprise
</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="width: 16.86%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(245, 246, 247, 1) rgba(245, 246, 247, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 1); padding: 7.5pt 9pt" width="16%">
RHEL/CentOS 6.2 and later
</td>
<td style="width: 20.74%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(245, 246, 247, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(245, 246, 247, 1); padding: 8.25pt 41.25pt 9pt" width="20%">
<span style="font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: "Segoe UI Symbol", sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Segoe UI Symbol'; color: rgba(73, 71, 71, 1); mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang="EN-US">✓
</td>
<td style="width: 20.8%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(245, 246, 247, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(245, 246, 247, 1); padding: 8.25pt 41.25pt 9pt" width="20%">
<span style="font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: "Segoe UI Symbol", sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Segoe UI Symbol'; color: rgba(73, 71, 71, 1); mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang="EN-US">✓
</td>
<td style="width: 20.8%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(245, 246, 247, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(245, 246, 247, 1); padding: 8.25pt 41.25pt 9pt" width="20%">
<span style="font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: "Segoe UI Symbol", sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Segoe UI Symbol'; color: rgba(73, 71, 71, 1); mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang="EN-US">✓
</td>
<td style="width: 20.8%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(245, 246, 247, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(245, 246, 247, 1); padding: 8.25pt 41.25pt 9pt" width="20%">
<span style="font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: "Segoe UI Symbol", sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Segoe UI Symbol'; color: rgba(73, 71, 71, 1); mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang="EN-US">✓
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 16.86%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(245, 246, 247, 1) rgba(245, 246, 247, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(238, 238, 238, 1); padding: 7.5pt 9pt" width="16%">
RHEL/CentOS 7.0 and later
</td>
<td style="width: 20.74%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(245, 246, 247, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(245, 246, 247, 1); padding: 8.25pt 41.25pt 9pt" width="20%">
<span style="font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: "Segoe UI Symbol", sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Segoe UI Symbol'; color: rgba(73, 71, 71, 1); mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang="EN-US">✓
</td>
<td style="width: 20.8%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(245, 246, 247, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(245, 246, 247, 1); padding: 8.25pt 41.25pt 9pt" width="20%">
<span style="font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: "Segoe UI Symbol", sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Segoe UI Symbol'; color: rgba(73, 71, 71, 1); mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang="EN-US">✓
</td>
<td style="width: 20.8%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(245, 246, 247, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(245, 246, 247, 1); padding: 8.25pt 41.25pt 9pt" width="20%">
<span style="font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: "Segoe UI Symbol", sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Segoe UI Symbol'; color: rgba(73, 71, 71, 1); mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang="EN-US">✓
</td>
<td style="width: 20.8%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(245, 246, 247, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(245, 246, 247, 1); padding: 8.25pt 41.25pt 9pt" width="20%">
<span style="font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: "Segoe UI Symbol", sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Segoe UI Symbol'; color: rgba(73, 71, 71, 1); mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang="EN-US">✓
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3>1.4.2 环境说明</h3>
系统环境说明：
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre># cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS release 6.9 (Final)
# uname -r
2.6.32-696.el6.x86_64
# /etc/init.d/iptables status
iptables: Firewall is not running.
