国产麒麟系统KylinOS Server V10 SP2安装MySQL 8.0.28—二进制包安装

罗迪尼亚超大陆 發表於 2023-9-1 15:14:00

国产麒麟系统KylinOS Server V10 SP2安装MySQL 8.0.28—二进制包安装

<h1>一: 操作系统环境检查</h1>
<h2>1.1 首先确认操作系统版本是KylinOS Server V10 SP2</h2>
麒麟操作系统Kylinos Server V10 SP2使用的安装介质是 Kylin-Server-10-SP2-x86-Release-Build09-20210524.iso，执行以下命令查看版本：
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>cat /etc/kylin-release</pre>
</div>
<img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1564514/202309/1564514-20230901145246377-805982697.png">
 
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>cat /proc/version</pre>
</div>
<img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1564514/202309/1564514-20230901145307531-1901879556.png">
 
<h2>1.2 检查系统是否自带MySQL或MariaDB</h2>
通过以下命令检查是否安装：
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>rpm -qa | grep mariadb</pre>
</div>
<img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1564514/202309/1564514-20230901145337980-1494708657.png">
 
如果系统已经安装了其它版本的MySQL或者MariaDB则要将其删除，执行以下命令删除：
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>rpm -e {mariadb-server,mariadb,mariadb-errmessage,mariadb-common}</pre>
</div>
 或使用yum卸载
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>yum remove mysql mysql-server</pre>
</div>
 
<h2>1.3 安装mysql运行所必须的依赖包</h2>
mysql 8.0运行依赖如下包，执行以下命令安装:
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>yum install -y perl-Data-Dumper libaio libaio-devel
yum install -y ncurses ncurses-devel ncurses-base ncurses-libs
yum install -y openssl openssl-devel openssl-libs
yum install -y bzip2 bzip2-devel
yum install -y libtirpc libtirpc-devel
yum install -y readline readline-devel</pre>
</div>
 
<h1>二：准备MySQL安装包</h1>
此文档安装社区版MySQL 8.0.28，此版本可与Kylinos V10 SP2兼容。
<h2>2.1 下载MySQL安装包</h2>
打开MySQL官网下载页面，选择正确的筛选条件
<blockquote>
https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
</blockquote>
<ul>
<li>Select Operating System 选择Linux-Generic，</li>
<li>Select OS Version 中有两选择，第一个是选择glibc2.12(X86_64)，第二个是选择glibc2.17(X86_64)，二者区别我们放在文章最后讲述。</li>
</ul>
<img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1564514/202309/1564514-20230901145423948-1957622113.png">
 
此处我们选择glibc_2.17(X86_64)版本：
<img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1564514/202309/1564514-20230901145433790-1400088824.png">
 
<h2>2.2 上传MySQL二进制包</h2>
将MySQL 8.0.28的二进制包上传到/root/Documents目录并解压，解压后将所得目录移动到/usr/local目录下。
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>cd /root/Documents
tar xvf mysql-8.0.28-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64-minimal.tar.xz
mv mysql-8.0.28-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64-minimal/usr/local/mysql-8.0.28</pre>
</div>
 
<h1>三：配置启动MySQL</h1>
<h2>3.1 创建mysql用户</h2>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>groupadd mysql
useradd -M -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin mysql</pre>
</div>
 
<h2>3.2 创建数据目录</h2>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>mkdir /data/mysql/{data,log,redo,undo,arch} -p
chown mysql.mysql /data -R</pre>
</div>
<img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1564514/202309/1564514-20230901145507669-2094362553.png">
 
<h2>3.3 创建mysql环境变量</h2>
创建mysql目录软连接
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>ln -s /usr/local/mysql-8.0.28/usr/local/mysql
chown mysql.mysql mysql-8.0.28 -R</pre>
</div>
<img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1564514/202309/1564514-20230901145524380-692756828.png">
 
创建mysql环境变量配置文件
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>echo 'MYSQL_HOME=/usr/local/mysql' >>/etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
echo 'PATH=$PATH:$MYSQL_HOME/bin' >>/etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
echo 'export PATH' >>/etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
source/etc/profile.d/mysql.sh</pre>
</div>
<img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1564514/202309/1564514-20230901145544681-1986842061.png">
 
