微信公众号开发之新增临时素材（八）
<h3>一、新增临时素材</h3><p>公众号经常有需要用到一些临时性的多媒体素材的场景，例如在使用接口特别是发送消息时，对多媒体文件、多媒体消息的获取和调用等操作，是通过media_id来进行的。素材管理接口对所有认证的订阅号和服务号开放。通过本接口，公众号可以新增临时素材（即上传临时多媒体文件）。</p>
<p>注意点：</p>
<p>1、临时素材media_id是可复用的。</p>
<p>2、<strong>媒体文件在微信后台保存时间为3天，即3天后media_id失效。</strong></p>
<p>3、上传临时素材的格式、大小限制与公众平台官网一致。</p>
<p>图片（image）: 2M，支持PNG\JPEG\JPG\GIF格式</p>
<p>语音（voice）：2M，播放长度不超过60s，支持AMR\MP3格式</p>
<p>视频（video）：10MB，支持MP4格式</p>
<p>缩略图（thumb）：64KB，支持JPG格式</p>
<p>4、需使用https调用本接口。</p>
<p><strong>接口调用请求说明</strong></p>
<p>http请求方式：POST/FORM，使用https https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/media/upload?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN&type=TYPE 调用示例（使用curl命令，用FORM表单方式上传一个多媒体文件）： curl -F media=@test.jpg "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/media/upload?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN&type=TYPE"</p>
<p><strong>参数说明</strong></p>
<table class=" cke_show_border">
<thead>
<tr><th>参数</th><th>是否必须</th><th>说明</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>access_token</td>
<td>是</td>
<td>调用接口凭证</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>type</td>
<td>是</td>
<td>媒体文件类型，分别有图片（image）、语音（voice）、视频（video）和缩略图（thumb）</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>media</td>
<td>是</td>
<td>form-data中媒体文件标识，有filename、filelength、content-type等信息</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><strong>返回说明</strong></p>
<p>正确情况下的返回JSON数据包结果如下：</p>
<div class="cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_block cke_widget_codeSnippet cke_widget_wrapper_has cke_widget_selected" data-cke-widget-wrapper="1" data-cke-filter="off" data-cke-display-name="代码段" data-cke-widget-id="19">
<pre class="has cke_widget_element" data-cke-widget-data="{&quot;code&quot;:&quot;{\&quot;type\&quot;:\&quot;TYPE\&quot;,\&quot;media_id\&quot;:\&quot;MEDIA_ID\&quot;,\&quot;created_at\&quot;:123456789}\n&quot;,&quot;classes&quot;:{&quot;has&quot;:1}}" data-cke-widget-upcasted="1" data-cke-widget-keep-attr="0" data-widget="codeSnippet"><code class="hljs">{"type":"TYPE","media_id":"MEDIA_ID","created_at":123456789}
</code></pre>
<span class="cke_reset cke_widget_drag_handler_container"><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw=="></span></div>
<table class=" cke_show_border">
<thead>
<tr><th>参数</th><th>描述</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>type</td>
<td>媒体文件类型，分别有图片（image）、语音（voice）、视频（video）和缩略图（thumb，主要用于视频与音乐格式的缩略图）</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>media_id</td>
<td>媒体文件上传后，获取标识</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>created_at</td>
<td>媒体文件上传时间戳</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>错误情况下的返回JSON数据包示例如下（示例为无效媒体类型错误）：</p>
<div class="cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_block cke_widget_codeSnippet cke_widget_wrapper_has cke_widget_selected" data-cke-widget-wrapper="1" data-cke-filter="off" data-cke-display-name="代码段" data-cke-widget-id="18">
<pre class="has cke_widget_element" data-cke-widget-data="{&quot;code&quot;:&quot;{\&quot;errcode\&quot;:40004,\&quot;errmsg\&quot;:\&quot;invalid media type\&quot;}\n&quot;,&quot;classes&quot;:{&quot;has&quot;:1}}" data-cke-widget-upcasted="1" data-cke-widget-keep-attr="0" data-widget="codeSnippet"><code class="hljs">{"errcode":40004,"errmsg":"invalid media type"}
</code></pre>
<span class="cke_reset cke_widget_drag_handler_container"><img class="cke_reset cke_widget_drag_handler lazyload" title="点击并拖拽以移动" alt="" width="15" height="15" data-cke-widget-drag-handler="1" data-src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw=="></span></div>
<p>根据上面的接口，我们定义了一个上传临时素材的方法，包含文件目录和文件类型这两个参数，我们这里依然采用RestTemplate工具类进行文件上传</p>
<p><span class="cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_image cke_image_nocaption cke_widget_selected" data-cke-widget-wrapper="1" data-cke-filter="off" data-cke-display-name="图像" data-cke-widget-id="17"><img class="has cke_widget_element lazyload" alt="" width="1200" height="847" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200109133929426.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTM1MjEyMjA=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" data-cke-widget-data="{&quot;hasCaption&quot;:false,&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200109133929426.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTM1MjEyMjA=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70&quot;,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;1200&quot;,&quot;height&quot;:&quot;847&quot;,&quot;lock&quot;:true,&quot;align&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;classes&quot;:{&quot;has&quot;:1}}" data-cke-widget-upcasted="1" data-cke-widget-keep-attr="0" data-widget="image" data-src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200109133929426.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTM1MjEyMjA=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70"><span class="cke_reset cke_widget_drag_handler_container"><img class="cke_reset cke_widget_drag_handler lazyload" title="点击并拖拽以移动" alt="" width="15" height="15" data-cke-widget-drag-handler="1" data-src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw=="><span class="cke_image_resizer" title="点击并拖拽以改变尺寸"></span></span></span></p>
<p> </p>
<div class="cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_block cke_widget_codeSnippet cke_widget_wrapper_has cke_widget_selected" data-cke-widget-wrapper="1" data-cke-filter="off" data-cke-display-name="代码段" data-cke-widget-id="16">
