微信公众号开发-.net core接入 - Powered by Discuz! Archiver

洒脱看繁华 發表於 2019-11-4 15:19:00

微信公众号开发--.net core接入

.net进行微信公众号开发的例子好像比较少，这里做个笔记
　　首先，我们需要让微信能访问到我们的项目，所以要么需要有一个可以部署项目的连接到公网下的服务器，要么可以通过端口转发将请求转发到我们的项目，总之，就是要让微信服务器能访问到我们的项目。
　　另外，需要注意一下，微信回调通知的地址目前只支持80端口和443端口，所以一般的，我们都需要做个虚拟路径
　　其他的就不多说了，具体配置可以在微信公众号的开发文档中接入：https://developers.weixin.qq.com/doc/offiaccount/Basic_Information/Access_Overview.html
　　接入过程中会遇到很多坑，什么Url超时，Token验证错误等等，反正就是一些触不及防，当我们接入开发完后，发现我们使用的是明文传送，那当然就不行了，改成密文又要使用AES加密，反正接入不知道遇到多少坑
　　下面贴出我接入的代码，复制一下，稍稍修改就可以用了，可直接验证接入，支持明文密文传输：
　　一个加密解密辅助类：　　
<div class="cnblogs_code"><img id="code_img_closed_e2a701fa-5e57-4fc1-a928-c208f9087f0e" class="code_img_closed" src="https://images.cnblogs.com/OutliningIndicators/ContractedBlock.gif" alt=""><img id="code_img_opened_e2a701fa-5e57-4fc1-a928-c208f9087f0e" class="code_img_opened" style="display: none" src="https://images.cnblogs.com/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif" alt="">
<div id="cnblogs_code_open_e2a701fa-5e57-4fc1-a928-c208f9087f0e" class="cnblogs_code_hide">
<pre>using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Xml;

namespace DemoApi
{
public sealed class EncryptHelper
{
 private EncryptHelper() { }

 /// <summary>
 /// Md5加密
 /// </summary>
 /// <param name="text"></param>
 /// <returns></returns>
 public static string Md5Encrypt(string text)
 {
 //MD5加密
 var md5 = MD5.Create();
 var bs = md5.ComputeHash(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(text));
 var sb = new StringBuilder();
 foreach (byte b in bs)
 {
 sb.Append(b.ToString("x2"));
 }
 //所有字符转为大写
 return sb.ToString().ToUpper();
 }
 /// <summary>
 /// HMAC-SHA1加密算法
 /// </summary>
 /// <param name="str">加密字符串</param>
 /// <returns></returns>
 public static string Sha1Encrypt(string str)
 {
 var sha1 = SHA1.Create();
 var hash = sha1.ComputeHash(Encoding.Default.GetBytes(str));
 //return BitConverter.ToString(hash).Replace("-", "");
 string byte2String = null;
 for (int i = 0; i < hash.Length; i++)
 {
 byte2String += hash.ToString("x2");
 }
 return byte2String;
 }
 /// <summary>
 /// AES加密
 /// </summary>
 /// <param name="text">加密字符</param>
 /// <param name="encodingAESKey">加密的密码</param>
 /// <param name="appid">appId</param>
 /// <returns></returns>
 public static string AESEncrypt(string text, string encodingAESKey, string appid)
 {
 if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(text))
 {
 return text;
 }

 byte[] key;
 key = Convert.FromBase64String(encodingAESKey + "=");
 byte[] iv = new byte[16];
 Array.Copy(key, iv, 16);

 #region 生成随机值
 string codeSerial = "2,3,4,5,6,7,a,c,d,e,f,h,i,j,k,m,n,p,r,s,t,A,C,D,E,F,G,H,J,K,M,N,P,Q,R,S,U,V,W,X,Y,Z";
 string[] arr = codeSerial.Split(',');
 string code = "";
 int randValue = -1;
 Random rand = new Random(unchecked((int)DateTime.Now.Ticks));
 for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++)
 {
 randValue = rand.Next(0, arr.Length - 1);
 code += arr;
 }
 #endregion

 byte[] bRand = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(code);
 byte[] bAppid = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(appid);
 byte[] btmpMsg = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(text);

 int outval = 0, inval = btmpMsg.Length;
 for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
 outval = (outval << 8) + ((inval >> (i * 8)) & 255);

 byte[] bMsgLen = BitConverter.GetBytes(outval);
 byte[] bMsg = new byte;

