公众号后台开发(SpingMVC接收与响应公众号消息)

国民花子斌 發表於 2019-10-23 23:32:00

公众号后台开发(SpingMVC接收与响应公众号消息)

<h2>1.准备</h2>
<h3>1.准备服务</h3>
与微信对接的url要具备以下条件:
(1)在公网上能够访问
(2)端口只支持80端口
　　在这里如果是公网能够访问的服务最好，也可以通过花生壳或者其他外网映射工具进行映射，比如ngrok。
<h3>2.数据交互原理</h3>
　　开发模式与编辑模式是互斥的，打开开发模式的时候，编辑模式的自动回复与自定义菜单失效；打开编辑模式的自动回复或者自定义菜单的时候开发模式会失效。
<img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/1196212/201910/1196212-20191016222120769-2060530279.png" alt="">
 
 
开发模式的数据交互原理如下:
<img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/1196212/201910/1196212-20191016222342715-381802745.png" alt="">
 
　　我们需要开发的任务就是维信公众号服务器，包括业务逻辑、身份验证等操作。
<h2>2.接入后台</h2>
　　参考公众号开发文档：   开发->开发者工具-》开发者文档，里面有类似于对接钉钉的文档，有接入指南以及其他接口文档。
　　https://developers.weixin.qq.com/doc/offiaccount/Getting_Started/Overview.html
<h3>1.  第一步：填写服务器配置</h3>
　　到公众号后台： https://mp.weixin.qq.com/
 
<img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/1196212/201910/1196212-20191021224800601-2006796541.png" alt="">
 
<h3 id="第二步：验证消息的确来自微信服务器">2 第二步：验证消息的确来自微信服务器(在自己的微信服务器进行验证)</h3>
　　开发者提交信息后，微信服务器将发送GET请求到填写的服务器地址URL上，GET请求携带参数如下表所示：
<img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/1196212/201910/1196212-20191021224854921-663902077.png" alt="">
 
开发者通过检验signature对请求进行校验（下面有校验方式）。若确认此次GET请求来自微信服务器，请原样返回echostr参数内容，则接入生效，成为开发者成功，否则接入失败。加密/校验流程如下：
1）将token、timestamp、nonce三个参数进行字典序排序 2）将三个参数字符串拼接成一个字符串进行sha1加密 3）开发者获得加密后的字符串可与signature对比，标识该请求来源于微信
SpringMVC接收代码如下:
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>package cn.qlq.controller.weixin;

import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import cn.qlq.controller.UserController;
import cn.qlq.utils.weixin.WeixinCheckUtils;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("weixin")
public class WeixinController {

private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(UserController.class);

@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping("index")
public String index(@RequestParam(required = false) String signature,
 @RequestParam(required = false) String timestamp, @RequestParam(required = false) String nonce,
 @RequestParam(required = false) String echostr) {

 logger.debug("signature: {}, timestamp: {}, nonce: {}, echostr: {}", signature, timestamp, nonce, echostr);

 if (StringUtils.isNoneBlank(signature, timestamp, nonce)
 && WeixinCheckUtils.checkSignature(signature, timestamp, nonce)) {
 return echostr;
 }

 return "error";
}
}</pre>
</div>
 
验证工具如下:
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>package cn.qlq.utils.weixin;

import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.util.Arrays;

public class WeixinCheckUtils {

// token，与微信公众号后台的一致
private static final String token = "devqiaolq";

public static boolean checkSignature(String signature, String timestamp, String nonce) {
 String[] arr = new String[] { token, timestamp, nonce };

 // 排序
 Arrays.sort(arr);

 // 生成字符串
 StringBuffer content = new StringBuffer();
 for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
 content.append(arr);
 }

 // sha1加密
 String temp = getSha1(content.toString());
 return temp.equals(signature);

}

public static String getSha1(String str) {
 if (str == null || str.length() == 0) {
 return null;
 }

 char hexDigits[] = { '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f' };

 try {
 MessageDigest mdTemp = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA1");
 mdTemp.update(str.getBytes("UTF-8"));

 byte[] md = mdTemp.digest();
 int j = md.length;
 char buf[] = new char;
 int k = 0;
 for (int i = 0; i < j; i++) {
 byte byte0 = md;
 buf = hexDigits;
 buf = hexDigits;
 }
 return new String(buf);
 } catch (Exception e) {
 return null;
 }
}
}</pre>
</div>
<h3> </h3>
　　注意:如果有登录过滤器，记得在过滤器中放行微信请求.
 