<pre class="has cke_widget_element" data-cke-widget-data="{&quot;code&quot;:&quot;/**\n * 上传临时素菜\n * 1、临时素材media_id是可复用的。\n * 2、媒体文件在微信后台保存时间为3天，即3天后media_id失效。\n * 3、上传临时素材的格式、大小限制与公众平台官网一致。\n * @param filePath\n * @param type\n * @return\n */\n public String uploadFile(String filePath,String type) {\n\n String accessToken = accessTokenUtil.getAccessToken();\n if (accessToken != null) {\n String url = URIConstant.MEDIA_UPLOAD_URL.replace(\&quot;ACCESS_TOKEN\&quot;, accessToken)\n .replace(\&quot;TYPE\&quot;, type);\n log.info(\&quot;MEDIA_UPLOAD_URL:{}\&quot;,url);\n\n //设置请求体，注意是LinkedMultiValueMap\n MultiValueMap&lt;String, Object&gt; form = new LinkedMultiValueMap&lt;&gt;();\n FileSystemResource fileSystemResource = new FileSystemResource(filePath);\n form.add(\&quot;media\&quot;, fileSystemResource);\n\n //设置请求头\n HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();\n headers.setContentType(MediaType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA);\n\n //用HttpEntity封装整个请求报文\n HttpEntity&lt;MultiValueMap&lt;String, Object&gt;&gt; data = new HttpEntity&lt;&gt;(form, headers);\n try{\n //这里RestTemplate请求返回的字符串直接转换成JSONObject会报异常,后续深入找一下原因\n String resultString = restTemplate.postForObject(url, data, String.class);\n log.info(\&quot;上传返回的信息是：{}\&quot;,resultString);\n if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(resultString)){\n JSONObject jsonObject = JSONObject.parseObject(resultString);\n return jsonObject.getString(\&quot;media_id\&quot;);\n }\n }catch (Exception e){\n log.error(e.getMessage());\n }\n\n }\n return null;\n }&quot;,&quot;classes&quot;:{&quot;has&quot;:1}}" data-cke-widget-upcasted="1" data-cke-widget-keep-attr="0" data-widget="codeSnippet"><code class="hljs">/**
* 上传临时素菜
* 1、临时素材media_id是可复用的。
* 2、媒体文件在微信后台保存时间为3天，即3天后media_id失效。
* 3、上传临时素材的格式、大小限制与公众平台官网一致。
* @param filePath
* @param type
* @return
*/
public String uploadFile(String filePath,String type) {
String accessToken = accessTokenUtil.getAccessToken();
if (accessToken != null) {
String url = URIConstant.MEDIA_UPLOAD_URL.replace("ACCESS_TOKEN", accessToken)
.replace("TYPE", type);
log.info("MEDIA_UPLOAD_URL:{}",url);
//设置请求体，注意是LinkedMultiValueMap
MultiValueMap<String, Object> form = new LinkedMultiValueMap<>();
FileSystemResource fileSystemResource = new FileSystemResource(filePath);
form.add("media", fileSystemResource);
//设置请求头
HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
headers.setContentType(MediaType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA);
//用HttpEntity封装整个请求报文
HttpEntity<MultiValueMap<String, Object>> data = new HttpEntity<>(form, headers);
try{
//这里RestTemplate请求返回的字符串直接转换成JSONObject会报异常,后续深入找一下原因
String resultString = restTemplate.postForObject(url, data, String.class);
log.info("上传返回的信息是：{}",resultString);
if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(resultString)){
JSONObject jsonObject = JSONObject.parseObject(resultString);
return jsonObject.getString("media_id");
}
}catch (Exception e){
log.error(e.getMessage());
}
}
return null;
}</code></pre>
<span class="cke_reset cke_widget_drag_handler_container"><img class="cke_reset cke_widget_drag_handler lazyload" title="点击并拖拽以移动" alt="" width="15" height="15" data-cke-widget-drag-handler="1" data-src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw=="></span></div>
<p>我们在swagger中新建一个Controller用以提交我们的上传请求，并测试我们的代码是否正确</p>
<p><span class="cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_image cke_image_nocaption cke_widget_selected" data-cke-widget-wrapper="1" data-cke-filter="off" data-cke-display-name="图像" data-cke-widget-id="15"><img class="has cke_widget_element lazyload" alt="" width="1200" height="644" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200109134238928.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTM1MjEyMjA=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" data-cke-widget-data="{&quot;hasCaption&quot;:false,&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200109134238928.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTM1MjEyMjA=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70&quot;,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;1200&quot;,&quot;height&quot;:&quot;644&quot;,&quot;lock&quot;:true,&quot;align&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;classes&quot;:{&quot;has&quot;:1}}" data-cke-widget-upcasted="1" data-cke-widget-keep-attr="0" data-widget="image" data-src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200109134238928.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTM1MjEyMjA=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70"><span class="cke_reset cke_widget_drag_handler_container"><img class="cke_reset cke_widget_drag_handler lazyload" title="点击并拖拽以移动" alt="" width="15" height="15" data-cke-widget-drag-handler="1" data-src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw=="><span class="cke_image_resizer" title="点击并拖拽以改变尺寸"></span></span></span></p>
<div class="cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_block cke_widget_codeSnippet cke_widget_wrapper_has cke_widget_selected" data-cke-widget-wrapper="1" data-cke-filter="off" data-cke-display-name="代码段" data-cke-widget-id="14">