 Array.Copy(bRand, bMsg, bRand.Length);
 Array.Copy(bMsgLen, 0, bMsg, bRand.Length, bMsgLen.Length);
 Array.Copy(btmpMsg, 0, bMsg, bRand.Length + bMsgLen.Length, btmpMsg.Length);
 Array.Copy(bAppid, 0, bMsg, bRand.Length + bMsgLen.Length + btmpMsg.Length, bAppid.Length);

 var aes = new RijndaelManaged();
 //秘钥的大小，以位为单位
 aes.KeySize = 256;
 //支持的块大小
 aes.BlockSize = 128;
 //填充模式
 //aes.Padding = PaddingMode.PKCS7;
 aes.Padding = PaddingMode.None;
 aes.Mode = CipherMode.CBC;
 aes.Key = key;
 aes.IV = iv;
 var encrypt = aes.CreateEncryptor(aes.Key, aes.IV);
 byte[] xBuff = null;
 byte[] msg = new byte;
 Array.Copy(bMsg, msg, bMsg.Length);

 #region 自己进行PKCS7补位，用系统自己带的不行，微信加密要使用这个
 int block_size = 32;
 // 计算需要填充的位数
 int amount_to_pad = block_size - (bMsg.Length % block_size);
 if (amount_to_pad == 0)
 {
 amount_to_pad = block_size;
 }
 // 获得补位所用的字符
 char pad_chr = (char)(byte)(amount_to_pad & 0xFF);
 string tmp = "";
 for (int index = 0; index < amount_to_pad; index++)
 {
 tmp += pad_chr;
 }
 byte[] pad = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(tmp);

 Array.Copy(pad, 0, msg, bMsg.Length, pad.Length);

 using (var ms = new MemoryStream())
 {
 using (var cs = new CryptoStream(ms, encrypt, CryptoStreamMode.Write))
 {
 cs.Write(msg, 0, msg.Length);
 }
 xBuff = ms.ToArray();
 }
 #endregion

 #region 注释的也是一种方法，效果一样，微信加密不能使用这个！！！！
 //ICryptoTransform transform = aes.CreateEncryptor();
 //xBuff = transform.TransformFinalBlock(msg, 0, msg.Length);
 #endregion

 string output = Convert.ToBase64String(xBuff);
 return output;
 }
 /// <summary>
 /// AES解密
 /// </summary>
 /// <param name="encryptText">密文</param>
 /// <param name="encodingAESKey">秘钥</param>
 /// <param name="appid"></param>
 /// <returns></returns>
 public static string AESDecrypt(string encryptText, string encodingAESKey, out string appid)
 {
 if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(encryptText))
 {
 appid = "";
 return encryptText;
 }

 byte[] key;
 key = Convert.FromBase64String(encodingAESKey + "=");
 byte[] iv = new byte[16];
 Array.Copy(key, iv, 16);
 byte[] btmpMsg = null;

 RijndaelManaged aes = new RijndaelManaged();
 aes.KeySize = 256;
 aes.BlockSize = 128;
 aes.Mode = CipherMode.CBC;
 aes.Padding = PaddingMode.None;
 aes.Key = key;
 aes.IV = iv;
 var decrypt = aes.CreateDecryptor(aes.Key, aes.IV);
 using (var ms = new MemoryStream())
 {
 using (var cs = new CryptoStream(ms, decrypt, CryptoStreamMode.Write))
 {
 byte[] xXml = Convert.FromBase64String(encryptText);
 byte[] msg = new byte;
 Array.Copy(xXml, msg, xXml.Length);
 cs.Write(xXml, 0, xXml.Length);
 }
 var decrypted = ms.ToArray();
 int pad = (int)decrypted;
 if (pad < 1 || pad > 32)
 {
 pad = 0;
 }
 btmpMsg = new byte;
 Array.Copy(decrypted, 0, btmpMsg, 0, decrypted.Length - pad);
 }