<h2 id="第三步：依据接口文档实现业务逻辑">3. 第三步：依据接口文档实现业务逻辑</h2>
<h3>1. 首先需要启用开发者模式:(启用开发者模式之后自己的自定义菜单就不会生效)</h3>
<img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/1196212/201910/1196212-20191023214701145-1911482809.png" alt="">
<h3>2. 接收与响应文字消息</h3>
　　当普通微信用户向公众账号发消息时，微信服务器将POST消息的XML数据包到开发者填写的URL上。
文本消息的xml数据格式如下:
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre><xml>
<ToUserName><!]></ToUserName>
<FromUserName><!]></FromUserName>
<CreateTime>1348831860</CreateTime>
<MsgType><!]></MsgType>
<Content><!]></Content>
<MsgId>1234567890123456</MsgId>
</xml></pre>
</div>
 
参数解释:
<div class="table-wrp">
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>参数</th><th>描述</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>ToUserName</td>
<td>开发者微信号</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FromUserName</td>
<td>发送方帐号（一个OpenID）</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CreateTime</td>
<td>消息创建时间（整型）</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MsgType</td>
<td>消息类型，文本为text</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Content</td>
<td>文本消息内容</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MsgId</td>
<td>消息id，64位整型</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
 
(1)建立后台对应的TextMessage实体类:
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>package cn.qlq.bean.weixin;

public class TextMessage {

/**
* 开发者微信号
*/
private String ToUserName;

/**
* 发送方帐号（一个OpenID）
*/
private String FromUserName;

/**
* 消息创建时间（整型）
*/
private long CreateTime;

/**
* text
*/
private String MsgType;

/**
* 文本消息内容
*/
private String Content;

/**
* 消息id，64位整型
*/
private String MsgId;

@Override
public String toString() {
 return "TextMessage{" + "ToUserName='" + ToUserName + '\'' + ", FromUserName='" + FromUserName + '\''
 + ", CreateTime=" + CreateTime + ", MsgType='" + MsgType + '\'' + ", Content='" + Content + '\''
 + ", MsgId='" + MsgId + '\'' + '}';
}

public String getToUserName() {
 return ToUserName;
}

public void setToUserName(String toUserName) {
 ToUserName = toUserName;
}

public String getFromUserName() {
 return FromUserName;
}

public void setFromUserName(String fromUserName) {
 FromUserName = fromUserName;
}

public long getCreateTime() {
 return CreateTime;
}

public void setCreateTime(long createTime) {
 CreateTime = createTime;
}

public String getMsgType() {
 return MsgType;
}

public void setMsgType(String msgType) {
 MsgType = msgType;
}

public String getContent() {
 return Content;
}

public void setContent(String content) {
 Content = content;
}

public String getMsgId() {
 return MsgId;
}

public void setMsgId(String msgId) {
 MsgId = msgId;
}

}</pre>
</div>
 
(2)编写工具类实现xml(接收的是xml格式的数据)转map和TextMessage对象转换成xml(响应数据格式为xml)
pom加入:
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre> 
 <dependency>
 <groupId>dom4j</groupId>
 <artifactId>dom4j</artifactId>
 <version>1.6.1</version>
 </dependency>
 
 <dependency>
 <groupId>com.thoughtworks.xstream</groupId>
 <artifactId>xstream</artifactId>
 <version>1.4.10</version>
 </dependency></pre>
</div>
 
工具类:
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>package cn.qlq.utils.weixin;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;

import com.thoughtworks.xstream.XStream;

import cn.qlq.bean.weixin.TextMessage;

public class MessageUtils {

/**
* xml数据转map
*
* @param request
* @return
* @throws IOException
* @throws DocumentException
*/
public static Map<String, String> xmlToMap(HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException, DocumentException {
 Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
 SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();

 InputStream inputStream = request.getInputStream();
 Document document = reader.read(inputStream);

 Element root = document.getRootElement();
 List<Element> list = root.elements();

 for (Element element : list) {
 map.put(element.getName(), element.getText());
 }

 inputStream.close();
 return map;
}

/**
* 将文本消息对象转换成xml
*
* @param textMessage
* @return
*/
public static String textMessageToXml(TextMessage textMessage) {
 XStream xStream = new XStream();
 // 将xml的根元素替换成xml
 xStream.alias("xml", textMessage.getClass());
 return xStream.toXML(textMessage);
}
}</pre>
</div>
 