<pre class="has cke_widget_element" data-cke-widget-data="{&quot;code&quot;:&quot;@ApiOperation(value = \&quot;上传临时素材\&quot;)\n @RequestMapping(value = \&quot;/uploadFile\&quot;, method = RequestMethod.POST)\n @ApiImplicitParams({\n @ApiImplicitParam(name=\&quot;filePath\&quot;,value=\&quot;文件位置\&quot;, paramType=\&quot;query\&quot;,dataType=\&quot;String\&quot;),\n @ApiImplicitParam(name=\&quot;type\&quot;,value=\&quot;媒体文件类型，分别有图片（image）、语音（voice）、视频（video）和缩略图（thumb）\&quot;, paramType=\&quot;query\&quot;,dataType=\&quot;String\&quot;),\n\n })\n public Object upload(String filePath, String type) throws Exception{\n\n String result = uploadUtil.uploadFile(filePath,type);\n return result;\n }&quot;,&quot;classes&quot;:{&quot;has&quot;:1}}" data-cke-widget-upcasted="1" data-cke-widget-keep-attr="0" data-widget="codeSnippet"><code class="hljs">@ApiOperation(value = "上传临时素材")
@RequestMapping(value = "/uploadFile", method = RequestMethod.POST)
@ApiImplicitParams({
@ApiImplicitParam(name="filePath",value="文件位置", paramType="query",dataType="String"),
@ApiImplicitParam(name="type",value="媒体文件类型，分别有图片（image）、语音（voice）、视频（video）和缩略图（thumb）", paramType="query",dataType="String"),
})
public Object upload(String filePath, String type) throws Exception{
String result = uploadUtil.uploadFile(filePath,type);
return result;
}</code></pre>
<span class="cke_reset cke_widget_drag_handler_container"><img class="cke_reset cke_widget_drag_handler lazyload" title="点击并拖拽以移动" alt="" width="15" height="15" data-cke-widget-drag-handler="1" data-src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw=="></span></div>
<p>启动我们的项目，在swagger中输入一个有效的文件路径（这里假如是图片类型），type设置为image</p>
<p> </p>
<p><span class="cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_image cke_image_nocaption cke_widget_selected" data-cke-widget-wrapper="1" data-cke-filter="off" data-cke-display-name="图像" data-cke-widget-id="13"><img class="has cke_widget_element lazyload" alt="" width="1200" height="858" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200109134651790.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTM1MjEyMjA=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" data-cke-widget-data="{&quot;hasCaption&quot;:false,&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200109134651790.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTM1MjEyMjA=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70&quot;,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;1200&quot;,&quot;height&quot;:&quot;858&quot;,&quot;lock&quot;:true,&quot;align&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;classes&quot;:{&quot;has&quot;:1}}" data-cke-widget-upcasted="1" data-cke-widget-keep-attr="0" data-widget="image" data-src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200109134651790.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTM1MjEyMjA=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70"><span class="cke_reset cke_widget_drag_handler_container"><img class="cke_reset cke_widget_drag_handler lazyload" title="点击并拖拽以移动" alt="" width="15" height="15" data-cke-widget-drag-handler="1" data-src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw=="><span class="cke_image_resizer" title="点击并拖拽以改变尺寸"></span></span></span></p>
<p>可以看到，我们成功上传了临时文件，并获取到了该文件的media_id（这个后续很重要！！！）</p>
<p> </p>
<p><span class="cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_image cke_image_nocaption cke_widget_selected" data-cke-widget-wrapper="1" data-cke-filter="off" data-cke-display-name="图像" data-cke-widget-id="12"><img class="has cke_widget_element lazyload" alt="" width="1200" height="353" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200109134906503.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTM1MjEyMjA=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" data-cke-widget-data="{&quot;hasCaption&quot;:false,&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200109134906503.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTM1MjEyMjA=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70&quot;,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;1200&quot;,&quot;height&quot;:&quot;353&quot;,&quot;lock&quot;:true,&quot;align&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;classes&quot;:{&quot;has&quot;:1}}" data-cke-widget-upcasted="1" data-cke-widget-keep-attr="0" data-widget="image" data-src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200109134906503.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTM1MjEyMjA=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70"><span class="cke_reset cke_widget_drag_handler_container"><img class="cke_reset cke_widget_drag_handler lazyload" title="点击并拖拽以移动" alt="" width="15" height="15" data-cke-widget-drag-handler="1" data-src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw=="><span class="cke_image_resizer" title="点击并拖拽以改变尺寸"></span></span></span></p>
<h3>二、获取临时素材</h3>
<p>临时素材主要分为三类（图片、音频，视频），图片和音频文件支持下载到本地，视频文件支持获取视频的URL地址</p>
<p>（1）获取临时图片</p>
