麒麟系统开发笔记（十一）：在国产麒麟系统上使用gdb定位崩溃异常方法流程进阶定位代码行数及专项测试Demo
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<p> 上一篇，通过研究，可以定位到函数，本篇进一步优化，没有行数，程序较为复杂的时候，就无法定位，所以进一步定位。<br> 本篇做了qBreakpad的研究，但是没有成功，过程也还是填出来，后来突然注意到gdb出现行数的方法，并通过了几轮测试以及实战，确实可以定位到行数，所以为了大家方便，把国企麒麟上的Qt崩溃方法分享出来。<br> 本篇文章比较长，就不分篇了，同时还做了专项测试。</p>
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<h1>注意</h1>
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<p> 阅读者如果一开始有点懵，可能先要看先大致扫一下：《麒麟系统开发笔记（十）：在国产麒麟系统上使用gdb定位崩溃异常方法流程以及测试Demo》，本篇也是解决上一篇探讨的遗留问题（只定位了函数，未定位代码行号）。</p>
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<h1>使用gdb定位Qt的release（国产麒麟系统）</h1>
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<h2>步骤一：修改上一篇demo的pro配置</h2>
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<p> （这里是上一篇的demo，只关注红框的即可）<br> <img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1971530/202303/1971530-20230331090627027-565686356.png"></p>
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<h2>步骤二：重新编译调试还是没有行号</h2>
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<p> <img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1971530/202303/1971530-20230331090626958-1994055150.png"></p>
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<p> <img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1971530/202303/1971530-20230331090627009-322975697.png"></p>
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<p> <img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1971530/202303/1971530-20230331090627084-1870901422.png"></p>
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<p> 与没有-g的时候没有啥区别。</p>
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<h2>步骤三：多加几层调用追加堆栈测试</h2>
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<p> 修改下代码：<br> <img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1971530/202303/1971530-20230331090626994-292039537.png"></p>
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<p> <img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1971530/202303/1971530-20230331090627036-1723556802.png"></p>
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<p> 测试：<br> <img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1971530/202303/1971530-20230331090626944-1153804883.png"></p>
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<p> 还是没有堆栈信息：<br> <img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1971530/202303/1971530-20230331090627120-522618355.png"></p>
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<h2>步骤四：怀疑是release版本，改为debug测试</h2>
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<p> 改为debug版本，也没有：<br> <img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1971530/202303/1971530-20230331090627096-162100907.png"></p>
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<p> 不清楚原因，这里博主就没有深究了</p>
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<h2>步骤五：路回峰转，重启gdb，成功定位</h2>
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<p> 研究qBreakpad去了，但是qBreakpad也入深坑了，在爬坑的时候，突然注意到gdb的bt指令，所以研究了个把小时qBreakpad又折回来继续了。<br> <img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1971530/202303/1971530-20230331090627051-915862470.png"><br> 至此，出现了行号：<br> <img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1971530/202303/1971530-20230331090627149-1385514622.png"></p>
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<h1>配置调试发布专项测试</h1>
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<p> 为了确认最简单的方式，所以进行测试：</p>
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<pre><code class="prism language-cpp">DEFINES <span class="token operator">+= QT_NO_DEBUG_OUTPUT
DEFINES <span class="token operator">+= QT_NO_WARN_OUTPUT
QMAKE_CXXFLAGS <span class="token operator">+= <span class="token operator">-g
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#<span class="token expression">QMAKE_CXXFLAGS <span class="token operator">+= <span class="token operator">-g3
</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></code></pre>
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<h2>测试：debug版本，无-g，不屏蔽qt打印输出</h2>
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<p> <img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1971530/202303/1971530-20230331090627089-1770649271.png"></p>
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<h3>测试：debug版本，有-g的，不屏蔽qt打印输出</h3>
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<p> <img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1971530/202303/1971530-20230331090627077-1604808376.png"></p>
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<p> 有行号，行号跟函数在同一行。</p>
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<h3>测试：debug版本，有-g的，屏蔽qt打印输出</h3>
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<p> <img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1971530/202303/1971530-20230331090627043-2083108453.png"></p>
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<p> 有行号，行号跟函数在同一行。</p>
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<h3>测试：release版本，有-g/-g3，有qt屏蔽打印输出</h3>
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<pre><code class="prism language-cpp"><span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#<span class="token expression">DEFINES <span class="token operator">+= QT_NO_DEBUG_OUTPUT
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#<span class="token expression">DEFINES <span class="token operator">+= QT_NO_WARN_OUTPUT
QMAKE_CXXFLAGS <span class="token operator">+= <span class="token operator">-g
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#<span class="token expression">QMAKE_CXXFLAGS <span class="token operator">+= <span class="token operator">-g3
</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></code></pre>
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<p> <img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1971530/202303/1971530-20230331090627151-1176817822.png"></p>
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<p> <img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1971530/202303/1971530-20230331090627095-1578958372.png"></p>
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<p> <img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1971530/202303/1971530-20230331090627093-1617086499.png"></p>
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<p> 还试了下-g3：<br> <img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1971530/202303/1971530-20230331090626968-2101024299.png"></p>
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<p> 定位了函数，不定位行号。</p>
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<h3>测试：release版本，有-g/-g3，未屏蔽qt打印输出</h3>