(3)重写Controller接收消息和响应消息
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>package cn.qlq.controller.weixin;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

import cn.qlq.bean.weixin.TextMessage;
import cn.qlq.controller.UserController;
import cn.qlq.utils.weixin.MessageUtils;
import cn.qlq.utils.weixin.WeixinCheckUtils;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("weixin")
public class WeixinController {

private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(UserController.class);

@RequestMapping(value = "index", method = { RequestMethod.GET, RequestMethod.POST })
public void index(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {

 // 将请求、响应的编码均设置为UTF-8（防止中文乱码）
 request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"); // 微信服务器POST消息时用的是UTF-8编码，在接收时也要用同样的编码，否则中文会乱码；
 response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"); // 在响应消息（回复消息给用户）时，也将编码方式设置为UTF-8，原理同上；

 String method = request.getMethod().toLowerCase();
 logger.info("method: {}", method);

 // 验证是否是微信请求
 if ("get".equals(method)) {
 doGet(request, response);
 return;
 }

 // POST请求接收消息，且给客户响应消息
 doPost(request, response);
}

/**
* Post请求用于接收消息且处理消息之后回传消息
*
* @param request
* @param response
* @throws IOException
*/
private void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
 PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
 try {
 Map<String, String> map = MessageUtils.xmlToMap(request);
 String fromUserName = map.get("FromUserName");
 String toUserName = map.get("ToUserName");
 String msgType = map.get("MsgType");
 String content = map.get("Content");
 logger.info("map: {}", map);

 if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(content)) {
 System.out.println("接收的的消息为:" + content + ",你可以根据关键字进行搜索或者做其他");
 }

 String message = null;
 if ("text".equals(msgType)) {
 TextMessage textMessage = new TextMessage();
 // 回传消息，所以讲fromuser和toUser交换
 textMessage.setFromUserName(toUserName);
 textMessage.setToUserName(fromUserName);
 textMessage.setMsgType(msgType);
 textMessage.setCreateTime(new Date().getTime());
 textMessage.setContent("您发送的消息为: " + content);
 logger.info("textMessage: {}", textMessage);

 message = MessageUtils.textMessageToXml(textMessage);
 }

 out.print(message);// 把消息发送到客户端
 } catch (DocumentException e) {
 logger.error("dispose post request error", e);
 } finally {
 out.close();
 }
}

/**
* Get请求用于微信配置验证
*
* @param request
* @param response
* @throws IOException
*/
private void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
 String signature = request.getParameter("signature");// 微信加密签名
 String timestamp = request.getParameter("timestamp");// 时间戳
 String nonce = request.getParameter("nonce");// 随机数
 String echostr = request.getParameter("echostr");// 随机字符串
 logger.info("signature: {}, timestamp: {}, nonce: {}, echostr: {}", signature, timestamp, nonce, echostr);

 if (StringUtils.isNoneBlank(signature, timestamp, nonce)
 && WeixinCheckUtils.checkSignature(signature, timestamp, nonce)) {
 response.getWriter().write(echostr);
 }
}
}</pre>
</div>
 
测试:
<img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/1196212/201910/1196212-20191023233117105-1989552956.png" alt="">
 
Java服务器日志如下:
2019-10-23 23:34:15.625 INFO 244500 --- cn.qlq.controller.UserController : method: post 2019-10-23 23:34:15.633INFO 244500 --- cn.qlq.controller.UserController : map: {MsgId=22503405793257008, FromUserName=o_qAo0u6Snhoc7Z45RfSxYatMWpo, CreateTime=1571844638, Content=怎么了, ToUserName=gh_fc4bd5c2fda8, MsgType=text} 接收的的消息为:怎么了,你可以根据关键字进行搜索或者做其他 2019-10-23 23:34:15.635INFO 244500 --- cn.qlq.controller.UserController : textMessage: TextMessage{ToUserName='o_qAo0u6Snhoc7Z45RfSxYatMWpo', FromUserName='gh_fc4bd5c2fda8', CreateTime=1571844855635, MsgType='text', Content='您发送的消息为: 怎么了', MsgId='null'} 2019-10-23 23:34:20.288INFO 244500 --- cn.qlq.controller.UserController : method: post 2019-10-23 23:34:20.295INFO 244500 --- cn.qlq.controller.UserController : map: {MsgId=22503406289173072, FromUserName=o_qAo0u6Snhoc7Z45RfSxYatMWpo, CreateTime=1571844642, Content=什么意思, ToUserName=gh_fc4bd5c2fda8, MsgType=text} 接收的的消息为:什么意思,你可以根据关键字进行搜索或者做其他 2019-10-23 23:34:20.296INFO 244500 --- cn.qlq.controller.UserController : textMessage: TextMessage{ToUserName='o_qAo0u6Snhoc7Z45RfSxYatMWpo', FromUserName='gh_fc4bd5c2fda8', CreateTime=1571844860296, MsgType='text', Content='您发送的消息为: 什么意思', MsgId='null'}
 
