银河麒麟V10系统安装Redis

燃烧你温暖我 發表於 2023-4-28 17:12:00

<p>原文链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/liunaixu/p/17138335.html</p>
<h1>一、准备工作</h1>
<p>安装环境：银河麒麟KylinV10</p>
<p>1、Redis是基于C语言编写的，因此首先需要安装Redis所需要的gcc依赖：</p>
<p># yum install cpp</p>
<p><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202302/1204515-20230220172910392-40347203.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<p>输入：y</p>
<p><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202302/1204515-20230220173141222-2131906628.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<p> 2、# yum install binutils</p>
<p><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202302/1204515-20230220173316715-1616519669.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<p> 3、# yum install glibc</p>
<p><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202302/1204515-20230220173346013-1411916858.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<p>4、# yum install glibc-kernheaders</p>
<p><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202302/1204515-20230220173434940-1961132587.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<p>输入：y回车</p>
<p><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202302/1204515-20230220173513024-946961905.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<p>5、#  yum install glibc-common</p>
<p><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202302/1204515-20230220173553333-2069571375.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<p> 6、#  yum install glibc-devel</p>
<p><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202302/1204515-20230220173642614-1714510835.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<p>7、#  yum install gcc</p>
<p><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202302/1204515-20230220173749599-1393174628.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<p>#  gcc -v</p>
<p><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202302/1204515-20230221092531138-1889620812.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<p> 8、# yum install make</p>
<p><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202302/1204515-20230220173811568-1296009082.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<p>9、# yum install tcl</p>
<p> <img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202302/1204515-20230220173830751-437939323.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<h1>二、下载安装Redis</h1>
<p>1、下载文件：Redis  或者   </p>
<p>#  wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-5.0.5.tar.gz</p>
<p><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202302/1204515-20230221092010008-708089206.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<p>2、解压并移动到指定目录</p>
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<div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="sql plain"># cd /usr/</code><code class="sql keyword">local</code></div>
<div class="line number2 index1 alt1"><code class="sql plain"># mkdir redis   # 创建目录</code></div>
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<p><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202302/1204515-20230221093218718-771804343.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre># tar -zxvf redis-5.0.5.tar.gz#解压
# mv redis-5.0.5 /usr/local/redis #移动到指定目录下
# cd /usr/local/redis </pre>
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<p class="brush:sql;gutter:true;"><em><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202302/1204515-20230221093736389-537114163.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></em></p>
<p>3、安装编译工具：# yum install gcc gcc-c++ -y</p>
<p>如果先执行make，再安装编译工具会导致编译错误，建议删除并重新解压编译</p>
<p><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202302/1204515-20230221093917027-45692602.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<p>4、编译：make  && make install</p>
<div class="cnblogs_code"><img src="https://images.cnblogs.com/OutliningIndicators/ContractedBlock.gif" id="code_img_closed_b4eab7d6-3f19-4adf-a095-7659861eb899" class="code_img_closed">日志详情<span class="cnblogs_code_collapse"><br></span></div>
<p><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202303/1204515-20230314113159278-1834205509.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<p>5、修改配置文件：/usr/local/redis/redis-5.0.5/redis.conf</p>
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<div class="line number1 index0 alt2"><code class="sql plain"># cd /usr/</code><code class="sql keyword">local</code><code class="sql plain">/redis/redis-5.0.5</code></div>

