C#微信公众号开发
<h2 id="c微信公众号开发">C#微信公众号开发</h2><h3 id="一-准备">一》 准备</h3>
<ul>
<li>
<p>【开发文档】</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>【微信公众号测试接口】</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>用自己的微信扫码登陆，然后就可以获取就有了appId 和 appsecret。<br>
<img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/5b54e5cdfdf346faa845c46b90952b5e.png" alt="" loading="lazy"></p>
<h3 id="二获取access_token">二》获取access_token</h3>
<p>打开 微信公众平台接口调试工具</p>
<p><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/aa5468e8d76a4451982d2608524e9ccc.png" alt="" loading="lazy"><br>
这个access_token是通过appID 和 appsecret来生成的，access_token 有效期为 <strong>两个小时</strong>（7200秒），一天可以获取2000次，只要是向微信服务器发送请求都需要带上这个access_token</p>
<pre><code class="language-csharp">/// <summary>
/// AccessToken帮助类
/// </summary>
public class AccessTokenHelp
{
//填写自己微信的秘钥
private static string appId = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["WeChatAppId"];
private static string appSecret = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["WeChatAppSecret"];
private static DateTime GetAccessToken_Time;
/// <summary>
/// 过期时间为7200秒
/// </summary>
private static int Expires_Period = 7200;
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
private static string mAccessToken;
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
public static string AccessToken
{
get
{
//如果为空，或者过期，需要重新获取
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(mAccessToken) || HasExpired())
{
//获取
mAccessToken = GetAccessToken(appId, appSecret);
}
return mAccessToken;
}
}
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
/// <param name="appId"></param>
/// <param name="appSecret"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private static string GetAccessToken(string appId, string appSecret)
{
string url = string.Format("https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid={0}&secret={1}", appId, appSecret);
string result = HttpUtility.GetData(url);
XDocument doc = CommonHelp.ParseJsonToXML(result, "root");
XElement root = doc.Root;
if (root != null)
{
XElement access_token = root.Element("access_token");
if (access_token != null)
{
GetAccessToken_Time = DateTime.Now;
if (root.Element("expires_in") != null)
{
Expires_Period = int.Parse(root.Element("expires_in").Value);
}
return access_token.Value;
}
else
{
GetAccessToken_Time = DateTime.MinValue;
}
}
return null;
}
/// <summary>
/// 判断Access_token是否过期
/// </summary>
/// <returns>bool</returns>
private static bool HasExpired()
{
if (GetAccessToken_Time != null)
{
//过期时间，允许有一定的误差，一分钟。获取时间消耗
if (DateTime.Now > GetAccessToken_Time.AddSeconds(Expires_Period).AddSeconds(-60))
{
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
</code></pre>
<p>通过<code>string access_token = Common.AccessTokenHelp.AccessToken;</code> 就可以获取accesstoken</p>
<h3 id="三创建菜单">三》创建菜单</h3>
<p>通过测试接口来处理<br>
<img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/eed2dd91747f4a6e9957c23c2bb072fa.png" alt="" loading="lazy"><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/f814b078e18a4aa1a32a657ba5775be8.png" alt="" loading="lazy"></p>
<pre><code class="language-csharp">{
"button": [
{
"name": "迷恋自留地",
"type": "view",
"url": "https://hunji.xyz"//点击菜单访问网址
},
{
"name": "防伪扫描",
"type": "scancode_push",
"key": "FangweiScan" //点击调用微信二维码扫描，是网址直接访问，是文本则显示文本内容
},
{
"name": "订单查询",
"type": "click",
"key": "OrderQuery" //点击出发click事件，向我们配置的API地址进行请求
}
]
}
</code></pre>
<p>扫码关注公众号就ok，更多的按钮参考：微信开发文档<br>
<img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/f9640d29f59845bc981d198a75c4ca21.png" alt="" loading="lazy"><br>