<h2>4. 接收其他类型的消息以及返回文本消息、图文消息</h2>
　　公众号可以接受的消息大概有文本消息(在上面已经接收)、图片(image)消息、语音(voice，在后台接口开启语音识别可以自动识别文字)消息、视频(video)消息、短视频(shortvideo)消息、地理位置(location)消息、链接(link)消息、事件(event，事件类型:subscribe(订阅)、unsubscribe(取消订阅))消息。
　　公众号可以回复的消息有: 文本(text)消息、图片消息(image)、语音消息(voice)、视频消息(video)、音乐消息(music)、图文(news)消息。
 
注意:这里需要注意接收的消息和发送的消息数据数据格式不一样。如下是回复的图片消息和图文消息的数据格式:
回传图片消息数据格式:
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre><xml>
<ToUserName><!]></ToUserName>
<FromUserName><!]></FromUserName>
<CreateTime>12345678</CreateTime>
<MsgType><!]></MsgType>
<Image>
<MediaId><!]></MediaId>
</Image>
</xml></pre>
</div>
 
回传图文消息数据格式:
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre><xml>
<ToUserName><!]></ToUserName>
<FromUserName><!]></FromUserName>
<CreateTime>12345678</CreateTime>
<MsgType><!]></MsgType>
<ArticleCount>1</ArticleCount>
<Articles>
<item>
 <Title><!]></Title>
 <Description><!]></Description>
 <PicUrl><!]></PicUrl>
 <Url><!]></Url>
</item>
</Articles>
</xml></pre>
</div>
 
自己封装的controller接收数据和消息处理的工具类如下:
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>package cn.qlq.controller.weixin;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

import cn.qlq.bean.weixin.response.AbstractResponseMessage;
import cn.qlq.controller.UserController;
import cn.qlq.utils.weixin.MessageHandler;
import cn.qlq.utils.weixin.MessageUtils;
import cn.qlq.utils.weixin.WeixinCheckUtils;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("weixin")
public class WeixinController {

private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(UserController.class);

@RequestMapping(value = "index", method = { RequestMethod.GET, RequestMethod.POST })
public void index(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {

 // 将请求、响应的编码均设置为UTF-8（防止中文乱码）
 request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"); // 微信服务器POST消息时用的是UTF-8编码，在接收时也要用同样的编码，否则中文会乱码；
 response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"); // 在响应消息（回复消息给用户）时，也将编码方式设置为UTF-8，原理同上；

 String method = request.getMethod().toLowerCase();
 logger.info("method: {}", method);

 // 验证是否是微信请求
 if ("get".equals(method)) {
 doGet(request, response);
 return;
 }

 // POST请求接收消息，且给客户响应消息
 doPost(request, response);
}

/**
* Post请求用于接收消息且处理消息之后回传消息
*
* @param request
* @param response
* @throws IOException
*/
private void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
 PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
 try {
 // 消息转map
 Map<String, Object> map = MessageUtils.xmlToMap(request);
 logger.info("接收到的消息map: {}", map);

 // 调用工具类处理完之后显示回传消息
 AbstractResponseMessage responseMessage = MessageHandler.handlMessage(map);
 logger.info("回传的消息responseMessage: {}", responseMessage);

 if (responseMessage == null) {
 return;
 }

 String messageToXml = MessageUtils.messageToXml(responseMessage);
 logger.info("回传的消息responseMessage messageToXml: {}", messageToXml);
 out.print(messageToXml);// 把消息发送到客户端
 } catch (DocumentException e) {
 logger.error("dispose post request error", e);
 } finally {
 out.close();
 }
}