<p><span class="cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_image cke_image_nocaption cke_widget_selected" data-cke-widget-wrapper="1" data-cke-filter="off" data-cke-display-name="图像" data-cke-widget-id="11"><img class="has cke_widget_element lazyload" alt="" width="1200" height="789" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200109135321729.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTM1MjEyMjA=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" data-cke-widget-data="{&quot;hasCaption&quot;:false,&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200109135321729.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTM1MjEyMjA=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70&quot;,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;1200&quot;,&quot;height&quot;:&quot;789&quot;,&quot;lock&quot;:true,&quot;align&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;classes&quot;:{&quot;has&quot;:1}}" data-cke-widget-upcasted="1" data-cke-widget-keep-attr="0" data-widget="image" data-src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200109135321729.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTM1MjEyMjA=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70"><span class="cke_reset cke_widget_drag_handler_container"><img class="cke_reset cke_widget_drag_handler lazyload" title="点击并拖拽以移动" alt="" width="15" height="15" data-cke-widget-drag-handler="1" data-src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw=="><span class="cke_image_resizer" title="点击并拖拽以改变尺寸"></span></span></span></p>
<p> </p>
<div class="cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_block cke_widget_codeSnippet cke_widget_wrapper_has cke_widget_selected" data-cke-widget-wrapper="1" data-cke-filter="off" data-cke-display-name="代码段" data-cke-widget-id="10">
<pre class="has cke_widget_element" data-cke-widget-data="{&quot;code&quot;:&quot;/**\n * 公众号可以使用本接口获取临时素材（即下载临时的多媒体文件）\n * 1、如果是图片，则下载图片\n */\n public ResponseEntity&lt;byte[]&gt; getImage(String mediaId){\n\n String accessToken = accessTokenUtil.getAccessToken();\n if(accessToken != null) {\n String url = URIConstant.MEDIA_GET_URL.replace(\&quot;ACCESS_TOKEN\&quot;, accessToken)\n .replace(\&quot;MEDIA_ID\&quot;, mediaId);\n log.info(\&quot;MEDIA_GET_URL:{}\&quot;, url);\n\n String fileName = mediaId+ \&quot;.jpg\&quot;;\n HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();\n try {\n fileName = new String(fileName.getBytes(\&quot;GBK\&quot;), \&quot;ISO-8859-1\&quot;);\n } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {\n e.printStackTrace();\n }\n headers.setContentDispositionFormData(\&quot;attachment\&quot;, fileName);// 文件名称\n ResponseEntity&lt;byte[]&gt; responseEntity = restTemplate.exchange(url, HttpMethod.GET, new HttpEntity&lt;&gt;(headers), byte[].class);\n return responseEntity;\n }\n return null;\n }&quot;,&quot;classes&quot;:{&quot;has&quot;:1}}" data-cke-widget-upcasted="1" data-cke-widget-keep-attr="0" data-widget="codeSnippet"><code class="hljs">/**
* 公众号可以使用本接口获取临时素材（即下载临时的多媒体文件）
* 1、如果是图片，则下载图片
*/
public ResponseEntity<byte[]> getImage(String mediaId){
String accessToken = accessTokenUtil.getAccessToken();
if(accessToken != null) {
String url = URIConstant.MEDIA_GET_URL.replace("ACCESS_TOKEN", accessToken)
.replace("MEDIA_ID", mediaId);
log.info("MEDIA_GET_URL:{}", url);
String fileName = mediaId+ ".jpg";
HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
try {
fileName = new String(fileName.getBytes("GBK"), "ISO-8859-1");
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
headers.setContentDispositionFormData("attachment", fileName);// 文件名称
ResponseEntity<byte[]> responseEntity = restTemplate.exchange(url, HttpMethod.GET, new HttpEntity<>(headers), byte[].class);
return responseEntity;
}
return null;
}</code></pre>
<span class="cke_reset cke_widget_drag_handler_container"><img class="cke_reset cke_widget_drag_handler lazyload" title="点击并拖拽以移动" alt="" width="15" height="15" data-cke-widget-drag-handler="1" data-src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw=="></span></div>
<p>（2）获取临时音频</p>
<div class="cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_block cke_widget_codeSnippet cke_widget_wrapper_has cke_widget_selected" data-cke-widget-wrapper="1" data-cke-filter="off" data-cke-display-name="代码段" data-cke-widget-id="9">
<pre class="has cke_widget_element" data-cke-widget-data="{&quot;code&quot;:&quot;/**\n * 公众号可以使用本接口获取临时素材（即下载临时的多媒体文件）\n * 1、如果是声音，则下载声音\n */\n public ResponseEntity&lt;byte[]&gt; getVoice(String mediaId){\n\n String accessToken = accessTokenUtil.getAccessToken();\n if(accessToken != null) {\n String url = URIConstant.MEDIA_GET_URL.replace(\&quot;ACCESS_TOKEN\&quot;, accessToken)\n .replace(\&quot;MEDIA_ID\&quot;, mediaId);\n log.info(\&quot;MEDIA_GET_URL:{}\&quot;, url);\n\n String fileName = mediaId+ \&quot;.speex\&quot;;\n HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();\n try {\n fileName = new String(fileName.getBytes(\&quot;GBK\&quot;), \&quot;ISO-8859-1\&quot;);\n } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {\n e.printStackTrace();\n }\n headers.setContentDispositionFormData(\&quot;attachment\&quot;, fileName);// 文件名称\n ResponseEntity&lt;byte[]&gt; responseEntity = restTemplate.exchange(url, HttpMethod.GET, new HttpEntity&lt;&gt;(headers), byte[].class);\n return responseEntity;\n }\n return null;\n }&quot;,&quot;classes&quot;:{&quot;has&quot;:1}}" data-cke-widget-upcasted="1" data-cke-widget-keep-attr="0" data-widget="codeSnippet"><code class="hljs">/**
* 公众号可以使用本接口获取临时素材（即下载临时的多媒体文件）
* 1、如果是声音，则下载声音
*/
public ResponseEntity<byte[]> getVoice(String mediaId){
String accessToken = accessTokenUtil.getAccessToken();
if(accessToken != null) {
String url = URIConstant.MEDIA_GET_URL.replace("ACCESS_TOKEN", accessToken)
.replace("MEDIA_ID", mediaId);
log.info("MEDIA_GET_URL:{}", url);
String fileName = mediaId+ ".speex";
HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
try {
fileName = new String(fileName.getBytes("GBK"), "ISO-8859-1");
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
headers.setContentDispositionFormData("attachment", fileName);// 文件名称