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<p> <img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1971530/202303/1971530-20230331090627039-1720562943.png"></p>
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<p> 所以，最终发现是不能屏蔽qt打印输出的，不然是没有的，跟release或者debug没有关系（没有去论证debug下屏蔽qt打印输出了）</p>
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<h3>测试：release版本，无-g，未屏蔽qt打印输出</h3>
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<p> <img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1971530/202303/1971530-20230331090627026-350965614.png"></p>
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<p> 所以，无-g也不行</p>
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<h1>模拟实战</h1>
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<p> 先加了一句代码：<br> <img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1971530/202303/1971530-20230331090627089-1858830987.png"></p>
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<p> 取消屏蔽qt打印，加上-g：<br> <img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1971530/202303/1971530-20230331090627025-365554733.png"></p>
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<p> 使用release编译后，运行崩溃：<br> <img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1971530/202303/1971530-20230331090627088-1920908100.png"></p>
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<p> 定位coredump文件：<br> <img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1971530/202303/1971530-20230331090627020-1929399969.png"></p>
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<p> 然后使用gdb的方法：<br> <img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1971530/202303/1971530-20230331090627186-339803276.png"><br> 这里得行是qlist.h的行号，不是我们代码的行号，所以下标错误估计就这样了。可以判断出，越界也是最后某个地方调用指针导致错误，所以越界当时是不会有问题，当越界在用越界调用的就把出错的指针调用出行数打出来。<br> 下面试试指针错误：<br> <img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1971530/202303/1971530-20230331090627124-875115513.png"></p>
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<h1>专项测试结论</h1>
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<p> <img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1971530/202303/1971530-20230331090627086-297427544.png"></p>
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<h1>入坑</h1>
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<h2>入坑一：gdb不出现行数</h2>
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<h3>问题</h3>
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<p> Gdb调试不出现行数</p>
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<h3>原因</h3>
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<ul>
<li>原因1：release与debug问题</li>
<li>原因2：-g问题</li>
<li>原因3：是否屏蔽qt打印问题<br> 1+2+3，导致情况多种，花了不少时间定位</li>
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<h3>解决</h3>
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<p> 进行了专项测试论证，查看“专项测试论证”。</p>
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<h1>qBreakpad（此方法未通，贴出来参考，有兴趣的读者可以继续往下走）</h1>
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<p> qBreakpad下载地址：https://github.com/buzzySmile/qBreakpad</p>
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<pre><code class="prism language-shell"><span class="token function">git clone --recursive https://github.com/buzzySmile/qBreakpad.git
</span></code></pre>
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<p> 好像下下来有点问题，最后还是手动下载zip包了：<br> <img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1971530/202303/1971530-20230331090627122-202596836.png"></p>
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<p> qBreakpad依赖breakpad和lss<br> <img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1971530/202303/1971530-20230331090627150-857775424.png"></p>
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<p> 下不下来，另外找把</p>
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<p> breakpad下载地址：https://github.com/google/breakpad</p>
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<p> （最新版报错），下载v2021.08.09版本</p>
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<p> <img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1971530/202303/1971530-20230331090626970-1148955890.png"></p>
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<p> lss：https://github.com/ithaibo/linux-syscall-support<br> 下载来：<img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1971530/202303/1971530-20230331090627085-300939377.png"></p>
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<h1>编译qBreakpad库</h1>
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<h2>步骤一：下载解压</h2>
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<p> <img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1971530/202303/1971530-20230331090626967-1931148200.png"></p>
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<h2>步骤二：复制改名依赖库</h2>
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<p> 复制过去并改名：<br> <img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1971530/202303/1971530-20230331090627098-1655126943.png"></p>
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<p> 改完后（先删除已经存在的）：<br> <img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1971530/202303/1971530-20230331090627117-1539711641.png"></p>
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<h2>步骤三：使用qtcreator打开qBreakpad编译</h2>
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<p> <img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1971530/202303/1971530-20230331090626968-1700885791.png"></p>
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<h2>步骤四：解决错误“undefined reference to `google_breakpad::PEFile::TryGetDebugInfo(xxxx”，继续编译</h2>
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<p> 怀疑是版本问题，降低版本试试：<br> <img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1971530/202303/1971530-20230331090627080-1896623762.png"></p>
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<p> 如下，下载解压后替换：<br> <img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1971530/202303/1971530-20230331090627122-487214216.png"></p>
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<h2>步骤五：解决错误“*** No rule to make target ‘xxx/minidump_file_writer.cc’, needed by ‘_build/obj/minidump_file_writer.o’. Stop.”</h2>
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<p> “*** No rule to make target ‘…/…/qBreakpad-master/third_party/breakpad/src/client/minidump_file_writer.cc’, needed by ‘_build/obj/minidump_file_writer.o’. Stop.”<br> <br> 那岂不是要降低qBreakpad的版本？试一试<br> 至此，突然发现gdb的bt，所以这边停止了。</p>
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来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/qq21497936/p/17275136.html
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