/**
* Get请求用于微信配置验证
*
* @param request
* @param response
* @throws IOException
*/
private void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
 String signature = request.getParameter("signature");// 微信加密签名
 String timestamp = request.getParameter("timestamp");// 时间戳
 String nonce = request.getParameter("nonce");// 随机数
 String echostr = request.getParameter("echostr");// 随机字符串
 logger.info("signature: {}, timestamp: {}, nonce: {}, echostr: {}", signature, timestamp, nonce, echostr);

 if (StringUtils.isNoneBlank(signature, timestamp, nonce)
 && WeixinCheckUtils.checkSignature(signature, timestamp, nonce)) {
 response.getWriter().write(echostr);
 }
}
}</pre>
</div>
 
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>package cn.qlq.utils.weixin;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.commons.collections.MapUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import cn.qlq.bean.weixin.EventMessage;
import cn.qlq.bean.weixin.ImageMessage;
import cn.qlq.bean.weixin.LinkMessage;
import cn.qlq.bean.weixin.LocationMessage;
import cn.qlq.bean.weixin.TextMessage;
import cn.qlq.bean.weixin.VideoMessage;
import cn.qlq.bean.weixin.VoiceMessage;
import cn.qlq.bean.weixin.response.AbstractResponseMessage;
import cn.qlq.bean.weixin.response.ImageResponseMessage;
import cn.qlq.bean.weixin.response.NewsResponseMessage;
import cn.qlq.bean.weixin.response.NewsResponseMessageArticle;
import cn.qlq.bean.weixin.response.NewsResponseMessageArticleItem;
import cn.qlq.bean.weixin.response.TextResponseMessage;
import cn.qlq.utils.BeanUtils;

public class MessageHandler {

public static final String MESSAGE_TEXT = "text";
public static final String MESSAGE_IMAGE = "image";
public static final String MESSAGE_VOICE = "voice";
public static final String MESSAGE_VIDEO = "video";
public static final String MESSAGE_LINK = "link";
public static final String MESSAGE_LOCATION = "location";
public static final String MESSAGE_EVENT = "event";// 事件
public static final String MESSAGE_SUBSCRIBE = "subscribe";// 关注
public static final String MESSAGE_UNSUBSCRIBE = "unsubscribe";// 取消关注
public static final String MESSAGE_CLICK = "CLICK";
public static final String MESSAGE_VIEW = "VIEW";

private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MessageHandler.class);

public static AbstractResponseMessage handlMessage(Map<String, Object> messageMap) {
 if (MapUtils.isEmpty(messageMap)) {
 logger.error("message is empty");
 return null;
 }

 String msgType = (String) messageMap.get("MsgType");
 if (MESSAGE_TEXT.equals(msgType)) {
 return handleTextMessage(messageMap);
 } else if (MESSAGE_IMAGE.equals(msgType)) {
 return handleImageMessage(messageMap);
 } else if (MESSAGE_LOCATION.equals(msgType)) {
 return handleLocationMessage(messageMap);
 } else if (MESSAGE_EVENT.equals(msgType)) {
 return handleEventMessage(messageMap);
 } else if (MESSAGE_LINK.equals(msgType)) {
 return handleLinkMessage(messageMap);
 } else if (MESSAGE_VOICE.equals(msgType)) {
 return handleVoiceMessage(messageMap);
 } else if (MESSAGE_VIDEO.equals(msgType)) {
 return handleVideoMessage(messageMap);
 }

 return null;
}

private static AbstractResponseMessage handleVideoMessage(Map<String, Object> messageMap) {
 VideoMessage message = BeanUtils.map2Bean(messageMap, VideoMessage.class, true);

 String thumbMediaId = message.getThumbMediaId();
 // 可以用图片路径做其他操作
 if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(thumbMediaId)) {
 System.out.println("您接收到视频消息, thumbMediaId为: " + thumbMediaId);
 }

 String responseMsg = "您发送了一条视频消息，thumbMediaId为: " + thumbMediaId;
 return MessageUtils.initTextMessage(message.getToUserName(), message.getFromUserName(), responseMsg);
}

private static AbstractResponseMessage handleVoiceMessage(Map<String, Object> messageMap) {
 VoiceMessage message = BeanUtils.map2Bean(messageMap, VoiceMessage.class, true);

 String recognition = message.getRecognition();
 String format = message.getFormat();
 // 可以用图片路径做其他操作
 if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(recognition)) {
 System.out.println("您接收到语音消息，格式为: " + format + ", 转换后的文字为: " + recognition);
 }