# getenforce
Disabled
# hostname -I
10.0.0.152 172.16.1.152</pre>
</div>
</div>
软件版本说明
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>本次使用的mongodb版本为：mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.2.8.tgz</pre>
</div>
</div>
<h3>1.4.3 部署MongoDB</h3>
在root用户下操作
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>cat >> /etc/rc.local <<'EOF'
if test -f /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled; then
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
fi
if test -f /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag; then
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag
fi
EOF</pre>
</div>
　　该方法仅限与CentOS系统使用，其他系统关闭参照官方文档：   　　　　　　https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/tutorial/transparent-huge-pages/
</div>
　　Transparent Huge Pages (THP)，通过使用更大的内存页面，可以减少具有大量内存的机器上的缓冲区（TLB）查找的开销。
　　但是，数据库工作负载通常对THP表现不佳，因为它们往往具有稀疏而不是连续的内存访问模式。您应该在Linux机器上禁用THP，以确保MongoDB的最佳性能。
创建用户 
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>groupadd -g 800 mongod
useradd-u 801 -g mongodmongod</pre>
</div>
</div>
　　修改用户密码
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>echo 123456 |passwd --stdinmongod</pre>
</div>
</div>
创建程序目录
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>mkdir -p /application/mongodb/ &&\
cd/application/mongodb/ &&\
mkdir-pbinconflogdata</pre>
</div>
</div>
下载程序
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>cd/application/mongodb/
wget http://downloads.mongodb.org/linux/mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.2.8.tgz</pre>
</div>
</div>
解压程序
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>tar xfmongodb-linux-x86_64-3.2.8.tgz
cd mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.2.8/bin/ &&\
cp * /mongodb/bin</pre>
</div>
</div>
修改程序属主
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>chown -R mongod:mongod /application/mongodb</pre>
</div>
</div>
　　切换到mongod用户，设置用户环境变量
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>su - mongod</pre>
</div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>cat >> .bash_profile <<'EOF'
export PATH=/mongodb/bin:$PATH
EOF
source .bashprofile</pre>
</div>
</div>
　　   至此，MongoDB数据库部署完成
<h3>1.4.4 管理MongoDB</h3>
　　数据库的启动与关闭
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>启动：mongod --dbpath=/application/mongodb/data --logpath=/application/mongodb/log/mongodb.log --port=27017 --logappend --fork
关闭：mongod --shutdown--dbpath=/application/mongodb/data --logpath=/application/mongodb/log/mongodb.log --port=27017 --logappend --fork</pre>
</div>
</div>
   参数说明: 
<table class="MsoTable15Grid4Accent1" style="width: 100%; border-style: none" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="width: 32.48%; border-width: 1pt initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: rgba(79, 129, 189, 1) initial rgba(79, 129, 189, 1) rgba(79, 129, 189, 1); border-right-style: none; background: rgba(79, 129, 189, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" valign="top" width="32%">
参数
</td>
<td style="width: 67.52%; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt initial; border-color: rgba(79, 129, 189, 1) rgba(79, 129, 189, 1) rgba(79, 129, 189, 1) initial; border-left-style: none; background: rgba(79, 129, 189, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" valign="top" width="67%">
参数说明
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 32.48%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(149, 179, 215, 1) rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(219, 229, 241, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" valign="top" width="32%">
--dbpath     
</td>
<td style="width: 67.52%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); background: rgba(219, 229, 241, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" valign="top" width="67%">
数据存放路径
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 32.48%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(149, 179, 215, 1) rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-top-style: none; padding: 0 5.4pt" valign="top" width="32%">
--logpath    
</td>
<td style="width: 67.52%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" valign="top" width="67%">
日志文件路径
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 32.48%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(149, 179, 215, 1) rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(219, 229, 241, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" valign="top" width="32%">
--logappend  
</td>
<td style="width: 67.52%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); background: rgba(219, 229, 241, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" valign="top" width="67%">
日志输出方式
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 32.48%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(149, 179, 215, 1) rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-top-style: none; padding: 0 5.4pt" valign="top" width="32%">
--port       
</td>
<td style="width: 67.52%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" valign="top" width="67%">