 int len = BitConverter.ToInt32(btmpMsg, 16);
 len = IPAddress.NetworkToHostOrder(len);

 byte[] bMsg = new byte;
 byte[] bAppid = new byte;
 Array.Copy(btmpMsg, 20, bMsg, 0, len);
 Array.Copy(btmpMsg, 20 + len, bAppid, 0, btmpMsg.Length - 20 - len);
 string oriMsg = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bMsg);
 appid = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bAppid);
 return oriMsg;
 }
 /// <summary>
 /// AES解密
 /// </summary>
 /// <param name="encryptText">密文</param>
 /// <param name="encodingAESKey">秘钥</param>
 /// <param name="appid"></param>
 /// <returns></returns>
 public static string AESDecrypt(string encryptText, string encodingAESKey)
 {
 return AESDecrypt(encryptText, encodingAESKey, out _);
 }
}

public class CharSort : IComparer
{
 public int Compare(object left, object right)
 {
 string sLeft = left as string;
 string sRight = right as string;
 int leftLength = sLeft.Length;
 int rightLength = sRight.Length;
 int index = 0;
 while (index < leftLength && index < rightLength)
 {
 if (sLeft < sRight)
 return -1;
 else if (sLeft > sRight)
 return 1;
 else
 index++;
 }
 return leftLength - rightLength;
 }
}
}</pre>
</div>
EncryptHelper</div>
　　接入接口核心代码：　
<div class="cnblogs_code"><img id="code_img_closed_dda38908-8d3a-4a7f-91a0-d2f4b3633c6d" class="code_img_closed" src="https://images.cnblogs.com/OutliningIndicators/ContractedBlock.gif" alt=""><img id="code_img_opened_dda38908-8d3a-4a7f-91a0-d2f4b3633c6d" class="code_img_opened" style="display: none" src="https://images.cnblogs.com/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif" alt="">
<div id="cnblogs_code_open_dda38908-8d3a-4a7f-91a0-d2f4b3633c6d" class="cnblogs_code_hide">
<pre>using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Web;
using System.Xml.Linq;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;

namespace DemoApi.Controllers
{
")]

public class WxController : ControllerBase
{
 /// <summary>
 /// 生成签名
 /// </summary>
 /// <param name="args"></param>
 /// <returns></returns>

 private string MakeSign(params string[] args)
 {
 //字典排序
 Array.Sort(args);
 string tmpStr = string.Join("", args);
 //字符加密
 var sha1 = EncryptHelper.Sha1Encrypt(tmpStr);
 return sha1;
 }
 /// <summary>
 /// 生成消息签名
 /// </summary>
 /// <param name="args"></param>
 /// <returns></returns>

 private string MakeMsgSign(params string[] args)
 {
 //字典排序
 Array.Sort(args, new CharSort());
 string tmpStr = string.Join("", args);
 //字符加密
 var sha1 = EncryptHelper.Sha1Encrypt(tmpStr);
 return sha1;
 }
 /// <summary>
 /// 微信回调统一接口
 /// </summary>
 /// <returns></returns>

 public string Service()
 {
 //获取配置文件中的数据
 var token = "";
 var encodingAESKey = "";
 var appId = "";

 bool isGet = string.Equals(HttpContext.Request.Method, HttpMethod.Get.Method, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
 bool isPost = string.Equals(HttpContext.Request.Method, HttpMethod.Post.Method, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
 if (!isGet && !isPost)
 {
 return "";
 }

 bool isEncrypt = false;
 try
 {
 var query = HttpContext.Request.QueryString.ToString();
 string msg_signature = "", nonce = "", timestamp = "", encrypt_type = "", signature = "", echostr = "";

 if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(query))//需要验证签名
 {
 var collection = HttpUtility.ParseQueryString(query);
 msg_signature = collection["msg_signature"]?.Trim();
 nonce = collection["nonce"]?.Trim();
 timestamp = collection["timestamp"]?.Trim();
 encrypt_type = collection["encrypt_type"]?.Trim();
 signature = collection["signature"]?.Trim();
 echostr = collection["echostr"]?.Trim();

 if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(encrypt_type))//有使用加密
 {
 if (!string.Equals(encrypt_type, "aes", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))//只支持AES加密方式
 {
 return "";
 }
 isEncrypt = true;
 }
 }