 String responseMsg = "您发送了一条语音消息，格式为: " + format + ", 转换后的文字为: " + recognition;
 return MessageUtils.initTextMessage(message.getToUserName(), message.getFromUserName(), responseMsg);
}

/**
* 处理链接消息(回复一条图文消息)
*
* @param message
* @return
*/
private static AbstractResponseMessage handleLinkMessage(Map<String, Object> messageMap) {
 LinkMessage message = BeanUtils.map2Bean(messageMap, LinkMessage.class, true);

 String desc = message.getDescription();
 String title = message.getTitle();
 String url = message.getUrl();
 // 可以用图片路径做其他操作
 if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(url)) {
 System.out.println("您接收到链接消息， title: " + title + ", desc: " + desc + ", url: " + url);
 }

 // 回复一条图文消息
 NewsResponseMessage news = new NewsResponseMessage();
 news.setCreateTime(System.currentTimeMillis());
 news.setFromUserName(message.getToUserName());
 news.setToUserName(message.getFromUserName());
 news.setArticleCount("1");
 news.setMsgType("news");

 NewsResponseMessageArticle article = new NewsResponseMessageArticle();
 news.setArticles(article);

 // 创建多条图文消息
 for (int i = 0; i < 1; i++) {
 NewsResponseMessageArticleItem item = new NewsResponseMessageArticleItem();
 item.setTitle("18年写的面试心得");
 item.setPicUrl("https://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/qlqwjy/1031659/o_9.bmp");
 item.setUrl("https://www.cnblogs.com/qlqwjy/p/9194434.html");
 item.setDescription("18年毕设心血来潮写的毕设心得，1年后再看有点东西。");

 article.addNewsResponseMessageArticleItem(item);
 }

 return news;
}

/**
* 处理事件消息(订阅和取消订阅)
*
* @param messageMap
* @return
*/
private static AbstractResponseMessage handleEventMessage(Map<String, Object> messageMap) {
 EventMessage message = BeanUtils.map2Bean(messageMap, EventMessage.class, true);

 String event = message.getEvent();
 if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(event)) {
 System.out.println("您接收到事件消息，事件类型为: " + event);
 }

 if (MESSAGE_SUBSCRIBE.equals(event)) {
 // 关注的时候
 System.out.println("这里可以向数据库插入数据");

 String responseMsg = MessageUtils.subscribeWelcomeText();
 return MessageUtils.initTextMessage(message.getToUserName(), message.getFromUserName(), responseMsg);
 } else {
 // 取消关注(不用回传消息.需要将用户产生的数据删除)
 System.out.println("这时需要从数据删除" + message.getFromUserName() + " 用户产生的相关数据");

 return null;
 }
}

private static AbstractResponseMessage handleLocationMessage(Map<String, Object> messageMap) {
 LocationMessage message = BeanUtils.map2Bean(messageMap, LocationMessage.class, true);

 String label = message.getLabel();
 if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(label)) {
 System.out.println("您接收到位置消息，地理位置信息为: " + message);
 }

 String responseMsg = "您发送了一条位置消息，您的地理位置信息为:" + label;
 return MessageUtils.initTextMessage(message.getToUserName(), message.getFromUserName(), responseMsg);
}

/**
* 处理图片消息(回复一条图片消息)
*
* @param message
* @return
*/
private static AbstractResponseMessage handleImageMessage(Map<String, Object> message) {
 ImageMessage imageMessage = BeanUtils.map2Bean(message, ImageMessage.class, true);

 String url = imageMessage.getPicUrl();
 // 可以用图片路径做其他操作
 if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(url)) {
 System.out.println("您接收到的图片消息url为: " + url);
 }

 // 回传一条图片消息
 ImageResponseMessage responseMessage = new ImageResponseMessage();
 responseMessage.setCreateTime(System.currentTimeMillis());
 responseMessage.setFromUserName(imageMessage.getToUserName());
 responseMessage.setToUserName(imageMessage.getFromUserName());
 responseMessage.setMediaId(imageMessage.getMediaId());
 responseMessage.setMsgType(MESSAGE_IMAGE);

 return responseMessage;
}

/**
* 处理文本消息
*
* @param message
* @return
*/
private static AbstractResponseMessage handleTextMessage(Map<String, Object> message) {
 TextMessage textMessage = BeanUtils.map2Bean(message, TextMessage.class, true);

 String content = textMessage.getContent();
 // 可以根据文本消息去查库或者进行其他操作
 if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(content)) {
 System.out.println("您接收到的文本消息内容为: " + content);
 }