启用端口号
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 32.48%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(149, 179, 215, 1) rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(219, 229, 241, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" valign="top" width="32%">
--fork       
</td>
<td style="width: 67.52%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); background: rgba(219, 229, 241, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" valign="top" width="67%">
在后台运行
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 32.48%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(149, 179, 215, 1) rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-top-style: none; padding: 0 5.4pt" valign="top" width="32%">
--auth       
</td>
<td style="width: 67.52%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" valign="top" width="67%">
是否需要验证权限登录(用户名和密码)
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 32.48%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(149, 179, 215, 1) rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(219, 229, 241, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" valign="top" width="32%">
--bind_ip    
</td>
<td style="width: 67.52%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); background: rgba(219, 229, 241, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" valign="top" width="67%">
限制访问的ip
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 32.48%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(149, 179, 215, 1) rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-top-style: none; padding: 0 5.4pt" valign="top" width="32%">
--shutdown
</td>
<td style="width: 67.52%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" valign="top" width="67%">
关闭数据库
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
登入数据库
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>$ mongo
MongoDB shell version: 3.2.8
connecting to: test
></pre>
</div>
</div>
使用配置文件的方式管理数据库：
　　普通格式配置文件：
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>cd /application/mongodb/conf/
$ vim mongod1.conf
dbpath=/application/mongodb/data
logpath=/application/mongodb/log/mongodb.log
port=27017
logappend=1
fork=1</pre>
</div>
</div>
   使用配置文件时的启动与关闭：
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>启动：mongod -f mongod1.conf
关闭：mongod -f mongod1.conf--shutdown</pre>
</div>
　　YAML格式配置文件（3.X 版本官方推荐使用）
</div>
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>$ catmongod.conf
systemLog:
destination: file
path: "/application/mongodb/log/mongod.log"
logAppend: true
storage:
journal:
 enabled: true
dbPath: "/application/mongodb/data"
processManagement:
fork: true
net:
port: 27017</pre>
</div>
</div>
在数据库中关闭数据库的方法
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>shell > mongo
$ mongo
MongoDB shell version: 3.2.8
connecting to: test
> db.shutdownServer()
shutdown command only works with the admin database; try 'use admin'
> use admin
> db.shutdownServer()
server should be down...</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div>
注：
<blockquote>
mongod进程收到SIGINT信号或者SIGTERM信号，会做一些处理
> 关闭所有打开的连接
> 将内存数据强制刷新到磁盘
> 当前的操作执行完毕
> 安全停止
　　切忌kill -9
 
 　　数据库直接关闭，数据丢失，数据文件损失，修复数据库（成本高，有风险）
</blockquote>
</div>
   使用kill命令关闭进程
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>$ kill -2 PID
　　原理：-2表示向mongod进程发送SIGINT信号。
或
$ kill -4 PID
　　原理：-4表示向mognod进程发送SIGTERM信号。</pre>
</div>
</div>
使用脚本管理mongodb服务
   注：该脚本可以直接在root用户下运行
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code"><img id="code_img_closed_a536c7f0-5f93-49a1-bde2-20c8eb3f49ad" class="code_img_closed" src="https://images.cnblogs.com/OutliningIndicators/ContractedBlock.gif" alt=""><img id="code_img_opened_a536c7f0-5f93-49a1-bde2-20c8eb3f49ad" class="code_img_opened" style="display: none" src="https://images.cnblogs.com/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif" alt="">
<div id="cnblogs_code_open_a536c7f0-5f93-49a1-bde2-20c8eb3f49ad" class="cnblogs_code_hide">
<pre> 1 # cat/etc/init.d/mongod
 2 #!/bin/bash
 3 #
 4 # chkconfig: 2345 80 90
 5 # description:mongodb
 6 # by clsn
 7 # blog_url http://blog.nmtui.com
 8 #################################
 9
10 MONGODIR=/application/mongodb
11 MONGOD=$MONGODIR/bin/mongod
12 MONGOCONF=$MONGODIR/conf/mongod.conf
13 InfoFile=/tmp/start.mongo
14
15 . /etc/init.d/functions
16
17 status(){
18 PID=`awk 'NR==2{print $NF}' $InfoFile`
19 Run_Num=`ps -p $PID|wc -l`
20 if [ $Run_Num -eq 2 ]; then
21 echo "MongoDB is running"
22 else
23 echo "MongoDB is shutdown"
24 return 3
25 fi
26 }
27
28 start() {
29 status &>/dev/null
30 if [ $? -ne 3 ];then
31 action "启动MongoDB,服务运行中..."/bin/false
32 exit 2
33 fi
34 sudo su - mongod -c "$MONGOD -f $MONGOCONF" >$InfoFile 2>/dev/null
35 if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
36 action "启动MongoDB"/bin/true
37 else
38 action "启动MongoDB"/bin/false
39 fi
40 }
41
42
43 stop() {
44 sudo su - mongod -c "$MONGOD -f $MONGOCONF --shutdown"&>/dev/null
45 if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