请求成功后，取消微信号关注并退出微信，重新进入关注，应该就可以看到添加好的文档了。</p>
<p>想删除重新创建菜单，调用菜单删除就可以了。</p>
<p><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/92770aad11974886bf5302ce680e943f.png" alt="" loading="lazy"></p>
<h3 id="四开发接口处理文本和事件">四》开发接口、处理文本和事件</h3>
<p>当用户使用微信发送消息或者单击菜单出发事件，就会向配置的API发送请求，API进行处理响应 :消息回复参考文档</p>
<p>c#一般多半是一般处理程序，目前是net6都已经出来了，处理方式大差不差，但还是有些不一样的地方。net5 具体的代码实现请查阅下篇文章,在这里先埋个坑</p>
<pre><code class="language-csharp">using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Web;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Xml;
namespace weixin_api
{
/// <summary>
/// interfaceTest 的摘要说明
/// </summary>
public class interfaceTest : IHttpHandler
{
public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext param_context)
{
string postString = string.Empty;
//用户发送消息或点击等事件一般都是POST过来，微信服务器向接口发送POST请求，根据请求我们进行处理反馈
if (HttpContext.Current.Request.HttpMethod.ToUpper() == "POST")
{
using (Stream stream = HttpContext.Current.Request.InputStream)
{
Byte[] postBytes = new Byte;
stream.Read(postBytes, 0, (Int32)stream.Length);
postString = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(postBytes);
Handle(postString);
}
}
else
{
//第一次配置接口地址的时候，微信服务器会向接口发送一个GET请求来验证你的接口地址
InterfaceTest();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 处理信息并应答
/// </summary>
private void Handle(string postStr)
{
messageHelp help = new messageHelp();
string responseContent = help.ReturnMessage(postStr);
HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentEncoding = Encoding.UTF8;
HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(responseContent);
}
//成为开发者url测试，返回echoStr
public void InterfaceTest()
{
string token = "token";
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(token))
{
return;
}
//微信服务器会将下面几个参数发送到接口，接口这边返回接收到的echoStr就说明验证通过，
//主要为了防止别人盗用你的接口，我这边没做逻辑判断直接返回接收到的echoStr来通过验证
string echoString = HttpContext.Current.Request.QueryString["echoStr"];
string signature = HttpContext.Current.Request.QueryString["signature"];
string timestamp = HttpContext.Current.Request.QueryString["timestamp"];
string nonce = HttpContext.Current.Request.QueryString["nonce"];
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(echoString))
{
HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(echoString);
HttpContext.Current.Response.End();
}
}
public bool IsReusable
{
get
{
return false;
}
}
}
}
</code></pre>
<p>接受/发送消息帮助类</p>
<pre><code class="language-csharp">using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Web;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Xml;
namespace weixin_api
{
/// <summary>
/// 接受/发送消息帮助类
/// </summary>
public class messageHelp
{
//返回消息
public string ReturnMessage(string postStr)
{
string responseContent = "";
XmlDocument xmldoc = new XmlDocument();
xmldoc.Load(new System.IO.MemoryStream(System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312").GetBytes(postStr)));
XmlNode MsgType = xmldoc.SelectSingleNode("/xml/MsgType");
if (MsgType != null)
{
switch (MsgType.InnerText)
{
case "event":
responseContent = EventHandle(xmldoc);//事件处理
break;
case "text":
responseContent = TextHandle(xmldoc);//接受文本消息处理
break;
default:
break;
}
}
return responseContent;
}
//事件
public string EventHandle(XmlDocument xmldoc)
{
string responseContent = "";
XmlNode Event = xmldoc.SelectSingleNode("/xml/Event");
XmlNode EventKey = xmldoc.SelectSingleNode("/xml/EventKey");
XmlNode ToUserName = xmldoc.SelectSingleNode("/xml/ToUserName");
XmlNode FromUserName = xmldoc.SelectSingleNode("/xml/FromUserName");