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<p><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202302/1204515-20230221094421648-2138417045.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<p>然后执行：# vi redis.conf</p>
<p>6、需要修改的内容</p>
<p class="brush:sql;gutter:true;">bind 127.0.0.1 192.168.0.57 #绑定的地址，127为了本地访问，内网地址为其它地址访问</p>
<p><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202303/1204515-20230314113529224-1936092880.png" alt="" loading="lazy"></p>
<p class="brush:sql;gutter:true;">protected-mode no #保护模式关闭</p>
<p><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202303/1204515-20230314113544265-1243320107.png" alt="" loading="lazy"></p>
<p> port 6379 #端口号，建议不修改</p>
<p class="brush:sql;gutter:true;"><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202303/1204515-20230314113621019-2046215958.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<p class="brush:sql;gutter:true;">timeout 180 #超时时间</p>
<p><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202303/1204515-20230314113756053-890903831.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<p>daemonize yes #后台启动</p>
<p><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202303/1204515-20230314113846329-311171363.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<p>save 900 1 #900秒时间，至少有一条数据更新，则保存到数据文件中</p>
<p>save 300 10 #300秒时间，至少有10条数据更新，则保存到数据文件中</p>
<p>save 60 10000 #60秒时间，至少有10000条数据更新，则保存到数据文件中</p>
<p><em><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202303/1204515-20230314113955532-1962059351.png" alt="" loading="lazy"></em></p>
<p>rdbcompression yes #指定存储至本地数据库时是否压缩数据，默认是yes，redis采用LZF压缩，如果为了节省CPU时间， #可以关闭该选项，但会导致数据库文件扁的巨大</p>
<p><em><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202303/1204515-20230314114014632-1599425267.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></em></p>
<p>dbfilename dump.rdb #redis数据名称</p>
<p><em><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202303/1204515-20230314114058581-1431713973.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></em></p>
<p>dir /usr/redisdb #redis数据存储位置</p>
<p><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202303/1204515-20230314114321178-1160500750.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<p class="brush:sql;gutter:true;">appendonly yes #打开aof模式</p>
<p class="brush:sql;gutter:true;"><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202303/1204515-20230314114814838-475187574.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<p>logfile "/usr/local/redis/logs/redis.log"#设置日志打印地址</p>
<p><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202303/1204515-20230314115319746-289652312.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<h1>三、启动Redis</h1>
<p data-pid="2i9L-7rF">redis的启动方式有很多种，例如：默认启动、开机自启</p>
<h2>1、手动启动</h2>
<p>安装完成后，在任意位置执行： /usr/local/redis/redis-5.0.5/src/redis-server命令即可启动Redis</p>
<p><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202303/1204515-20230314115845383-1322893795.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<p>可以看到redis已经安装成功了。这个时候你会发现不能进行其他操作了，因为这是在前台启动的redis。</p>
<p>这个时候可以再启动一个客户端使用cd /usr/local/redis/redis-5.0.5/src/  ./redis-cli shutdown命令关闭redis服务，然后会在之前的客户端看到日志信息。</p>
<div class="cnblogs_code"><span class="cnblogs_code_collapse">日志信息</span></div>
<h2 data-pid="dU_fy5aB">2、设置开机自启动方法一</h2>
<h3>1、创建/etc/redis目录复制配置文件<code>redis.conf 到/etc/redis下并</code>改名6379.conf</h3>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre># mkdir /etc/redis # 创建/etc/redis目录</pre>
<pre># cd /usr/local/redis/redis-5.0.5# 打开路径</pre>
<pre># cp -r redis.conf /etc/redis/6379.conf# 复制配置文件<code>redis.conf 到/etc/redis下并</code>改名6379.conf</pre>
</div>
<p><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202303/1204515-20230314161057593-579046745.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<h3>2、复制配置文件redis_init_script到/etc/init.d下并命名redis</h3>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre># cd /usr/local/redis/redis-5.0.5/utils# 打开路径</pre>
<pre><em># cp redis_init_script /etc/init.d/redis# </em>复制配置文件redis_init_script到/etc/init.d下并命名redis</pre>
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<p><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202303/1204515-20230314160303465-271713401.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<p>3、cd /etc/init.d/目录下-->编辑文件vi redis</p>
<p><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202303/1204515-20230314161533852-104912418.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<p>上面路径替换城redis的安装路径，如下</p>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>EXEC=/usr/local/redis/redis-5.0.5/src/redis-server
CLIEXEC=/usr/local/redis/redis-5.0.5/src/redis-cli</pre>
</div>
<p><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202303/1204515-20230314162053448-1497664166.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<p>在文件最上边添加如下编码</p>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>#!/bin/sh
# chkconfig: 2345 10 90
# description: Start and Stop redis</pre>
</div>
<p>备注：</p>
<p>上面的注释的意思是，redis服务必须在运行级2，3，4，5下被启动或关闭，启动的优先级是90，关闭的优先级是10。从redis 安装目录中拷贝过来，可能没有，需要添加上去; 否则 chkconfig 命令会失败;</p>
<p><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202303/1204515-20230314162901981-1838566079.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<p>4、开机启动设置，执行一下命令：添加redis服务：</p>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>chkconfig --add redis</pre>
</div>
<p><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202303/1204515-20230314163209446-1610516904.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<p>5、设为开机启动</p>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>chkconfig redis on</pre>
</div>
<p><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202303/1204515-20230314163248005-419829244.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<p>6、修改文件权限</p>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>chmod 777 /etc/init.d/redis</pre>
</div>
<p><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202303/1204515-20230314162151092-922094825.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<h2 data-pid="dU_fy5aB">3、设置开机自启动方法二</h2>
<p data-pid="Zsu3SUwu">在学习redis时每次都需要手动开启redis，为了方便就设置一个开机自启</p>
<p data-pid="NENRD5OS">1.新建一个系统服务文件：cd /etc/systemd/system路径下新建redis.service的文件</p>
<p data-pid="NENRD5OS"><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202303/1204515-20230314151231855-1128475522.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<pre class="highlighter-hljs"><code class="language-text highlighter-hljs hljs language-plaintext">可以使用vi /etc/systemd/system/redis.service直接创建
</code></pre>
<pre>内容如下：</pre>
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<pre>
Description=redis-server
After=network.target

Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/redis/redis-5.0.5/src/redis-server /usr/local/redis/redis-5.0.5/redis.conf
PrivateTmp=true
<br> WantedBy=multi-user.target</pre>
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<p data-pid="eB8ih-zm">ExecStart=/opt/software/redis-6.2.6/src/redis-server :启动服务的命令的位置<br>/usr/local/redis/redis-5.0.5/redis.conf 配置文件命令的位置</p>
<p data-pid="eB8ih-zm"><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202303/1204515-20230314153324651-1258947363.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<p data-pid="eB8ih-zm">然后重载系统服务：</p>
<div class="highlight">
<pre class="highlighter-hljs"><code class="language-text highlighter-hljs hljs language-plaintext"> systemctl daemon-reload</code></pre>
</div>
<p data-pid="NENRD5OS"><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202303/1204515-20230313161110722-1669200709.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<p data-pid="0CRthEKy"> </p>
<h2 data-pid="mfXy34IJ">4、指定配置启动</h2>
<p data-pid="yCbBk-KU">前面在启动redis服务器后，都是在前台启动的，需要重新启动一个客户端来进行登陆操作。为了解决这个问题，我们需要设置后台启动。如果要让Redis以<code>后台</code>方式启动，则必须修改Redis配置文件，就在我们之前解压的redis安装包下（cd /usr/local/redis/redis-5.0.5），名字叫redis.conf：</p>
<p data-pid="yCbBk-KU"><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202303/1204515-20230313154820674-1555545788.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<p>我们先将这个配置文件备份一份： cp redis.conf redis.conf.copy</p>
<p><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202303/1204515-20230313154905998-513963941.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<p data-pid="Zndb0ZFq">然后修改redis.conf文件中的一些配置：vi redis.conf</p>
<pre> # 允许访问的地址，默认是127.0.0.1，会导致只能在本地访问。修改为0.0.0.0则可以在任意IP访问，生产环境不要设置为0.0.0.0
bind 0.0.0.0</pre>
<p><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202303/1204515-20230313155034946-596673937.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<p># daemonize no修改为daemonize yes 这里表示将redis以守护进程的方式在后台运行；</p>
<img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202303/1204515-20230313155101490-1736484717.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy">
<p># 密码，设置后访问Redis必须输入密码 requirepass 123321</p>
<p><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202303/1204515-20230313155515316-750940022.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<div class="cnblogs_code">
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<pre>Redis的其它常见配置：

# 监听的端口
port 6379
# 工作目录，默认是当前目录，也就是运行redis-server时的命令，日志、持久化等文件会保存在这个目录
dir .
# 数据库数量，设置为1，代表只使用1个库，默认有16个库，编号0~15
databases 1
# 设置redis能够使用的最大内存
maxmemory 512mb
# 日志文件，默认为空，不记录日志，可以指定日志文件名
logfile "redis.log"</pre>
<div class="cnblogs_code_toolbar"><span class="cnblogs_code_copy"><img src="https://common.cnblogs.com/images/copycode.gif" alt="复制代码"></span></div>
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<h2 data-pid="IczaJCDA">5、启动Redis</h2>
<div class="highlight">
<pre class="highlighter-hljs"><code class="language-text highlighter-hljs hljs language-plaintext"> # 进入redis安装目录
cd /usr/local/redis/redis-5.0.5/src
# 启动
/usr/local/redis/redis-5.0.5/src/redis-server /usr/local/redis/redis-5.0.5/redis.conf