46 action "停止MongoDB"/bin/true
47 else
48 action "停止MongoDB"/bin/false
49 fi
50 }
51
52
53 case "$1" in
54 start)
55 start
56 ;;
57 stop)
58 stop
59 ;;
60 restart)
61 stop
62 sleep 2
63 start
64 ;;
65 status)
66 status
67 ;;
68 *)
69 echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|status}"
70 exit 1
71 esac</pre>
</div>
View Code 脚本管理mongodb服务 </div>
</div>
<h2>1.5 MongoDB的基本操作</h2>
Mongodb中关键字种类：
<div>
<blockquote>
db（数据库实例级别）
         db本身
             db.connection 数据库下的集合信息
                 db.collection.xxx(
rs（复制集级别）
 
sh（分片级别）
</blockquote>
</div>
<h3>1.5.1 查询操作</h3>
在客户端指定数据库进行连接：（默认连接本机test数据库）
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>$ mongo 10.0.0.152/admin
MongoDB shell version: 3.2.8
connecting to: 10.0.0.152/admin
> db
admin</pre>
</div>
</div>
查看当前数据库版本
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>> db.version()
3.2.8</pre>
</div>
</div>
切换数据库
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>> use test;
switched to db test</pre>
</div>
</div>
显示当前数据库
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>> db
test
> db.getName()
test</pre>
</div>
</div>
查询所有数据库
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>> show dbs;
clsn 0.000GB
local0.000GB
test 0.000GB
> show databases;
clsn 0.000GB
local0.000GB
test 0.000GB</pre>
</div>
</div>
查看clsn数据库当前状态
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>> use clsn;
> db.stats()
{
"db" : "clsn",
"collections" : 1,
"objects" : 10000,
"avgObjSize" : 80,
"dataSize" : 800000,
"storageSize" : 258048,
"numExtents" : 0,
"indexes" : 1,
"indexSize" : 94208,
"ok" : 1
}</pre>
</div>
</div>
查看当前数据库的连接机器地址
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>> db.getMongo()
connection to 127.0.0.1</pre>
</div>
</div>
<h3>1.5.2 数据管理</h3>
创建数据库
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>> use clsn;</pre>
</div>
</div>
说明：
<div>
<blockquote>
<div style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
创建数据库：
当use的时候，系统就会自动创建一个数据库。
如果use之后没有创建任何集合。系统就会删除这个数据库。
</div>
</blockquote>
</div>
<div>
删除数据库
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>> show dbs;
clsn 0.000GB
local0.000GB
test 0.000GB
> use clsn
switched to db clsn
> db.dropDatabase()
{ "dropped" : "clsn", "ok" : 1 }</pre>
</div>
</div>
说明：
<div>
<blockquote>
删除数据库：
 
　　如果没有选择任何数据库，会删除默认的test数据库
</blockquote>
</div>
创建集合
   方法一：
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>> use clsn;
switched to db clsn
> db.createCollection('a')
{ "ok" : 1 }
> db.createCollection('b')
{ "ok" : 1 }</pre>
</div>
</div>
   查看当前数据下的所有集合
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>> show collections;
a
b
> db.getCollectionNames()
[ "a", "b" ]</pre>
</div>
</div>
方法二：
　　当插入一个文档的时候，一个集合就会自动创建。
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>> use clsn;
switched to db clsn
> db.c.insert({name:'clsn'});
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
> db.c.insert({url:'http://blog.nmtui.com'});
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })</pre>
</div>
</div>
   查看创建的合集
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>> db.getCollectionNames()
[ "a", "b", "c" ]</pre>
</div>
</div>
   查看合集里的内容
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>> db.c.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a4cbcea83ec78b7bea904f8"), "name" : "clsn" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5a4cbcfc83ec78b7bea904f9"), "url" : "http://blog.nmtui.com" }</pre>
</div>
</div>
重命名集合
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>> db.c.renameCollection("clsn")
{ "ok" : 1 }
> db.getCollectionNames()
[ "a", "b", "clsn" ]</pre>
</div>
</div>
   删除合集
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>> db.a.drop()
true
> db.getCollectionNames()
[ "b", "clsn" ]</pre>
</div>
</div>
   插入1w行数据
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>> for(i=0;i<10000;i++){ db.log.insert({"uid":i,"name":"mongodb","age":6,"date":new Date()}); }
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })</pre>
</div>
</div>
查询集合中的查询所有记录
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>> db.log.find()</pre>
</div>
</div>
注：默认每页显示20条记录，当显示不下的的情况下，可以用it迭代命令查询下一页数据。
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>> DBQuery.shellBatchSize=50; # 每页显示50条记录
50
app> db.log.findOne() # 查看第1条记录
app> db.log.count() # 查询总的记录数
app> db.log.find({uid:1000}); # 查询UUID为1000的数据</pre>
</div>
</div>
删除集合中的记录数
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>>db.log.distinct("name") #查询去掉当前集合中某列的重复数据
[ "mongodb" ]
> db.log.remove({}) #删除集合中所有记录
WriteResult({ "nRemoved" : 10000 })
> db.log.distinct("name")
[ ]</pre>
</div>
</div>
查看集合存储信息
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>> db.log.stats() # 查看数据状态
> db.log.dataSize() # 集合中数据的原始大小
> db.log.totalIndexSize() # 集合中索引数据的原始大小
> db.log.totalSize() # 集合中索引+数据压缩存储之后的大小
> db.log.storageSize() # 集合中数据压缩存储的大小</pre>
</div>
pretty()使用
</div>
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>> db.log.find({uid:1000}).pretty()
{
"_id" : ObjectId("5a4c5c0bdf067ab57602f7c2"),
"uid" : 1000,
