汪克健 發表於 2019-6-23 14:07:00

Node.js安装windows环境

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<h6 class="title">一、安装环境</h6>
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<p>1、本机系统：Windows 10 Pro（64位）<br>2、Node.js：v6.9.2LTS（64位）</p>
<h6>二、安装Node.js步骤</h6>
<p>1、下载对应你系统的Node.js版本:https://nodejs.org/en/download/<br>2、选安装目录进行安装<br>3、环境配置<br>4、测试</p>
<h6>三、前期准备</h6>
<p>1、Node.js简介<br>简单的说 Node.js 就是运行在服务端的 JavaScript。Node.js 是一个基于&nbsp;Chrome V8&nbsp;引擎的 JavaScript 运行环境。Node.js 使用了一个事件驱动、非阻塞式 I/O 的模型，使其轻量又高效。Node.js 的包管理器&nbsp;npm，是全球最大的开源库生态系统。<br>2、下载Node.js<br>打开官网下载链接:https://nodejs.org/en/download/&nbsp;我这里下载的是node-v6.9.2-x64.msi,如下图：</p>
<div class="image-package"><img src="//upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/2267589-bb1555667d5355af.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2"></div>
<h6>四、开始安装</h6>
<p>1、下载完成后，双击“node-v6.9.2-x64.msi”，开始安装Node.js</p>
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<p><br>点击【Next】按钮</p>
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<p><br>勾选复选框，点击【Next】按钮</p>
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<p><br>修改好目录后，点击【Next】按钮</p>
<div class="image-package"><img src="//upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/2267589-f40b21a6ccbebefa.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2"></div>
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<p><br>安装完后点击【Finish】按钮完成安装</p>
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<p>至此Node.js已经安装完成，可以先进行下简单的测试安装是否成功了，后面还要进行环境配置<br>在键盘按下【win+R】键，输入cmd，然后回车，打开cmd窗口</p>
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<p>安装完后的目录如下图所示：</p>
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<p>此处说明下：新版的Node.js已自带npm，安装Node.js时会一起安装，npm的作用就是对Node.js依赖的包进行管理，也可以理解为用来安装/卸载Node.js需要装的东西</p>
<h6>五、环境配置</h6>
<p>说明：这里的环境配置主要配置的是npm安装的全局模块所在的路径，以及缓存cache的路径，之所以要配置，是因为以后在执行类似：npm install express [-g] （后面的可选参数-g，g代表global全局安装的意思）的安装语句时，会将安装的模块安装到【C:\Users\用户名\AppData\Roaming\npm】路径中，占C盘空间。<br>例如：我希望将全模块所在路径和缓存路径放在我node.js安装的文件夹中，则在我安装的文件夹【D:\Develop\nodejs】下创建两个文件夹【node_global】及【node_cache】如下图：</p>
<div class="image-package"><img src="//upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/2267589-51ed23771f3a86e2.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2"></div>
<p>创建完两个空文件夹之后，打开cmd命令窗口，输入</p>
<pre class="hljs lsl"><code class="lsl hljs sql">npm config <span class="hljs-keyword">set</span> prefix <span class="hljs-string"><span class="hljs-string">"D:\Develop</span><span class="hljs-subst"><span class="hljs-string">\nodejs</span><span class="hljs-subst"><span class="hljs-string">\node_global"</span>
npm config <span class="hljs-keyword">set</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">cache</span> <span class="hljs-string"><span class="hljs-string">"D:\Develop</span><span class="hljs-subst"><span class="hljs-string">\nodejs</span><span class="hljs-subst"><span class="hljs-string">\node_cache"</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></code></pre>
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<p>接下来设置环境变量，关闭cmd窗口，“我的电脑”-右键-“属性”-“高级系统设置”-“高级”-“环境变量”</p>
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<p>进入环境变量对话框，在【系统变量】下新建【NODE_PATH】，输入【D:\Develop\nodejs\node_global\node_modules】，将【用户变量】下的【Path】修改为【D:\Develop\nodejs\node_global】</p>
<div class="image-package"><img src="//upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/2267589-ca94af8646fab0b4.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2"></div>
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<h6>六、测试</h6>
<p>配置完后，安装个module测试下，我们就安装最常用的express模块，打开cmd窗口，<br>输入如下命令进行模块的全局安装：</p>
<pre class="hljs cmake"><code class="cmake hljs">npm <span class="hljs-keyword"><span class="hljs-keyword">install</span> express -g   <span class="hljs-comment"><span class="hljs-comment"># -g是全局安装的意思</span></span></span></code></pre>
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<h6>&nbsp;</h6>
<p>如果出错：</p>
<p>unknown error,mkdir<br>解决方案:<br>https://blog.csdn.net/hj08053127/article/details/77987443</p>


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<div class="show-foot"><span class="iconfont ic-search-notebook">七、更换包源</span></div>
<div class="show-foot"><span class="iconfont ic-search-notebook">更换成淘宝的源<br>npm config set registry&nbsp;https://registry.npm.taobao.org&nbsp;<br>– 配置后可通过下面方式来验证是否成功&nbsp;<br>npm config get registry&nbsp;<br>– 或npm info express</span></div>
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<div class="show-foot"><span class="iconfont ic-search-notebook"><span class="iconfont ic-search-notebook">本文转自</span></span>:https://www.cnblogs.com/zhouyu2017/p/6485265.html</div>


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来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/wudequn/p/11072561.html
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