XmlNode ScanResult = xmldoc.SelectSingleNode("/xml/ScanCodeInfo/ScanResult");
if (Event != null)
{
//菜单单击事件
if (Event.InnerText.Equals("CLICK"))
{
if (EventKey.InnerText.Equals("OrderQuery"))//点击订单查询这个OrderQuery就是菜单里面的key
{
responseContent = string.Format(ReplyType.Message_Text,
FromUserName.InnerText,
ToUserName.InnerText,
DateTime.Now.Ticks,
"正在开发中，敬请期待！");
}
}
else if (Event.InnerText.Equals("scancode_waitmsg")) //扫码推事件且弹出“消息接收中”提示框的事件推送
{
if (EventKey.InnerText.Equals("FangweiScan")) //点击防伪扫描
{
//....处理返回逻辑
}
}
}
return responseContent;
}
//接受文本消息
public string TextHandle(XmlDocument xmldoc)
{
string responseContent = "";
XmlNode ToUserName = xmldoc.SelectSingleNode("/xml/ToUserName");
XmlNode FromUserName = xmldoc.SelectSingleNode("/xml/FromUserName");
XmlNode Content = xmldoc.SelectSingleNode("/xml/Content");
if (Content != null)
{
//回复文本信息
responseContent = string.Format(ReplyType.Message_Text,
FromUserName.InnerText,
ToUserName.InnerText,
DateTime.Now.Ticks,
"欢迎使用微信公共账号，您输入的内容为：" + Content.InnerText);
}
return responseContent;
}
//写入日志
public void WriteLog(string text)
{
StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath(".") + "\\log.txt", true);
sw.WriteLine(text);
sw.Close();
}
}
//回复类型
public class ReplyType
{
/// <summary>
/// 普通文本消息
/// </summary>
public static string Message_Text
{
get
{
return @"<xml>
<ToUserName><!]></ToUserName>
<FromUserName><!]></FromUserName>
<CreateTime>{2}</CreateTime>
<MsgType><!]></MsgType>
<Content><!]></Content>
</xml>";
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 图文消息主体
/// </summary>
public static string Message_News_Main
{
get
{
return @"<xml>
<ToUserName><!]></ToUserName>
<FromUserName><!]></FromUserName>
<CreateTime>{2}</CreateTime>
<MsgType><!]></MsgType>
<ArticleCount>{3}</ArticleCount>
<Articles>
{4}
</Articles>
</xml> ";
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 图文消息项
/// </summary>
public static string Message_News_Item
{
get
{
return @"<item>
<Title><!]></Title>
<Description><!]></Description>
<PicUrl><!]></PicUrl>
<Url><!]></Url>
</item>";
}
}
}
}
</code></pre>
<h3 id="五发送模板消息">五》发送模板消息</h3>
<p>首先在后台添加测试的模板，获取到消息模板的id</p>
<p><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/7f976098689a40aea8f63e356f6c1545.png" alt="" loading="lazy"></p>
<p><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/8bcc0e3085784a9ead4dea96d28ac870.png" alt="在这里插入图片描述" loading="lazy"></p>
<p>发送模板消息帮助类：</p>
<pre><code class="language-csharp">public class TemplateMessage
{
static JavaScriptSerializer Jss = new JavaScriptSerializer();
/// <summary>
/// 给指定的用户发送模板消息
/// </summary>
/// <param name="openId">用户标识openid</param>
/// <param name="templateId">对应的模板id</param>
/// <param name="data">对应模板的参数</param>
/// <param name="url">点击对应消息弹出的地址</param>
/// <param name="topcolor">颜色</param>
/// <returns>返回json数据包</returns>
public static string SendTemplate(string openId, string templateId, object data, string url, string topcolor = "#173177")
{
string access_token = AccessTokenHelp.AccessToken;
var msgData = new
{
touser = openId,
template_id = templateId,
topcolor = topcolor,
url = url,
data = data
};
string postData = Jss.Serialize(msgData);
return HttpUtility.SendHttpRequest("https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/template/send?access_token=" + access_token, postData);
}
/// <summary>
/// 给指定的用户发送模板消息
/// </summary>
/// <param name="openId">用户标识openid</param>
/// <param name="templateId">对应的模板id</param>
/// <param name="data">对应模板的参数</param>