"name" : "mongodb",
"age" : 6,
"date" : ISODate("2018-01-03T04:28:59.343Z")
}</pre>
</div>
</div>
<h2>1.6 MongoDB中用户管理</h2>
　　MongoDB数据库默认是没有用户名及密码的，即无权限访问限制。为了方便数据库的管理和安全，需创建数据库用户。
<h3>1.6.1 用户的权限</h3>
　　用户中权限的说明 
<table class="MsoTable15Grid4Accent3" style="width: 100%; border-style: none" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="width: 31.14%; border-width: 1pt initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: rgba(155, 187, 89, 1) initial rgba(155, 187, 89, 1) rgba(155, 187, 89, 1); border-right-style: none; background: rgba(155, 187, 89, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="31%">
权限
</td>
<td style="width: 68.86%; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt initial; border-color: rgba(155, 187, 89, 1) rgba(155, 187, 89, 1) rgba(155, 187, 89, 1) initial; border-left-style: none; background: rgba(155, 187, 89, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="68%">
说明
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 31.14%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(194, 214, 155, 1) rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="31%">
Read                 
</td>
<td style="width: 68.86%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="68%">
允许用户读取指定数据库
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 31.14%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(194, 214, 155, 1) rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-top-style: none; padding: 0 5.4pt" width="31%">
readWrite            
</td>
<td style="width: 68.86%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="68%">
允许用户读写指定数据库
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 31.14%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(194, 214, 155, 1) rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="31%">
dbAdmin              
</td>
<td style="width: 68.86%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="68%">
允许用户在指定数据库中执行管理函数，如索引创建、删除，查看统计或访问system.profile
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 31.14%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(194, 214, 155, 1) rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-top-style: none; padding: 0 5.4pt" width="31%">
userAdmin            
</td>
<td style="width: 68.86%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="68%">
允许用户向system.users集合写入，可以找指定数据库里创建、删除和管理用户
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 31.14%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(194, 214, 155, 1) rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="31%">
clusterAdmin         
</td>
<td style="width: 68.86%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="68%">
只在admin数据库中可用，赋予用户所有分片和复制集相关函数的管理权限。
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 31.14%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(194, 214, 155, 1) rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-top-style: none; padding: 0 5.4pt" width="31%">
readAnyDatabase      
</td>
<td style="width: 68.86%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="68%">
只在admin数据库中可用，赋予用户所有数据库的读权限
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 31.14%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(194, 214, 155, 1) rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="31%">
readWriteAnyDatabase 
</td>
<td style="width: 68.86%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="68%">
只在admin数据库中可用，赋予用户所有数据库的读写权限
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 31.14%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(194, 214, 155, 1) rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-top-style: none; padding: 0 5.4pt" width="31%">
userAdminAnyDatabase 
</td>
<td style="width: 68.86%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="68%">
只在admin数据库中可用，赋予用户所有数据库的userAdmin权限
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 31.14%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(194, 214, 155, 1) rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="31%">
dbAdminAnyDatabase   
</td>
<td style="width: 68.86%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); background: rgba(234, 241, 221, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="68%">
只在admin数据库中可用，赋予用户所有数据库的dbAdmin权限。
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 31.14%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(194, 214, 155, 1) rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-top-style: none; padding: 0 5.4pt" width="31%">
root                 
</td>
<td style="width: 68.86%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(194, 214, 155, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="68%">
只在admin数据库中可用。超级账号，超级权限
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
　　 更多关于用户权限的说明参照：https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/core/security-built-in-roles/
用户创建语法  
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>{
user: "<name>",
pwd: "<cleartext password>",
customData: { <any information> },
roles: [
{ role: "<role>",
db: "<database>" } | "<role>",
...