ResponseEntity<byte[]> responseEntity = restTemplate.exchange(url, HttpMethod.GET, new HttpEntity<>(headers), byte[].class);
return responseEntity;
}
return null;
}</code></pre>
<span class="cke_reset cke_widget_drag_handler_container"><img class="cke_reset cke_widget_drag_handler lazyload" title="点击并拖拽以移动" alt="" width="15" height="15" data-cke-widget-drag-handler="1" data-src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw=="></span></div>
<p> （3）获取视频素材地址</p>
<div class="cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_block cke_widget_codeSnippet cke_widget_wrapper_has cke_widget_selected" data-cke-widget-wrapper="1" data-cke-filter="off" data-cke-display-name="代码段" data-cke-widget-id="8">
<pre class="has cke_widget_element" data-cke-widget-data="{&quot;code&quot;:&quot;/**\n * 公众号可以使用本接口获取临时素材（即下载临时的多媒体文件）\n * 2、如果是视频，则返回视频的地址\n */\n public String getVedio(String mediaId){\n\n String accessToken = accessTokenUtil.getAccessToken();\n if(accessToken != null) {\n String url = URIConstant.MEDIA_GET_URL.replace(\&quot;ACCESS_TOKEN\&quot;, accessToken)\n .replace(\&quot;MEDIA_ID\&quot;, mediaId);\n log.info(\&quot;MEDIA_GET_URL:{}\&quot;, url);\n\n String responseString = restTemplate.getForObject(url,String.class);\n return responseString;\n }\n return null;\n }&quot;,&quot;classes&quot;:{&quot;has&quot;:1}}" data-cke-widget-upcasted="1" data-cke-widget-keep-attr="0" data-widget="codeSnippet"><code class="hljs">/**
* 公众号可以使用本接口获取临时素材（即下载临时的多媒体文件）
* 2、如果是视频，则返回视频的地址
*/
public String getVedio(String mediaId){
String accessToken = accessTokenUtil.getAccessToken();
if(accessToken != null) {
String url = URIConstant.MEDIA_GET_URL.replace("ACCESS_TOKEN", accessToken)
.replace("MEDIA_ID", mediaId);
log.info("MEDIA_GET_URL:{}", url);
String responseString = restTemplate.getForObject(url,String.class);
return responseString;
}
return null;
}</code></pre>
<span class="cke_reset cke_widget_drag_handler_container"><img class="cke_reset cke_widget_drag_handler lazyload" title="点击并拖拽以移动" alt="" width="15" height="15" data-cke-widget-drag-handler="1" data-src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw=="></span></div>
<h3> 三、测试</h3>
<p>这里我们仅以上传临时图片素材并下载临时图片素材为例，我们在我们的Controller中新增一个根据media_id获取临时图片类型素材的方法</p>
<p><span class="cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_image cke_image_nocaption cke_widget_selected" data-cke-widget-wrapper="1" data-cke-filter="off" data-cke-display-name="图像" data-cke-widget-id="7"><img class="has cke_widget_element lazyload" alt="" width="1200" height="532" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2020010914015252.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTM1MjEyMjA=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" data-cke-widget-data="{&quot;hasCaption&quot;:false,&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2020010914015252.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTM1MjEyMjA=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70&quot;,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;1200&quot;,&quot;height&quot;:&quot;532&quot;,&quot;lock&quot;:true,&quot;align&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;classes&quot;:{&quot;has&quot;:1}}" data-cke-widget-upcasted="1" data-cke-widget-keep-attr="0" data-widget="image" data-src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2020010914015252.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTM1MjEyMjA=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70"><span class="cke_reset cke_widget_drag_handler_container"><img class="cke_reset cke_widget_drag_handler lazyload" title="点击并拖拽以移动" alt="" width="15" height="15" data-cke-widget-drag-handler="1" data-src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw=="><span class="cke_image_resizer" title="点击并拖拽以改变尺寸"></span></span></span></p>
<p>我们把我们刚才上传临时素材成功返回的media_id传给我们的方法</p>
<p><span class="cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_image cke_image_nocaption cke_widget_selected" data-cke-widget-wrapper="1" data-cke-filter="off" data-cke-display-name="图像" data-cke-widget-id="6"><img class="has cke_widget_element lazyload" alt="" width="1200" height="645" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200109140238546.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTM1MjEyMjA=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" data-cke-widget-data="{&quot;hasCaption&quot;:false,&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200109140238546.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTM1MjEyMjA=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70&quot;,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;1200&quot;,&quot;height&quot;:&quot;645&quot;,&quot;lock&quot;:true,&quot;align&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;classes&quot;:{&quot;has&quot;:1}}" data-cke-widget-upcasted="1" data-cke-widget-keep-attr="0" data-widget="image" data-src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200109140238546.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTM1MjEyMjA=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70"><span class="cke_reset cke_widget_drag_handler_container"><img class="cke_reset cke_widget_drag_handler lazyload" title="点击并拖拽以移动" alt="" width="15" height="15" data-cke-widget-drag-handler="1" data-src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw=="><span class="cke_image_resizer" title="点击并拖拽以改变尺寸"></span></span></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p>可以看到我们的swagger返回带有Download file的超级链接，点击即可下载我们的图片，当然我们可以直接在浏览器直接输入我们的完整请求地址</p>