/// <param name="topcolor">颜色</param>
/// <returns>返回json数据包</returns>
public static string SendTemplate(string openId, string templateId, object data, string topcolor = "#173177")
{
string access_token = AccessTokenHelp.AccessToken;
var msgData = new
{
touser = openId,
template_id = templateId,
topcolor = topcolor,
data = data
};
string postData = Jss.Serialize(msgData);
return HttpUtility.SendHttpRequest("https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/template/send?access_token=" + access_token, postData);
}
}
</code></pre>
<p>发送模板消息调用：</p>
<pre><code class="language-csharp">var data = new
{
first = new
{
value = "恭喜你购买成功",
color = "#173177"
}
};
string templateId = "ibrQIRAaFkbeRNKpj9SbuJ0Rgs6q1ZTpsNkdf31lZwM";
TemplateMessage.SendTemplate(FromUserName.InnerText, templateId, data);
</code></pre>
<p><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/d679b99e9b984b4290906ba49bf23a84.png" alt="" loading="lazy"><br>
参考链接</p>
<h3 id="六接口验证">六》接口验证</h3>
<p>配置验证通过后，用户发消息或事件，接口拿到信息就可以做出处理反馈了</p>
<pre><code class="language-csharp">public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context)
{
string postString = string.Empty;
if (HttpContext.Current.Request.HttpMethod.ToUpper() == "POST")
{
using (Stream stream = HttpContext.Current.Request.InputStream)
{
Byte[] postBytes = new Byte;
stream.Read(postBytes, 0, (Int32)stream.Length);
postString = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(postBytes);
Handle(postString);
}
}
else
{
//验证签名
if (CheckSignature())
{
HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(HttpContext.Current.Request.QueryString["echoStr"]);
}
else
{
HttpContext.Current.Response.Write("error");
}
}
}
</code></pre>
<p>签名方法</p>
<pre><code class="language-csharp">/// <summary>
/// 检查签名
/// </summary>
/// <param name="request"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private bool CheckSignature()
{
string token = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["WeChatToken"];
string signature = HttpContext.Current.Request.QueryString["signature"];
string timestamp = HttpContext.Current.Request.QueryString["timestamp"];
string nonce = HttpContext.Current.Request.QueryString["nonce"];
List<string> list = new List<string>();
list.Add(token);
list.Add(timestamp);
list.Add(nonce);
//排序
list.Sort();
//拼串
string input = string.Empty;
foreach (var item in list)
{
input += item;
}
//加密
string new_signature = CommonHelp.SHA1Encrypt(input);
//验证
if (new_signature == signature)
{
return true;
}
else
{
return false;
}
}
</code></pre>
<p>签名中的SHA1Encrypt加密算法</p>
<pre><code class="language-csharp">/// <summary>
/// SHA1加密
/// </summary>
/// <param name="intput">输入字符串</param>
/// <returns>加密后的字符串</returns>
public static string SHA1Encrypt(string intput)
{
byte[] StrRes = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(intput);
HashAlgorithm mySHA = new SHA1CryptoServiceProvider();
StrRes = mySHA.ComputeHash(StrRes);
StringBuilder EnText = new StringBuilder();
foreach (byte Byte in StrRes)
{
EnText.AppendFormat("{0:x2}", Byte);
}
return EnText.ToString();
}
</code></pre>
<p>推荐公众号：net分享<br>
<img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210517111144223.png" alt="我的公众号" loading="lazy"></p>
<p><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/4d033c96fd8aaedb523b546d3c39f92f.png#pic_center" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><br><br>
来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/netcore5/p/15376190.html
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