在linux服务器上安装git
<div><div>git是目前流行的非常好用的版本控制工具,本章教大家如何在linux服务上安装git。这里介绍两种安装方式;1、<strong>yum安装</strong>;2、<strong>从github上下载最新的源码编译后安装</strong>
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<h3>一、获得一台linux服务器</h3>
<p>要在linux下安装git,首先你得先有一台linux服务器,作为小白,手头的机器肯定都是windows的,搞个虚拟机安装对我这种小白简直是折磨人;这里使用最简单的方式获得一台linux服务器,就是从阿里云上租一台。镜像选择CentOS7.3 64位。</p>
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<div class="image-caption">阿里云上租服务器</div>
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<h3>二、yum安装git</h3>
<p>在linux上使用yum安装git非常简单,只需要一行命令</p>
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<pre class="line-numberslanguage-undefined"><code class="language-undefined">yum install git
</code></pre>
<p>随后就可以看到系统开始自动下载安装</p>
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<div>出现提示是否下载的时候输入<code>y</code>并按回车。
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<div class="image-caption">yum安装git完成</div>
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<p>输入<code>git --version</code>检查git是否安全完成,以及查看其版本号。<br>
顺便说一下,yum安装git被安装在<code>/usr/libexec/git-core</code>目录下。</p>
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<br><br>作者:低调的微胖<br>链接:https://www.jianshu.com/p/89a2917ff5c1<br>来源:简书<br>著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权,非商业转载请注明出处。</div>
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<div class="image-caption">校验yum安装git</div>
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<p>至此,yum安装git完成。</p>
<h3>二、从github上下载最新的源码编译后安装git</h3>
<p>yum安装这么简单,为什么还要学从github上下载最新的源码编译后安装呢?<br>
刚才输入<code>git --version</code>命令的时候相信大家也看到了,是<code>1.8.3.1</code>版本,这个版本还是蛮旧的。yum安装就是这个缺点,版本你不好控制。如果想要使用最新版的git,那还是得自己下载源码安装。具体怎么做呢?</p>
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<p>我们还是从一个什么都没安装的linux服务器开始示范。</p>
<p>1.进入git在github上的发布版本页面<code>https://github.com/git/git/releases</code>。在这个页面我们可以找到所有git已发布的版本。这里我们选择最新版的<code>tar.gz</code>包。</p>
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<p>2.获取到最新包的下载链接后,我们进入linux服务器,开始下载。</p>
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<pre class="line-numberslanguage-ruby"><code class="language-ruby">wget https<span class="token punctuation">:<span class="token operator">/<span class="token operator">/codeload<span class="token punctuation">.github<span class="token punctuation">.com<span class="token operator">/git<span class="token operator">/git<span class="token operator">/tar<span class="token punctuation">.gz<span class="token operator">/v2<span class="token punctuation">.<span class="token number">13.0<span class="token operator">-rc1
</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>耐心等待下载完成。我们可以看到下载后的文件名是<code>v2.13.0-rc1</code>,并不是压缩包的格式,不用担心,这只是链接的问题,手动修改文件名为<code>v2.13.0-rc1.tar.gz</code>。</p>
<pre class="line-numberslanguage-css"><code class="language-css">mv v2.13.0-rc1 v2.13.0-rc1.tar.gz
</code></pre>
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<p>解压压缩包</p>
<pre class="line-numberslanguage-css"><code class="language-css">tar -zxvf v2.13.0-rc1.tar.gz
</code></pre>
<p>进入解压后的文件夹</p>
<pre class="line-numberslanguage-css"><code class="language-css">cd git-2.13.0-rc1
</code></pre>
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<p>3.拿到解压后的源码以后我们需要编译源码了,不过在此之前需要安装编译所需要的依赖。输入如下命令。</p>
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<pre class="line-numberslanguage-undefined"><code class="language-undefined">yum install curl-devel expat-devel gettext-devel openssl-devel zlib-devel gcc perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker
</code></pre>
<p>耐心等待安装完成,中途出现提示的时候输入<code>y</code>并按回车。</p>
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<div class="image-caption">编译源码依赖安装完成</div>
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<p>4.提示,安装编译源码所需依赖的时候,yum自动帮你安装了git,这时候你需要先卸载这个旧版的git。</p>
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<pre class="line-numberslanguage-csharp"><code class="language-csharp">yum <span class="token keyword">remove git
</span></code></pre>
<p>耐心等待删除完成,中途出现提示的时候输入<code>y</code>并按回车。<br>
</p>
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移除旧版<br>
<p>5.编译git源码</p>
<p>大体的安装步骤如下:</p>
<p>①、获取github最新的Git安装包下载链接,进入Linux服务器,执行下载,命令为: <span class="cnblogs_code">wget https://github.com/git/git/archive/v2.17.0.tar.gz ;</span></p>
<p>②、压缩包解压,命令为: <span class="cnblogs_code">tar -zxvf v2.17.0.tar.gz ;</span></p>
<p>③、安装编译源码所需依赖,命令为: <span class="cnblogs_code">yum install curl-devel expat-devel gettext-devel openssl-devel zlib-devel gcc perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker 耐心等待安装,出现提示输入y即可;</span></p>
<p>④、安装依赖时,yum自动安装了Git,需要卸载旧版本Git,命令为: <span class="cnblogs_code">yum remove git 出现提示输入y即可;</span></p>
<p>⑤、进入解压后的文件夹,命令 <span class="cnblogs_code">cd git-2.17.0 ,然后执行编译,命令为 <span class="cnblogs_code">make prefix=/usr/local/git all 耐心等待编译即可;</span></span></p>
<p>⑥、安装Git至/usr/local/git路径,命令为 <span class="cnblogs_code">make prefix=/usr/local/git install ;</span></p>
<p>⑦、打开环境变量配置文件,命令 <span class="cnblogs_code">vim /etc/profile ,在底部加上Git相关配置信息:</span></p>
<p><span class="cnblogs_code">PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/git/bin <br><br>export PATH </span></p>
<p>然后保存,退出!</p>
<p>⑧、输入命令 <span class="cnblogs_code">git --version ,查看安装的git版本,校验通过,安装成功。</span></p>
<pre class="line-numberslanguage-bash"><code class="language-bash">make prefix=/usr/local/git all
</code></pre>
<p>耐心等待编译完成,中途可能会花费几分钟的时间。</p>
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<div class="image-caption">git安装完成</div>
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<div class="image-caption">以下就是配置环境变量,如不需要则不用配置::</div>
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<p>7.打开环境变量配置文件</p>
<pre class="line-numberslanguage-undefined"><code class="language-undefined">vim /etc/profile
</code></pre>
<p>在底部加上git相关配置</p>
<pre class="line-numberslanguage-ruby"><code class="language-ruby"><span class="token constant">PATH<span class="token operator">=<span class="token variable">$PATH<span class="token punctuation">:<span class="token operator">/usr<span class="token operator">/local<span class="token operator">/git<span class="token operator">/bin
export <span class="token constant">PATH
</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></code></pre>
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<div class="image-caption">修改环境变量</div>
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<p>刷新环境变量</p>
<pre class="line-numberslanguage-bash"><code class="language-bash">source /etc/profile
</code></pre>
<p>8.输入<code>git --version</code>检查git是否安全完成,以及查看其版本号。<br>
</p>
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<div class="image-caption">git安装完成</div>
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<p>至此,从github上下载最新的源码编译后安装git完成。</p>
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<div>文章出处:<br>作者:低调的微胖<br>链接:https://www.jianshu.com/p/89a2917ff5c1<br>来源:简书<br>著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权,非商业转载请注明出处。</div>
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