<div class="cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_block cke_widget_codeSnippet cke_widget_wrapper_has cke_widget_selected" data-cke-widget-wrapper="1" data-cke-filter="off" data-cke-display-name="代码段" data-cke-widget-id="5">
<pre class="cke_widget_element has" data-cke-widget-data="{&quot;lang&quot;:&quot;html&quot;,&quot;code&quot;:&quot;http://localhost/material/getFile?mediaId=C3Vd7uR-MKY5bOkyT5hWGaS-icl3av7GahjM9E9Hx9i8nonxg4PNtE-s7TbYSseV&quot;,&quot;classes&quot;:[]}" data-cke-widget-upcasted="1" data-cke-widget-keep-attr="0" data-widget="codeSnippet"><code class="language-html hljs">http://localhost/material/getFile?mediaId=C3Vd7uR-MKY5bOkyT5hWGaS-icl3av7GahjM9E9Hx9i8nonxg4PNtE-s7TbYSseV</code></pre>
<span class="cke_reset cke_widget_drag_handler_container"><img class="cke_reset cke_widget_drag_handler lazyload" title="点击并拖拽以移动" alt="" width="15" height="15" data-cke-widget-drag-handler="1" data-src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw=="></span></div>
<p><span class="cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_image cke_image_nocaption cke_widget_selected" data-cke-widget-wrapper="1" data-cke-filter="off" data-cke-display-name="图像" data-cke-widget-id="4"><img class="has cke_widget_element lazyload" alt="" width="1200" height="767" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200109140453175.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTM1MjEyMjA=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" data-cke-widget-data="{&quot;hasCaption&quot;:false,&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200109140453175.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTM1MjEyMjA=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70&quot;,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;1200&quot;,&quot;height&quot;:&quot;767&quot;,&quot;lock&quot;:true,&quot;align&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;classes&quot;:{&quot;has&quot;:1}}" data-cke-widget-upcasted="1" data-cke-widget-keep-attr="0" data-widget="image" data-src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200109140453175.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTM1MjEyMjA=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70"><span class="cke_reset cke_widget_drag_handler_container"><img class="cke_reset cke_widget_drag_handler lazyload" title="点击并拖拽以移动" alt="" width="15" height="15" data-cke-widget-drag-handler="1" data-src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw=="><span class="cke_image_resizer" title="点击并拖拽以改变尺寸"></span></span></span></p>
<p>点击这个Download File，我们成功的下载到这个上传的临时图片</p>
<p><span class="cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_image cke_image_nocaption cke_widget_selected" data-cke-widget-wrapper="1" data-cke-filter="off" data-cke-display-name="图像" data-cke-widget-id="3"><img class="has cke_widget_element lazyload" alt="" width="1200" height="785" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200109140551121.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTM1MjEyMjA=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" data-cke-widget-data="{&quot;hasCaption&quot;:false,&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200109140551121.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTM1MjEyMjA=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70&quot;,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;1200&quot;,&quot;height&quot;:&quot;785&quot;,&quot;lock&quot;:true,&quot;align&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;classes&quot;:{&quot;has&quot;:1}}" data-cke-widget-upcasted="1" data-cke-widget-keep-attr="0" data-widget="image" data-src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200109140551121.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTM1MjEyMjA=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70"><span class="cke_reset cke_widget_drag_handler_container"><img class="cke_reset cke_widget_drag_handler lazyload" title="点击并拖拽以移动" alt="" width="15" height="15" data-cke-widget-drag-handler="1" data-src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw=="><span class="cke_image_resizer" title="点击并拖拽以改变尺寸"> 试着打开这个文件，我们可以看到，这个确实是我们上传的图片</span></span></span></p>
<p><span class="cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_inline cke_widget_image cke_image_nocaption cke_widget_selected" data-cke-widget-wrapper="1" data-cke-filter="off" data-cke-display-name="图像" data-cke-widget-id="2"><img class="has cke_widget_element lazyload" alt="" width="1200" height="1009" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200109140635851.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTM1MjEyMjA=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" data-cke-widget-data="{&quot;hasCaption&quot;:false,&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200109140635851.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTM1MjEyMjA=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70&quot;,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;1200&quot;,&quot;height&quot;:&quot;1009&quot;,&quot;lock&quot;:true,&quot;align&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;classes&quot;:{&quot;has&quot;:1}}" data-cke-widget-upcasted="1" data-cke-widget-keep-attr="0" data-widget="image" data-src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200109140635851.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTM1MjEyMjA=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70"><span class="cke_reset cke_widget_drag_handler_container"><img class="cke_reset cke_widget_drag_handler lazyload" title="点击并拖拽以移动" alt="" width="15" height="15" data-cke-widget-drag-handler="1" data-src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw=="><span class="cke_image_resizer" title="点击并拖拽以改变尺寸"></span></span></span></p>