]
}</pre>
</div>
</div>
语法说明：
<div>
<blockquote>
user字段：用户的名字;
pwd字段：用户的密码;
cusomData字段：为任意内容，例如可以为用户全名介绍;
roles字段：指定用户的角色，可以用一个空数组给新用户设定空角色；
 
roles 字段：可以指定内置角色和用户定义的角色。
</blockquote>
</div>
<h3>1.6.2 创建管理员用户</h3>
进入管理数据库
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>> use admin</pre>
</div>
</div>
创建管理用户，root权限
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>db.createUser(
{
user: "root",
pwd: "root",
roles: [ { role: "root", db: "admin" } ]
}
) </pre>
</div>
</div>
注意：
<blockquote>
   　　创建管理员角色用户的时候，必须到admin下创建。
 
  　　 删除的时候也要到相应的库下操作。
</blockquote>
查看创建完用户后的collections；
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre> > show tables;
system.users# 用户存放位置
system.version</pre>
</div>
</div>
查看创建的管理员用户
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre> > show users
{
 "_id" : "admin.root",
 "user" : "root",
 "db" : "admin",
 "roles" : [
 {
 "role" : "root",
 "db" : "admin"
 }
 ]
}</pre>
</div>
</div>
验证用户是否能用
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>> db.auth("root","root")
1# 返回 1 即为成功</pre>
</div>
</div>
用户创建完成后在配置文件中开启用户验证
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>cat >>/application/mongodb/conf/mongod.conf<<-'EOF'
security:
authorization: enabled
EOF</pre>
</div>
</div>
重启服务
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>/etc/init.d/mongodrestart</pre>
</div>
　　登陆测试，注意登陆时选择admin数据库
</div>
　　　　注意：用户在哪个数据库下创建的，最后加上什么库。
方法一：命令行中进行登陆
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>$ mongo -uroot -proot admin
MongoDB shell version: 3.2.8
connecting to: admin
> </pre>
</div>
</div>
方法二：在数据库中进行登陆验证：
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>$ mongo
MongoDB shell version: 3.2.8
connecting to: test
> use admin
switched to db admin
> db.auth("root","root")
1
> show tables;
system.users
system.version</pre>
</div>
</div>
<h3>1.6.3 按生产需求创建应用用户</h3>
创建对某库的只读用户
   在test库创建只读用户test
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>use test
db.createUser(
{
user: "test",
pwd: "test",
roles: [ { role: "read", db: "test" } ]
}
)</pre>
</div>
</div>
   测试用户是否创建成功
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>db.auth("test","test")
showusers;</pre>
</div>
</div>
登录test用户，并测试是否只读
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>show collections;
db.createCollection('b')</pre>
</div>
</div>
创建某库的读写用户
　　创建test1用户，权限为读写
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>db.createUser(
{
user: "test1",
pwd: "test1",
roles: [ { role: "readWrite", db: "test" } ]
}
)</pre>
</div>
</div>
   查看并测试用户
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>show users;
db.auth("test1","test1")</pre>
</div>
</div>
创建对多库不同权限的用户
   创建对app为读写权限，对test库为只读权限的用户
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>use app
db.createUser(
{
user: "app",
pwd: "app",
roles: [ { role: "readWrite", db: "app" },
 { role: "read", db: "test" }
]
}
)</pre>
</div>
</div>
查看并测试用户
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>show users
db.auth("app","app")</pre>
</div>
</div>
删除用户
   删除app用户：先登录到admin数据库
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>mongo -uroot –proot 127.0.0.1/admin</pre>
</div>
</div>
   进入app库删除app用户
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>use app
db.dropUser("app")</pre>
</div>
</div>
<h3>1.6.4 自定义数据库</h3>
创建app数据库的管理员：先登录到admin数据库
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>use app
db.createUser(
{
user: "admin",
pwd: "admin",
roles: [ { role: "dbAdmin", db: "app" } ]
}
)</pre>
</div>
</div>
创建app数据库读写权限的用户并具有clusterAdmin权限：
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>use app
db.createUser(
{
user: "app04",
pwd: "app04",
roles: [ { role: "readWrite", db: "app" },
{ role: "clusterAdmin", db: "admin" }
]
}
)</pre>
</div>
</div>
<h2>1.7 SQL与MongoDB语言对比</h2>
SQL语言与CRUD语言对照 
<table class="MsoTable15Grid4Accent1" style="width: 100%; border-style: none" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="width: 37.92%; border-width: 1pt initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: rgba(79, 129, 189, 1) initial rgba(79, 129, 189, 1) rgba(79, 129, 189, 1); border-right-style: none; background: rgba(79, 129, 189, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="37%">
SQL Schema Statements
</td>
<td style="width: 62.08%; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt initial; border-color: rgba(79, 129, 189, 1) rgba(79, 129, 189, 1) rgba(79, 129, 189, 1) initial; border-left-style: none; background: rgba(79, 129, 189, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="62%">
MongoDB Schema Statements
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 37.92%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(149, 179, 215, 1) rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(219, 229, 241, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="37%">
CREATE TABLE users (
id MEDIUMINT NOT NULL
AUTO_INCREMENT,
user_id Varchar(30),
age Number,
status char(1),
PRIMARY KEY (id)
)
</td>
<td style="width: 62.08%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); background: rgba(219, 229, 241, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="62%">
Implicitly created on first insert() operation. The primary 
key _idis automatically added if _id field is not specified.