<h2>3.4 创建my.cnf配置文件</h2>
编辑/etc/my.cnf文件
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>vim /etc/my.cnf</pre>
</div>
输入以下内容到/etc/my.cnf中,此配置将data、redolog、undo、binlog分别置于独立目录。
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>[mysql]
socket=/data/mysql/data/mysqld.sock

[mysqld]
###base config###
server-id=210
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql/data
socket=/data/mysql/data/mysqld.sock
pid-file=/data/mysql/data/mysqld.pid
log-error=/data/mysql/log/mysqld.log
###query config###
join_buffer_size = 128M
sort_buffer_size = 16M
read_buffer_size = 16M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M
###open table config###
table_open_cache=2000
table_open_cache_instances=16
###connection config###
max_connections=2000
thread_cache_size=200
###binlog config###
log_bin=/data/mysql/log/binlog
log_bin_index=/data/mysql/log/binlog.index
binlog_format=ROW
max_binlog_size=1G
binlog_cache_size=16M
binlog_expire_logs_seconds=604800
enforce_gtid_consistency=ON
gtid_mode=ON
###general log config###
general_log=OFF
general_log_file=/data/mysql/log/mysqld.gnl
###slow query config###
log_output=FILE
long_query_time=1
slow_query_log=ON
slow_query_log_file=/data/mysql/log/mysqld.slow
###innodb redo log config###
innodb_log_file_size=1G
innodb_log_files_in_group=3
innodb_log_buffer_size=16M
innodb_log_group_home_dir=/data/mysql/redo
innodb_redo_log_archive_dirs=/data/mysql/arch
###innodb undo log config###
#innodb_max_undo_log_size=1G
#innodb_undo_tablespaces=2
innodb_undo_directory=/data/mysql/undo
###innodb config###
#innodb_data_file_path=ibdata1:12M:autoextend
#innodb_temp_data_file_path=ibtmp1:12M:autoextend
#innodb_temp_tablespaces_dir=./#innodb_temp/
#innodb_autoextend_increment=64
innodb_buffer_pool_size=8G
innodb_open_files=10000
open_files_limit=10000
character-set-server=utf8mb4
lower_case_table_names=1</pre>
</div>
 
<h2>3.5 初始化mysql</h2>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --initialize --user=mysql</pre>
</div>
 
<h2>3.6 配置systemctl mysqld服务</h2>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service</pre>
</div>
 
输入如下内容：
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target 
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
Type=notify
# Disable service start and stop timeout logic of systemd for mysqld service.
TimeoutSec=0
# Execute pre and post scripts as root
PermissionsStartOnly=true
# Start main service
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld $MYSQLD_OPTS
# Use this to switch malloc implementation
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/sysconfig/mysql
# Sets open_files_limit
LimitNOFILE = 10000
Restart=on-failure
RestartPreventExitStatus=1
# Set enviroment variable MYSQLD_PARENT_PID. This is required for restart.
Environment=MYSQLD_PARENT_PID=1
PrivateTmp=false</pre>
</div>
 
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld@.service</pre>
</div>
输入如下内容：
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target

WantedBy=multi-user.target

User=mysql
Group=mysql
Type=notify
# Disable service start and stop timeout logic of systemd for mysqld service.
TimeoutSec=0
# Execute pre and post scripts as root
PermissionsStartOnly=true
# Start main service
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-group-suffix=@%I $MYSQLD_OPTS
# Use this to switch malloc implementation
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/sysconfig/mysql
# Sets open_files_limit
LimitNOFILE = 10000
Restart=on-failure
RestartPreventExitStatus=1
# Set enviroment variable MYSQLD_PARENT_PID. This is required for restart.
Environment=MYSQLD_PARENT_PID=1
PrivateTmp=false</pre>
</div>
 
<h2>3.7 启用mysqld服务</h2>
配置并初始化完成后MySQL服务默认并未启动，可以通过以下命令启动：
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>systemctl enable mysqld</pre>
</div>
<img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1564514/202309/1564514-20230901150002186-1868878201.png">
 