 // 设置回传的消息内容
 TextResponseMessage responseMessage = new TextResponseMessage();
 responseMessage.setContent("服务器已接收到您的消息，内容为: " + content);
 responseMessage.setCreateTime(new Date().getTime());
 responseMessage.setFromUserName(textMessage.getToUserName());
 responseMessage.setToUserName(textMessage.getFromUserName());
 responseMessage.setMsgType(MESSAGE_TEXT);

 return responseMessage;
}

}</pre>
</div>
 
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>package cn.qlq.utils.weixin;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;

import com.thoughtworks.xstream.XStream;

import cn.qlq.bean.weixin.response.AbstractResponseMessage;
import cn.qlq.bean.weixin.response.TextResponseMessage;

public class MessageUtils {

/**
* xml数据转map
*
* @param request
* @return
* @throws IOException
* @throws DocumentException
*/
public static Map<String, Object> xmlToMap(HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException, DocumentException {
 Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
 SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();

 InputStream inputStream = request.getInputStream();
 Document document = reader.read(inputStream);

 Element root = document.getRootElement();
 List<Element> list = root.elements();

 for (Element element : list) {
 map.put(element.getName(), element.getText());
 }

 inputStream.close();
 return map;
}

/**
* 将文本消息对象转换成xml
*
* @param message
* @return
*/
public static String messageToXml(AbstractResponseMessage message) {
 XStream xStream = new XStream();
 // 将xml的根元素替换成xml
 xStream.alias("xml", message.getClass());
 xStream.alias("item", cn.qlq.bean.weixin.response.NewsResponseMessageArticleItem.class);
 xStream.addImplicitArray(cn.qlq.bean.weixin.response.NewsResponseMessageArticle.class, "items");

 return xStream.toXML(message);
}

/**
* 将文本消息对象转换成xml
*
* @param message
* @return
*/
public static String messageToXml2(AbstractResponseMessage message) {
 XStream xStream = new XStream();
 // 将xml的根元素替换成xml
 xStream.alias("xml", message.getClass());
 return xStream.toXML(message);
}

/**
* 订阅后的欢迎信息
*
* @return
*/
public static String subscribeWelcomeText() {
 StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
 sb.append("欢迎您的关注，这里是乔治个人平台：\n\n");
 sb.append("1.推荐一些优秀的文章\n");// \n代表换行
 sb.append("2.记录一些美好时刻\n\n");

 return sb.toString();
}

/**
* 生成文本消息
*
* @param fromUserName
* @param toUserName
* @param content
* @return
*/
public static TextResponseMessage initTextMessage(String fromUserName, String toUserName, String content) {
 TextResponseMessage textResponseMessage = new TextResponseMessage();
 textResponseMessage.setFromUserName(fromUserName);
 textResponseMessage.setToUserName(toUserName);
 textResponseMessage.setMsgType(MessageHandler.MESSAGE_TEXT);
 textResponseMessage.setCreateTime(System.currentTimeMillis());
 textResponseMessage.setContent(content);

 return textResponseMessage;
}

}</pre>
</div>
 结果如下:
<img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/1196212/201910/1196212-20191025233514731-2118207046.png" alt="">
 
<h2>5. 获取用户的精度纬度信息 </h2>
1.首先在接口设置开启经纬度事件(开启之后在用户进入公众号之后会主动拉取用户的位置信息)
<img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/1196212/201910/1196212-20191030115528891-1226577947.png" alt="">
 
<h3>2. 处理上报地理位置事件</h3>
　　用户同意上报地理位置后，每次进入公众号会话时，都会在进入时上报地理位置，或在进入会话后每5秒上报一次地理位置，公众号可以在公众平台网站中修改以上设置。上报地理位置时，微信会将上报地理位置事件推送到开发者填写的URL。 
推送的XML数据包格式如下：
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre><xml>
<ToUserName><!]></ToUserName>
<FromUserName><!]></FromUserName>
<CreateTime>123456789</CreateTime>
<MsgType><!]></MsgType>
<Event><!]></Event>
<Latitude>23.137466</Latitude>
<Longitude>113.352425</Longitude>
<Precision>119.385040</Precision>
</xml></pre>
</div>
 
java处理：
封装工具类：
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>package cn.qlq.bean.weixin;

/**
* 上报地理位置事件
*
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class LocationEventMessage extends EventMessage {

/**
* 地理位置纬度
*/
private String Latitude;