db.users.insert( {
user_id: "abc123",
age: 55,
status: "A"
} )
However, you can also explicitly create a collection:
db.createCollection("users")
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 37.92%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(149, 179, 215, 1) rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-top-style: none; padding: 0 5.4pt" width="37%">
ALTER TABLE users
ADD join_date DATETIME
</td>
<td style="width: 62.08%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="62%">
在Collection 级没有数据结构概念。然而在 document级，可以通过$set在
update操作添加列到文档中。
db.users.update(
{ },
{ $set: { join_date: new Date() } },
{ multi: true }
)
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 37.92%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(149, 179, 215, 1) rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(219, 229, 241, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="37%">
ALTER TABLE users
DROP COLUMN join_date
</td>
<td style="width: 62.08%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); background: rgba(219, 229, 241, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="62%">
在Collection 级没有数据结构概念。然而在 document级，可以通过$unset
在update操作从文档中删除列。
db.users.update(
{ },
{ $unset: { join_date: "" } },
{ multi: true }
)
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 37.92%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(149, 179, 215, 1) rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-top-style: none; padding: 0 5.4pt" width="37%">
CREATE INDEX idx_user_id_asc
ON users(user_id)
</td>
<td style="width: 62.08%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="62%">
db.users.createIndex( { user_id: 1 } )
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 37.92%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(149, 179, 215, 1) rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(219, 229, 241, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="37%">
CREATE INDEX
idx_user_id_asc_age_desc
ON users(user_id, age DESC)
</td>
<td style="width: 62.08%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); background: rgba(219, 229, 241, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="62%">
db.users.createIndex( { user_id: 1, age: -1 } )
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 37.92%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(149, 179, 215, 1) rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-top-style: none; padding: 0 5.4pt" width="37%">
DROP TABLE users
</td>
<td style="width: 62.08%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="62%">
db.users.drop()
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
插入/删除/更新语句对比
<table class="MsoTable15Grid4Accent1" style="width: 100%; border-style: none" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="width: 39.26%; border-width: 1pt initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: rgba(79, 129, 189, 1) initial rgba(79, 129, 189, 1) rgba(79, 129, 189, 1); border-right-style: none; background: rgba(79, 129, 189, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="39%">
SQL  Statements
</td>
<td style="width: 60.74%; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt initial; border-color: rgba(79, 129, 189, 1) rgba(79, 129, 189, 1) rgba(79, 129, 189, 1) initial; border-left-style: none; background: rgba(79, 129, 189, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="60%">
MongoDB  Statements
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 39.26%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(149, 179, 215, 1) rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(219, 229, 241, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="39%">
INSERT INTO
users(user_id,
age
status)
VALUES ("bcd001",
45,
"A")
</td>
<td style="width: 60.74%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); background: rgba(219, 229, 241, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="60%">
db.users.insert(
{ user_id: "bcd001", age:
45, status: "A" }
)
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 39.26%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(149, 179, 215, 1) rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-top-style: none; padding: 0 5.4pt" width="39%">
DELETE FROM users
WHERE status = "D"
</td>
<td style="width: 60.74%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="60%">
db.users.remove( { status: "D" } )
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 39.26%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(149, 179, 215, 1) rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(219, 229, 241, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="39%">
DELETE FROM users
</td>
<td style="width: 60.74%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); background: rgba(219, 229, 241, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="60%">
db.users.remove({})
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 39.26%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(149, 179, 215, 1) rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-top-style: none; padding: 0 5.4pt" width="39%">
UPDATE users
SET status = "C"
WHERE age > 25
</td>
<td style="width: 60.74%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="60%">
db.users.update(
{ age: { $gt: 25 } },
{ $set: { status: "C" } },
{ multi: true }
)