启动mysql服务
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>systemctl start mysqld</pre>
</div>
 
查看mysqld服务状态：
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>systemctl status mysqld</pre>
</div>
<img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1564514/202309/1564514-20230901150025737-37087721.png">
 
<h2>3.8 首次登录mysql</h2>
在MySQL初始化(initialize)完成后会自动为MySQL的root用户生成一个随机初始化密码，并在MySQL的errorlog文件中记录下来，我们要找到它并用它登录MySQL，修改root用户密码后才能执行任何其它操作：
<ul>
<li>找到初始化密码</li>
</ul>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>grep password /data/mysql/log/mysqld.log</pre>
</div>
 
下图绿色方框中即为初始化密码
<img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1564514/202309/1564514-20230901150056183-284910062.png">
 
<ul>
<li>使用上面的初始化密码登录MySQL</li>
</ul>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>mysql -uroot -p</pre>
</div>
<img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1564514/202309/1564514-20230901150116766-2089601916.png">
 
<ul>
<li>修改root密码</li>
</ul>
使用初始化密码登录MySQL后只能执行修改密码的操作，其它任何操作是不能执行的，使用以下命令修改密码：
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>mysql> alter user user()identifiedby'******';</pre>
</div>
 
密码修改成功后，执行以下命令查看MySQL基本信息：
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>mysql> status</pre>
</div>
<img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1564514/202309/1564514-20230901150402148-634193806.png">
 
<img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1564514/202309/1564514-20230901150409915-597701817.png">
 一切正常，至此安装完成。
 
<h1>补充说明</h1>
<ol>
<li>mysql-8.0.28-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64-minimal.tar.xz与mysql-8.0.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz两个版本的区别：</li>
</ol>
<ul>
<li>mysql-8.0.28-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64-minimal.tar.xz是最小化编译二进制版本，其中不包括一系列debug所用到的mysqld_debug可执行文件，并且mysqld也不是静态编译，而是动态链接库方式编译的，所以它的体积更小，但需要操作系统中有其运行所需要的2.17的动态链接库。</li>
<li>mysql-8.0.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz是完整编译的二进制版本，其中包括debug所需的mysqld_debug可执行文件，并且mysqld是静态编译，而非动态链接库方式编译的，所以它的体积更大，但不需要操作系统提供动态链接库即可运行。</li>
</ul>
之所以选择glibc2.17版本，是因为此本体积更小巧。
centos7以及之后的操作系统一般都同时支持了glibc2.12与glibc2.17，甚至到centos8系列已经可以支持到glibc2.28，比如我们用的麒麟服务器版V10 SP2就提供了最低2.2.5到最高2.28各个版本的支持。
<ul>
<li>查看系统支持的GLIBC库列表，可以执行如下命令：</li>
</ul>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>strings /usr/lib64/libc.so.6 | grep GLIBC</pre>
</div>
<img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1564514/202309/1564514-20230901150444009-1020768297.png">
 
<ul>
<li>查看系统当前运行的GLIBC版本，可以执行如下命令：</li>
</ul>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>ldd --version</pre>
</div>
<img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1564514/202309/1564514-20230901150513520-1521267994.png">
 
<h1>后记</h1>
在麒麟V10系统上安装时由于glibc版本选高了，导致初始化异常 error while loading shared libraries: libcrypto.so.3: ELF load command alignment not page-aligned。
麒麟v10 Linux只能安装 mysql-8.0.34-linux-glibc2.17-aarch64.tar.gz（glibc2.17，ARM，64） ，如果使用 mysql-8.0.34-linux-glibc2.28-aarch64.tar.gz（glibc2.28，ARM，64） 就会在初始化时报异常
 
转自: https://blog.csdn.net/kanon_lgt/article/details/123810486
<div data-cke-filler-webkit="end" data-cke-temp="1">参考资料: Linux系统mysql8源码安装（适用任何linux，包括麒麟v10） - web服务相关 - ssword </div> 
来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/masahiro/p/17671963.html

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国产麒麟系统KylinOS Server V10 SP2安装MySQL 8.0.28—二进制包安装