/**
* 地理位置经度
*/
private String Longitude;

/**
* 地理位置精度
*/
private String Precision;

public String getLatitude() {
 return Latitude;
}

public void setLatitude(String latitude) {
 Latitude = latitude;
}

public String getLongitude() {
 return Longitude;
}

public void setLongitude(String longitude) {
 Longitude = longitude;
}

public String getPrecision() {
 return Precision;
}

public void setPrecision(String precision) {
 Precision = precision;
}

@Override
public String toString() {
 return "LocationEventMessage [Latitude=" + Latitude + ", Longitude=" + Longitude + ", Precision=" + Precision
 + ", ToUserName=" + ToUserName + ", FromUserName=" + FromUserName + ", CreateTime=" + CreateTime
 + ", MsgType=" + MsgType + ", Event=" + Event + "]";
}

}</pre>
</div>
 
修改处理事件消息的代码：(CLICK和VIEW是用于处理自定义菜单事件)
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre> /**
* 处理事件消息(订阅和取消订阅)
*
* @param messageMap
* @return
*/
private static AbstractResponseMessage handleEventMessage(Map<String, Object> messageMap) {
 EventMessage message = BeanUtils.map2Bean(messageMap, EventMessage.class, true);
 String event = message.getEvent();
 if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(event)) {
 System.out.println("您接收到事件消息，事件类型为: " + event);
 }

 // 关注的时候
 if (MESSAGE_SUBSCRIBE.equals(event)) {
 System.out.println("这里可以向数据库插入数据");

 String responseMsg = MessageUtils.subscribeWelcomeText();
 return MessageUtils.initTextMessage(message.getToUserName(), message.getFromUserName(), responseMsg);
 }

 // 取消关注(不用回传消息.需要将用户产生的数据删除)
 if (MESSAGE_SUBSCRIBE.equals(event)) {
 System.out.println("这时需要从数据删除" + message.getFromUserName() + " 用户产生的相关数据");
 return null;
 }

 // 点击自定义的点击菜单事件
 if (MESSAGE_EVENT_CLICK.equals(event)) {
 ClickViewEventMessage map2Bean = BeanUtils.map2Bean(messageMap, ClickViewEventMessage.class, true);
 String eventKey = map2Bean.getEventKey();
 String content = "您点击的按钮的key为: " + eventKey;
 return MessageUtils.initTextMessage(map2Bean.getToUserName(), map2Bean.getFromUserName(), content);
 }

 // VIEW菜单的事件
 if (MESSAGE_EVENT_VIEW.equals(event)) {
 ClickViewEventMessage map2Bean = BeanUtils.map2Bean(messageMap, ClickViewEventMessage.class, true);
 String eventKey = map2Bean.getEventKey();
 String content = "您点击的按钮跳转的URL为: " + eventKey;
 return MessageUtils.initTextMessage(map2Bean.getToUserName(), map2Bean.getFromUserName(), content);
 }

 // LOCATION菜单的事件
 if (MESSAGE_EVENT_LOCATION.equals(event)) {
 LocationEventMessage map2Bean = BeanUtils.map2Bean(messageMap, LocationEventMessage.class, true);
 String latitude = map2Bean.getLatitude();
 String longitude = map2Bean.getLongitude();
 String precision = map2Bean.getPrecision();
 String content = "您的经度：" + latitude + "，您的维度：" + longitude + "，您的精度： " + precision;
 return MessageUtils.initTextMessage(map2Bean.getToUserName(), map2Bean.getFromUserName(), content);
 }

 return null;
}</pre>
</div>
测试结果：(需要开启GPS才可以触发该事件消息发送)
<img src="https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/1196212/201910/1196212-20191030120141606-622033290.png" alt="">
 
<h3>总结:</h3>
(1)回传xml数据格式的数据时，可以用字符串进行拼接，不一定用XStream进行转换
(2)微信回传的消息支持换行，换行符为\n
(3)图文消息是最常见的消息，回传消息的时候注意回传的xml数据格式
 
完整的代码接收消息与回传消息代码参考:https://github.com/qiao-zhi/springboot-ssm.git
 

</div>
<div id="MySignature" role="contentinfo">

【当你用心写完每一篇博客之后,你会发现它比你用代码实现功能更有成就感!】
 
来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/qlqwjy/p/11688870.html

頁: [1]

琼殿技术论坛's Archiver

公众号后台开发(SpingMVC接收与响应公众号消息)