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 39.26%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(149, 179, 215, 1) rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(219, 229, 241, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="39%">
UPDATE users
SET age = age + 3
WHERE status = "A"
</td>
<td style="width: 60.74%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); background: rgba(219, 229, 241, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" width="60%">
db.users.update(
{ status: "A" } ,
{ $inc: { age: 3 } },
{ multi: true }
)
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
查询类操作对比 
<table class="MsoTable15Grid4Accent1" style="width: 100%; border-style: none" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="width: 39.26%; border-width: 1pt initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: rgba(79, 129, 189, 1) initial rgba(79, 129, 189, 1) rgba(79, 129, 189, 1); border-right-style: none; background: rgba(79, 129, 189, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" valign="top" width="39%">
SQL SELECT Statements
</td>
<td style="width: 60.74%; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt initial; border-color: rgba(79, 129, 189, 1) rgba(79, 129, 189, 1) rgba(79, 129, 189, 1) initial; border-left-style: none; background: rgba(79, 129, 189, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" valign="top" width="60%">
MongoDB find() Statements
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 39.26%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(149, 179, 215, 1) rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(219, 229, 241, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" valign="top" width="39%">
SELECT *
FROM users
</td>
<td style="width: 60.74%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); background: rgba(219, 229, 241, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" valign="top" width="60%">
db.users.find()
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 39.26%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(149, 179, 215, 1) rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-top-style: none; padding: 0 5.4pt" valign="top" width="39%">
SELECT id,
user_id,
status
FROM users
</td>
<td style="width: 60.74%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" valign="top" width="60%">
db.users.find(
{ },
{ user_id: 1, status: 1, _id: 0 }
)
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 39.26%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(149, 179, 215, 1) rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(219, 229, 241, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" valign="top" width="39%">
SELECT user_id, status
FROM users
</td>
<td style="width: 60.74%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); background: rgba(219, 229, 241, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" valign="top" width="60%">
db.users.find(
{ },
{ user_id: 1, status: 1 }
)
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 39.26%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(149, 179, 215, 1) rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-top-style: none; padding: 0 5.4pt" valign="top" width="39%">
SELECT *
FROM users
WHERE status = "A"
</td>
<td style="width: 60.74%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" valign="top" width="60%">
db.users.find(
{ status: "A" }
)
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 39.26%; border-width: initial 1pt 1pt; border-color: initial rgba(149, 179, 215, 1) rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-top-style: none; background: rgba(219, 229, 241, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" valign="top" width="39%">
SELECT user_id, status
FROM users
WHERE status = "A"
</td>
<td style="width: 60.74%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgba(149, 179, 215, 1); background: rgba(219, 229, 241, 1); padding: 0 5.4pt" valign="top" width="60%">
db.users.find(
{ status: "A" },
{ user_id: 1, status: 1, _id: 0 }
)
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2>1.8 错误解决</h2>
<h6>　　在登陆数据库的时候，发现会由描述文件相关的报错。</h6>
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>$ mongo
MongoDB shell version: 3.2.8
connecting to: test
Server has startup warnings:
2018-01-03T11:08:55.526+0800 I CONTROL
2018-01-03T11:08:55.526+0800 I CONTROL ** WARNING: soft rlimits too low. rlimits set to 19193 processes, 65535 files. Number of processes should be at least 32767.5 : 0.5 times number of files.</pre>
</div>
</div>
解决办法：
<div>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf <<EOF
mongod soft nofile 32767.5
mongod soft nproc 32767.5
EOF</pre>
</div>
</div>
   修改后，重启服务器，即可解决该问题。
<h2>1.9 参考文献</h2>
<div>
<blockquote>
  https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/introduction/
  http://www.mongoing.com/docs/introduction.html
  https://zh.wikipedia.org/
  https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/core/security-built-in-roles/
</blockquote>
</div>
 

</div>
<div id="MySignature" role="contentinfo">
<div style="padding: 5px; background: #ff9; border: solid 1px #ccc">
作者：惨绿少年
 
出处：http://clsn.io
 
本文版权归作者所有，欢迎转载，但未经作者同意必须保留此段声明，且在文章页面明显位置给出原文连接，否则保留追究法律责任的权利。
 
</div> 
来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/clsn/p/8214194.html

頁: [1]

琼殿技术论坛's Archiver

MongoDB 入门篇