</code></pre>
<p data-pid="0CRthEKy">现在，我们可以用下面这组命令来操作redis了：</p>
<div class="highlight">
<pre class="highlighter-hljs"><code class="language-text highlighter-hljs hljs language-plaintext"> # 启动
systemctl start redis
# 停止
systemctl stop redis
# 重启
systemctl restart redis
# 查看状态
systemctl status redis
报错：未启动状态，为解决
</code></pre>
</div>
<p data-pid="dS2cAqB0">执行下面的命令，可以让redis开机自启：</p>
<div class="highlight">
<pre class="highlighter-hljs"><code class="language-text highlighter-hljs hljs language-plaintext"> systemctl enable redis
报错：未完待续
</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<h2 data-pid="MZ3s7jJY">6、停止服务</h2>
<div class="highlight">
<pre class="highlighter-hljs"><code class="language-text highlighter-hljs hljs language-plaintext"># 进入redis安装目录
cd /usr/local/redis/redis-5.0.5/src</code></pre>
<pre class="highlighter-hljs"><code class="language-text highlighter-hljs hljs language-plaintext"># 利用redis-cli来执行 shutdown 命令，即可停止 Redis 服务，
# 因为之前配置了密码，因此需要通过 -u 来指定密码
./redis-cli -u 123321 shutdown</code></pre>
</div>
<p> <img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202303/1204515-20230313160433757-1611928404.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<p> </p>
<h2>7、设置开机启动</h2>
<p>echo '/usr/local/redis/redis-5.0.5/src/redis-server /usr/local/redis/redis-5.0.5/redis.conf' >> /etc/rc.local</p>
<h2>8、查看状态：ps -aux|grep redis</h2>
<p><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202303/1204515-20230313145922285-1696585710.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<h2>9、查看安装位置whereis redis</h2>
<p> <img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202303/1204515-20230313150523261-596069061.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<h1>四、使用redis-cli连接redis-server</h1>
<p data-pid="nVKsX9jJ">Redis安装完成后就自带了命令行客户端：redis-cli，使用方式如下：</p>
<div class="highlight">
<pre class="highlighter-hljs"><code class="language-splus highlighter-hljs hljs"> redis-cli </code></pre>
</div>
<p data-pid="OcyEeQ30">其中常见的options有：</p>
<ul>
<li data-pid="dNp1XTG7"><code>-h 127.0.0.1</code>：指定要连接的redis节点的IP地址，默认是127.0.0.1</li>
<li data-pid="Hb2MImml"><code>-p 6379</code>：指定要连接的redis节点的端口，默认是6379</li>
<li data-pid="vYzNg1M-"><code>-a 123321</code>：指定redis的访问密码</li>
</ul>
<p data-pid="vrBizBku">其中的commonds就是Redis的操作命令，例如：</p>
<ul>
<li data-pid="S-HAWfEs"><code>ping</code>：与redis服务端做心跳测试，服务端正常会返回<code>pong</code></li>
</ul>
<p data-pid="d2Jnv-QZ">不指定commond时，会进入<code>redis-cli</code>的交互控制台：</p>
<p data-pid="d2Jnv-QZ"><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202303/1204515-20230313164718365-282662115.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<p> <img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202303/1204515-20230314164528994-1160172680.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></p>
<h1 id="blogTitle0">五、卸载redis</h1>
<h3 id="blogTitle2">1、打开终端命令行模式</h3>
<p>2、输入以下命令查看reids是否在运行，如果在运行需要将其关闭。</p>
<p>ps aux | <span class="hljs-keyword">grep redis <span class="hljs-comment">#查看reids是否在运行kill -9 PID #通过杀掉reids进程将其关闭</span></span></p>
<p><span class="hljs-keyword"><img src="https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1204515/202303/1204515-20230314103838708-1917010163.png" alt="" class="medium-zoom-image" loading="lazy"></span></p>
<h3 id="blogTitle3">3、再输入以下命令将redis-server服务停止。</h3>
<pre>redis-cli <span class="hljs-keyword">shutdown</span></pre>
<h3 id="blogTitle4">4、再输入以下命令删除/usr/local/lib目录下与redis相关的文件。</h3>
<p><span class="hljs-built_in">rm -rf /usr/local/redis* <span class="hljs-comment">#删除redis文件ls /usr/local/redis* #查看redis文件</span></span></p><br><br>
来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/fswhq/p/17362717.html

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