ssh远程连接linux服务器并执行命令

庆衡發表於 2019-6-12 19:02:00

详细方法：
 
 
 
<table style="height: 519px; width: 843px" border="0">
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<td>SSHClient中的方法</td>
<td>参数和参数说明</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>connect（实现ssh连接和校验）</td>
<td>
hostname：目标主机地址
port：主机端口
username：校验的用户名
password：登录密码
pkey：私钥方式身份验证
key_filename：用于私钥身份验证的文件名
timeout：连接超时设置
allow_agent：这是布尔型，设置False的时候禁止使用ssh代理
look_for_keys：也是布尔型，禁止在.ssh下面找私钥文件
compress：设置压缩
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>exec_command(远程执行命令)</td>
<td>
stdin，stdout，stderr：这三个分别是标准输入、输出、错误，用来获取命令执行结果，并不算方法的参数
command：执行命令的字符串，带双引号。
bufsize：文件缓冲大小，默认为1
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>load_system_host_keys(加载本地的公钥文件)</td>
<td>filename：指定远程主机的公钥记录文件</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>set_missing_host_key_policy(远程主机没有密钥)</td>
<td>
AutoAddPolicy：自动添加主机名和主机密钥到本地的HostKeys对象
RejectPolicy：自动拒绝未知的主机名和密钥（默认）
WarningPolicy：接受未知主机，但是会有警告
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<td colspan="2">
paramiko的核心组件SFTPClient类 实现远程文件的操作，比如上传、下载、权限、状态等。
</td>
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<table style="height: 335px; width: 845px" border="0">
<tbody>
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<td>SFTPClient类的方法</td>
<td>参数和参数说明</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>from_transport（使用一个已经通过已经连通的SFTP客户端通道）</td>
<td>
localpath：本地文件的路径
remotepath：远程路径
callback：获取已接收的字节数和总传输的字节数
confirm：文件上传完毕后是否调用stat()方法，确定文件大小
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>get（从SFTP服务器上下载文件到本地）</td>
<td>
 remotepath：需下载的文件路径
localpath：保存本地的文件路径
callback：和put的一样
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>os方法</td>
<td>
mkdir：简历目录
remove：删除
rename：重命名
stat：获取远程文件信息
listdir：获取指定目录列表
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<td> </td>
<td> </td>
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<pre> shell通道连接：invoke_shell的用法 </pre>
invoke_shell(*args, **kwds)
<pre></pre>
Request an interactive shell session on this channel. If the server allows it, the channel will then be directly connected to the stdin, stdout, and stderr of the shell.
<pre></pre>
Normally you would call get_pty before this, in which case the shell will operate through the pty, and the channel will be connected to the stdin and stdout of the pty.
<pre></pre>
When the shell exits, the channel will be closed and can’t be reused. You must open a new channel if you wish to open another shell.
<pre></pre>
在这个通道请求一个交互式的shell会话，如果服务允许，这个通道将会直接连接标准输入、标准输入和错误的shell，通常我们会在使用它之前调用get_pty的用法，这样shell会话是通过伪终端处理的，并且会话连接标准输入和输出，当我们shell退出的时候，这个通道也会关闭，并且能再次使用，你必修重新开另一个shell。
 
<h1 class="title-article">Python 使用paramiko.Transport SSH方式登录路由器执行命令</h1>
import paramiko
t = paramiko.Transport(('x.x.x.x',22))   # 设置SSH连接的远程主机地址和端口 t.connect(username='xxx',password='xxx')   # 设置登陆用户名和密码等参数 chan=t.open_session()   # 连接成功后打开一个channel chan.settimeout(15)     # 设置会话超时时间 chan.get_pty()          # 打开远程的terminal chan.invoke_shell()     # 激活terminal chan.send("display current-configuration\n") chan.send(" "*60) time.sleep(5)   # 如果程序执行的太快，没有等到返回足够的信息，chan.recv(65535)不能得到想要的结果 # 使用一些条件循环，判断什么时候读取返回结果，实际经常报错啊！ # str.chan.recv(65535) # while not str.endswith('#'): #     str=chan.recv(65535)    #recv_buffer=65535 f = open("D:\\t.txt","w") f.write(chan.recv(65535).decode('ascii')) f.close() t.close() --------------------- 作者：m20 来源：CSDN 原文：https://blog.csdn.net/u010306071/article/details/79080697 版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，转载请附上博文链接！
<pre> </pre>
<pre>连接linux服务器 import paramiko </pre>
<pre>ip = "192.168.55.55" port = 22 username = 'root' password = '23561314' # 创建SSH对象 ssh = paramiko.SSHClient() # 允许连接不在known_hosts文件上的主机 ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy()) # 连接服务器 ssh.connect(hostname=ip, port=22, username=username, password=password) # 执行命令 print (u'连接%s成功' % ip) stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('pwd;df') # # 获取结果 result = stdout.read() # # 获取错误提示（stdout、stderr只会输出其中一个） # err = stderr.read() # # 关闭连接 # ssh.close() print(result) # print(stdin, result, err) </pre>
<h3 id="sftpclient">SFTPClient上传下载：</h3>
<h4 id="基于用户名密码上传下载">基于用户名密码上传下载：</h4>
import paramiko transport = paramiko.Transport(('hostname',22)) transport.connect(username='wupeiqi',password='123') sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport) # 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.py sftp.put('/tmp/location.py', '/tmp/test.py') # 将remove_path 下载到本地 local_path sftp.get('remove_path', 'local_path') transport.close()
<h4 id="基于公钥密钥上传下载">基于公钥密钥上传下载:</h4>
 