<p> 这里贴出完整的代码，自行修改以获得其他类型的临时文件，不做赘述</p>
<div class="cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_block cke_widget_codeSnippet cke_widget_wrapper_has cke_widget_selected" data-cke-widget-wrapper="1" data-cke-filter="off" data-cke-display-name="代码段" data-cke-widget-id="1">
<pre class="cke_widget_element has" data-cke-widget-data="{&quot;lang&quot;:&quot;html&quot;,&quot;code&quot;:&quot;UploadUtil.java&quot;,&quot;classes&quot;:[]}" data-cke-widget-upcasted="1" data-cke-widget-keep-attr="0" data-widget="codeSnippet"><code class="language-html hljs">UploadUtil.java</code></pre>
<span class="cke_reset cke_widget_drag_handler_container"><img class="cke_reset cke_widget_drag_handler lazyload" title="点击并拖拽以移动" alt="" width="15" height="15" data-cke-widget-drag-handler="1" data-src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw=="></span></div>
<div class="cke_widget_wrapper cke_widget_block cke_widget_codeSnippet cke_widget_wrapper_has cke_widget_selected" data-cke-widget-wrapper="1" data-cke-filter="off" data-cke-display-name="代码段" data-cke-widget-id="0">
<pre class="cke_widget_element has" data-cke-widget-data="{&quot;lang&quot;:&quot;html&quot;,&quot;code&quot;:&quot;package com.xu.wemall.components.weixin;\n\nimport com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;\nimport com.xu.wemall.commons.constants.URIConstant;\nimport lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;\nimport org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;\nimport org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;\nimport org.springframework.http.*;\nimport org.springframework.stereotype.Component;\nimport org.springframework.util.LinkedMultiValueMap;\nimport org.springframework.util.MultiValueMap;\nimport org.springframework.util.StringUtils;\nimport org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;\n\nimport java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;\n\n/**\n * 功能：临时素材工具类\n */\n@Slf4j\n@Component\npublic class UploadUtil {\n\n @Autowired\n private RestTemplate restTemplate;\n\n @Autowired\n private AccessTokenUtil accessTokenUtil;\n\n /**\n * 上传临时素菜\n * 1、临时素材media_id是可复用的。\n * 2、媒体文件在微信后台保存时间为3天，即3天后media_id失效。\n * 3、上传临时素材的格式、大小限制与公众平台官网一致。\n * @param filePath\n * @param type\n * @return\n */\n public String uploadFile(String filePath,String type) {\n\n String accessToken = accessTokenUtil.getAccessToken();\n if (accessToken != null) {\n String url = URIConstant.MEDIA_UPLOAD_URL.replace(\&quot;ACCESS_TOKEN\&quot;, accessToken)\n .replace(\&quot;TYPE\&quot;, type);\n log.info(\&quot;MEDIA_UPLOAD_URL:{}\&quot;,url);\n\n //设置请求体，注意是LinkedMultiValueMap\n MultiValueMap&lt;String, Object&gt; form = new LinkedMultiValueMap&lt;&gt;();\n FileSystemResource fileSystemResource = new FileSystemResource(filePath);\n form.add(\&quot;media\&quot;, fileSystemResource);\n\n //设置请求头\n HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();\n headers.setContentType(MediaType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA);\n\n //用HttpEntity封装整个请求报文\n HttpEntity&lt;MultiValueMap&lt;String, Object&gt;&gt; data = new HttpEntity&lt;&gt;(form, headers);\n try{\n //这里RestTemplate请求返回的字符串直接转换成JSONObject会报异常,后续深入找一下原因\n String resultString = restTemplate.postForObject(url, data, String.class);\n log.info(\&quot;上传返回的信息是：{}\&quot;,resultString);\n if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(resultString)){\n JSONObject jsonObject = JSONObject.parseObject(resultString);\n return jsonObject.getString(\&quot;media_id\&quot;);\n }\n }catch (Exception e){\n log.error(e.getMessage());\n }\n\n }\n return null;\n }\n\n /**\n * 公众号可以使用本接口获取临时素材（即下载临时的多媒体文件）\n * 1、如果是图片，则下载图片\n */\n public ResponseEntity&lt;byte[]&gt; getImage(String mediaId){\n\n String accessToken = accessTokenUtil.getAccessToken();\n if(accessToken != null) {\n String url = URIConstant.MEDIA_GET_URL.replace(\&quot;ACCESS_TOKEN\&quot;, accessToken)\n .replace(\&quot;MEDIA_ID\&quot;, mediaId);\n log.info(\&quot;MEDIA_GET_URL:{}\&quot;, url);\n\n String fileName = mediaId+ \&quot;.jpg\&quot;;\n HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();\n try {\n fileName = new String(fileName.getBytes(\&quot;GBK\&quot;), \&quot;ISO-8859-1\&quot;);\n } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {\n e.printStackTrace();\n }\n headers.setContentDispositionFormData(\&quot;attachment\&quot;, fileName);// 文件名称\n ResponseEntity&lt;byte[]&gt; responseEntity = restTemplate.exchange(url, HttpMethod.GET, new HttpEntity&lt;&gt;(headers), byte[].class);\n return responseEntity;\n }\n return null;\n }\n\n /**\n * 公众号可以使用本接口获取临时素材（即下载临时的多媒体文件）\n * 1、如果是声音，则下载声音\n */\n public ResponseEntity&lt;byte[]&gt; getVoice(String mediaId){\n\n String accessToken = accessTokenUtil.getAccessToken();\n if(accessToken != null) {\n String url = URIConstant.MEDIA_GET_URL.replace(\&quot;ACCESS_TOKEN\&quot;, accessToken)\n .replace(\&quot;MEDIA_ID\&quot;, mediaId);\n log.info(\&quot;MEDIA_GET_URL:{}\&quot;, url);\n\n String fileName = mediaId+ \&quot;.speex\&quot;;\n HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();\n try {\n fileName = new