 //先验证签名
 if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(signature))
 {
 //字符加密
 var sha1 = MakeSign(nonce, timestamp, token);
 if (!sha1.Equals(signature, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))//验证不通过
 {
 return "";
 }

 if (isGet)//是否Get请求，如果true,那么就认为是修改服务器回调配置信息
 {
 return echostr;
 }
 }
 else
 {
 return "";//没有签名，请求直接返回
 }

 var body = new StreamReader(HttpContext.Request.Body).ReadToEnd();

 if (isEncrypt)
 {
 XDocument doc = XDocument.Parse(body);
 var encrypt = doc.Element("xml").Element("Encrypt");

 //验证消息签名
 if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(msg_signature))
 {
 //消息加密
 var sha1 = MakeMsgSign(nonce, timestamp, encrypt.Value, token);
 if (!sha1.Equals(msg_signature, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))//验证不通过
 {
 return "";
 }
 }

 body = EncryptHelper.AESDecrypt(encrypt.Value, encodingAESKey);//解密
 }

 if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(body))
 {
 //
 //在这里根据body中的MsgType和Even来区分消息，然后来处理不同的业务逻辑
 //
 //

 //result是上面逻辑处理完成之后的待返回结果，如返回文本消息：
 var result = @"<xml>
 <ToUserName><!]></ToUserName>
 <FromUserName><!]></FromUserName>
 <CreateTime>12345678</CreateTime>
 <MsgType><!]></MsgType>
 <Content><!]></Content>
 </xml>";
 if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(result))
 {
 if (isEncrypt)
 {
 result = EncryptHelper.AESEncrypt(result, encodingAESKey, appId);
 var _msg_signature = MakeMsgSign(nonce, timestamp, result, token);
 result = $@"<xml>
 <Encrypt><!]></Encrypt>
 <MsgSignature>{_msg_signature}</MsgSignature>
 <TimeStamp>{timestamp}</TimeStamp>
 <Nonce>{nonce}</Nonce>
 </xml>";
 }
 return result;
 }

 //如果这里我们的处理逻辑需要花费较长时间，可以这里先返回空(""),然后使用异步去处理业务逻辑，
 //异步处理完后，调用微信的客服消息接口通知微信服务器
 }
 }
 catch (Exception ex)
 {
 //记录异常日志
 }

 return "";
 }

}
}</pre>
</div>
WxController</div>
　　如果只是接入，只需复制上面的接口代码，修改一下token,encodingAESKey,appId的值，然后使用接入的回调Url:http://XXX.XXXX.com/api/Wx就可以了
　　如果要处理微信通知过来的消息，可根据上面的接口自行处理业务逻辑，不过需要注意的是，微信回调接口只会等待5秒，5秒后断开，并重复3次，所以如果这里业务逻辑处理时间比较长的话，建议使用异步，在异步处理完之后，使用客服消息接口进行结果通知
　　另外开发过程中，可以使用微信公众平台接口调试工具进行调试：https://mp.weixin.qq.com/debug/cgi-bin/apiinfo?t=index
　　有一点注意一下，一般的，我们写接口时，为了保证接口返回的数据有一定格式，所以会写一些过滤器，对接口进行一个包装，比如我们会将结果包装成以下结构：　　
<div class="cnblogs_code">
<pre>{
"result": "success",
"success": true,
"error": null,
"message": ""
}</pre>
</div>
 　　但是这个微信调用的接口不能包装，要返回微信指定的格式才行，这个切记！！！否则会返回Token验证失败的错误！
 

</div>
<div id="MySignature" role="contentinfo">
 <div class="lightSignature">
 一个专注于.NetCore的技术小白
</div> 
来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/shanfeng1000/p/11792227.html

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微信公众号开发--.net core接入