import paramiko private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('/home/auto/.ssh/id_rsa') transport = paramiko.Transport(('hostname', 22)) transport.connect(username='wupeiqi', pkey=private_key ) sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport) # 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.py sftp.put('/tmp/location.py', '/tmp/test.py') # 将remove_path 下载到本地 local_path sftp.get('remove_path', 'local_path') transport.close()
 
 
封装上传下载代码：
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#coding:utf-8 import paramiko import uuid
class SSHConnection(object):
 def __init__(self, host='192.168.2.103', port=22, username='root',pwd='123456'): self.host = host self.port = port self.username = username self.pwd = pwd self.__k = None
 def connect(self): transport = paramiko.Transport((self.host,self.port)) transport.connect(username=self.username,password=self.pwd) self.__transport = transport
 def close(self): self.__transport.close()
 def upload(self,local_path,target_path): # 连接，上传 # file_name = self.create_file() sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(self.__transport) # 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.py sftp.put(local_path, target_path)
 def download(self,remote_path,local_path): sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(self.__transport) sftp.get(remote_path,local_path)
 def cmd(self, command): ssh = paramiko.SSHClient() ssh._transport = self.__transport # 执行命令 stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(command) # 获取命令结果 result = stdout.read() print (str(result,encoding='utf-8')) return result
ssh = SSHConnection() ssh.connect() ssh.cmd("ls") ssh.upload('s1.py','/tmp/ks77.py') ssh.download('/tmp/test.py','kkkk',) ssh.cmd("df") ssh.close()

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<pre> </pre>
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<td>#!/usr/bin/env python
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-2" class="crayon-line">#encoding:utf8</div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-3" class="crayon-line"> </div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-4" class="crayon-line">import paramiko</div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-5" class="crayon-line"> </div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-6" class="crayon-line">hostname = '192.168.0.202'</div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-7" class="crayon-line">port = 22</div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-8" class="crayon-line">username = 'root'</div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-9" class="crayon-line">password = 'password'</div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-10" class="crayon-line"> </div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-11" class="crayon-line">localpath = "D:\Develop\Python\paramiko/\\test_file.txt"  #需要上传的文件(源)</div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-12" class="crayon-line">remotepath = "/data/tmp/test_file.txt"      #远程路径(目标)</div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-13" class="crayon-line"> </div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-14" class="crayon-line">try:</div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-15" class="crayon-line">              # 创建一个已经连通的SFTP客户端通道</div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-16" class="crayon-line">              t = paramiko.Transport((hostname, port))</div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-17" class="crayon-line">              t.connect(username=username, password=password)</div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-18" class="crayon-line">              sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(t)</div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-19" class="crayon-line">              </div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-20" class="crayon-line">              # 上传本地文件到规程SFTP服务端</div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-21" class="crayon-line">              sftp.put(localpath,remotepath) #上传文件</div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-22" class="crayon-line">              </div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-23" class="crayon-line">              # 下载文件 </div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-24" class="crayon-line">              sftp.get(remotepath,'D:\Develop\Python\paramiko/\\test_down.txt')</div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-25" class="crayon-line">              </div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-26" class="crayon-line">              # 创建目录</div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-27" class="crayon-line">              # sftp.mkdir('/data/tmp/userdir', 0755)</div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-28" class="crayon-line">              </div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-29" class="crayon-line">              # 删除目录</div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-30" class="crayon-line">              # sftp.rmdir('/data/tmp/userdir')</div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-31" class="crayon-line">              </div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-32" class="crayon-line">              # 文件重命名</div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-33" class="crayon-line">              #sftp.rename(remotepath,'/data/tmp/new_file.txt')</div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-34" class="crayon-line">              </div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-35" class="crayon-line">              # 打印文件信息</div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-36" class="crayon-line">              print sftp.stat(remotepath)</div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-37" class="crayon-line">              </div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-38" class="crayon-line">              # 打印目录信息</div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-39" class="crayon-line">              print sftp.listdir('/data/tmp/')</div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-40" class="crayon-line">              </div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-41" class="crayon-line">              # 关闭连接</div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-42" class="crayon-line">              t.close()</div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-43" class="crayon-line">              </div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-44" class="crayon-line">except Exception, e:</div>
<div id="crayon-5d00db49efa31774656964-45" class="crayon-line">              print str(e)</div>
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<pre> </pre>
部分信息转载于https://www.cnblogs.com/zhang-yulong/p/6540457.html
参考资料：https://www.cnblogs.com/qianyuliang/p/6433250.html
<pre>https://blog.csdn.net/Sufeiboy/article/details/82078059 </pre> 
来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/liuage/p/11011594.html

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ssh远程连接linux服务器并执行命令