String(fileName.getBytes(\&quot;GBK\&quot;), \&quot;ISO-8859-1\&quot;);\n } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {\n e.printStackTrace();\n }\n headers.setContentDispositionFormData(\&quot;attachment\&quot;, fileName);// 文件名称\n ResponseEntity&lt;byte[]&gt; responseEntity = restTemplate.exchange(url, HttpMethod.GET, new HttpEntity&lt;&gt;(headers), byte[].class);\n return responseEntity;\n }\n return null;\n }\n\n /**\n * 公众号可以使用本接口获取临时素材（即下载临时的多媒体文件）\n * 2、如果是视频，则返回视频的地址\n */\n public String getVedio(String mediaId){\n\n String accessToken = accessTokenUtil.getAccessToken();\n if(accessToken != null) {\n String url = URIConstant.MEDIA_GET_URL.replace(\&quot;ACCESS_TOKEN\&quot;, accessToken)\n .replace(\&quot;MEDIA_ID\&quot;, mediaId);\n log.info(\&quot;MEDIA_GET_URL:{}\&quot;, url);\n\n String responseString = restTemplate.getForObject(url,String.class);\n return responseString;\n }\n return null;\n }\n\n\n\n}\n\n\n&quot;,&quot;classes&quot;:[]}" data-cke-widget-upcasted="1" data-cke-widget-keep-attr="0" data-widget="codeSnippet"><code class="language-html hljs">package com.xu.wemall.components.weixin;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.xu.wemall.commons.constants.URIConstant;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;
import org.springframework.http.*;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.LinkedMultiValueMap;
import org.springframework.util.MultiValueMap;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
/**
* 功能：临时素材工具类
*/
@Slf4j
@Component
public class UploadUtil {
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@Autowired
private AccessTokenUtil accessTokenUtil;
/**
* 上传临时素菜
* 1、临时素材media_id是可复用的。
* 2、媒体文件在微信后台保存时间为3天，即3天后media_id失效。
* 3、上传临时素材的格式、大小限制与公众平台官网一致。
* @param filePath
* @param type
* @return
*/
public String uploadFile(String filePath,String type) {
String accessToken = accessTokenUtil.getAccessToken();
if (accessToken != null) {
String url = URIConstant.MEDIA_UPLOAD_URL.replace("ACCESS_TOKEN", accessToken)
.replace("TYPE", type);
log.info("MEDIA_UPLOAD_URL:{}",url);
//设置请求体，注意是LinkedMultiValueMap
MultiValueMap<String, Object> form = new LinkedMultiValueMap<>();
FileSystemResource fileSystemResource = new FileSystemResource(filePath);
form.add("media", fileSystemResource);
//设置请求头
HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
headers.setContentType(MediaType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA);
//用HttpEntity封装整个请求报文
HttpEntity<MultiValueMap<String, Object>> data = new HttpEntity<>(form, headers);
try{
//这里RestTemplate请求返回的字符串直接转换成JSONObject会报异常,后续深入找一下原因
String resultString = restTemplate.postForObject(url, data, String.class);
log.info("上传返回的信息是：{}",resultString);
if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(resultString)){
JSONObject jsonObject = JSONObject.parseObject(resultString);
return jsonObject.getString("media_id");
}
}catch (Exception e){
log.error(e.getMessage());
}
}
return null;
}
/**
* 公众号可以使用本接口获取临时素材（即下载临时的多媒体文件）
* 1、如果是图片，则下载图片
*/
public ResponseEntity<byte[]> getImage(String mediaId){
String accessToken = accessTokenUtil.getAccessToken();
if(accessToken != null) {
String url = URIConstant.MEDIA_GET_URL.replace("ACCESS_TOKEN", accessToken)
.replace("MEDIA_ID", mediaId);
log.info("MEDIA_GET_URL:{}", url);
String fileName = mediaId+ ".jpg";
HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
try {
fileName = new String(fileName.getBytes("GBK"), "ISO-8859-1");
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
headers.setContentDispositionFormData("attachment", fileName);// 文件名称
ResponseEntity<byte[]> responseEntity = restTemplate.exchange(url, HttpMethod.GET, new HttpEntity<>(headers), byte[].class);
return responseEntity;
}
return null;
}
/**
* 公众号可以使用本接口获取临时素材（即下载临时的多媒体文件）
* 1、如果是声音，则下载声音
*/
public ResponseEntity<byte[]> getVoice(String mediaId){
String accessToken = accessTokenUtil.getAccessToken();
if(accessToken != null) {
String url = URIConstant.MEDIA_GET_URL.replace("ACCESS_TOKEN", accessToken)
.replace("MEDIA_ID", mediaId);
log.info("MEDIA_GET_URL:{}", url);
String fileName = mediaId+ ".speex";
HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
try {
fileName = new String(fileName.getBytes("GBK"), "ISO-8859-1");
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
headers.setContentDispositionFormData("attachment", fileName);// 文件名称
ResponseEntity<byte[]> responseEntity = restTemplate.exchange(url, HttpMethod.GET, new HttpEntity<>(headers), byte[].class);
return responseEntity;
}
return null;
}
/**
* 公众号可以使用本接口获取临时素材（即下载临时的多媒体文件）
* 2、如果是视频，则返回视频的地址
*/
public String getVedio(String mediaId){
String accessToken = accessTokenUtil.getAccessToken();
if(accessToken != null) {
String url = URIConstant.MEDIA_GET_URL.replace("ACCESS_TOKEN", accessToken)
.replace("MEDIA_ID", mediaId);
log.info("MEDIA_GET_URL:{}", url);
String responseString = restTemplate.getForObject(url,String.class);
return responseString;
}
return null;
}
}
</code></pre>
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<p>谢谢各位，我们下回继续再说！</p>
<h3>如果您觉得此文有帮助，可以小小打赏一下，持续更新更有动力哟！</h3>
<p><img alt="" width="218" height="274" data-src="https://img2020.cnblogs.com/blog/1501920/202004/1501920-20200402133129576-79870337.png"><img src="https://img2020.cnblogs.com/blog/1501920/202004/1501920-20200402133221455-2112921293.png"></p><br><br>
来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/xulijun137/p/12213629.html
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