与善为伍 發表於 2020-9-2 18:20:00

github新手使用教程说明

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<p>&nbsp;先放一张概念图</p>
<p>脑子里差不多有个印象</p>
<p>&nbsp;<img src="https://img2020.cnblogs.com/blog/2114713/202009/2114713-20200902181717383-613439275.png" alt="" loading="lazy"></p>
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<p>然后开启我们的操作步骤&nbsp;</p>
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<p><span style="font-family: 宋体">安装好</span>GitHub <span style="font-family: 宋体">后,打开 </span><span style="font-family: Calibri">git bash</span><span style="font-family: 宋体">,</span></p>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="font-family: 宋体">输入命令</span>git init<span style="font-family: 宋体">,初始化</span><span style="font-family: Calibri">git</span><span style="font-family: 宋体">(建立暂存区)</span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: 宋体">初始化完成之后,会出来一个隐藏文件</span>.git</p>
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<p><span style="font-family: 宋体">这个隐藏文件是用来存储当前页面的版本信息的</span></p>
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<p><span style="font-family: 宋体">安装结束后需要进⾏⼀些设置</span></p>
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<p><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体">命令</span> 1 . git config --global user.name "<span style="font-family: 宋体">你的</span><span style="font-family: Calibri">git</span><span style="font-family: 宋体">名称</span><span style="font-family: Calibri">" </span></strong></p>
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<p><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体">命令</span>2. git config --global user.email "<span style="font-family: 宋体">你的</span><span style="font-family: Calibri">git</span><span style="font-family: 宋体">验证邮箱</span><span style="font-family: Calibri">"</span></strong></p>
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<p><span style="font-family: 宋体">两个命令都是全局设置,配置一次足矣</span></p>
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<p><span style="font-family: 宋体">配置完就可以提交数据了。从工作区提交的缓存区。</span></p>
<p>git add <span style="font-family: 宋体">文件名</span></p>
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<p>git add &nbsp;* &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="font-family: 宋体">提交所有</span></p>
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<p>git commit -m "<span style="font-family: 宋体">这次提交的描述信息</span><span style="font-family: Calibri">"</span></p>
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<p>git status <span style="font-family: 宋体">可以查看提交的具体情况</span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: 宋体">可以查看本地工作区与暂存区的差别。</span></p>
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<p>git add &nbsp;<span style="font-family: 宋体">可以让工作区覆盖暂存区的文件。</span></p>
<p>git checkout <span style="font-family: 宋体">文件名 &nbsp;可以让暂存区文件覆盖到工作区。</span></p>
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<p>git diff <span style="font-family: 宋体">查看暂存区和工作区代码的区别</span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: 宋体">只能看暂存区有的文件和工作区的文件的区别。如果暂存区没有工作区的对应文件,将无法比较</span></p>
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<p>git log<span style="font-family: 宋体">查看日志</span></p>
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<p><span style="font-family: 宋体">命令</span> 1 . git reset --hard HEAD^ <span style="font-family: 宋体">退回到上个版本 </span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: 宋体">如果需要退回好多版本就在后⾯加上</span> ^</p>
<p><span style="font-family: 宋体">例:</span> git reset --hard HEAD^^<span style="font-family: 宋体">退回两个版本。</span></p>
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<p><span style="font-family: 宋体">通过版本号来恢复文件</span></p>
<p>git reset --hard</p>
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<p><span style="font-family: 宋体">在</span>GitHub<span style="font-family: 宋体">终端创建一个仓库。</span></p>
<p>&nbsp;<img src="https://img2020.cnblogs.com/blog/2114713/202009/2114713-20200902181741988-188421115.png" alt="" loading="lazy"></p>
<p><span style="font-family: 宋体">用来上传代码</span></p>
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<p><span style="font-family: 宋体">提交之前需要先给电脑授权</span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: 宋体">首先需要生成秘钥</span></p>
<p>ssh-keygen -t rsa –C “<span style="font-family: 宋体">登录</span><span style="font-family: Calibri">github</span><span style="font-family: 宋体">的邮箱地址</span><span style="font-family: Calibri">”</span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: 宋体">一直回车。</span></p>
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<p><span style="font-family: 宋体">找到密匙产生的地址。</span></p>
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<p><span style="font-family: 宋体">找到密匙之后</span></p>
<p><img src="https://img2020.cnblogs.com/blog/2114713/202009/2114713-20200902181755271-665313102.png" alt="" loading="lazy"></p>
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<p><span style="font-family: 宋体">找到</span>settings</p>
<p><img src="https://img2020.cnblogs.com/blog/2114713/202009/2114713-20200902181801797-1213963588.png" alt="" loading="lazy"></p>
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<p><span style="font-family: 宋体">在</span>git bash<span style="font-family: 宋体">里配置仓库名字 </span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: 宋体">输入命令</span></p>
<p>git remote add origin https: // github.com/<span style="font-family: 宋体">你的账号</span><span style="font-family: Calibri">/</span><span style="font-family: 宋体">你的项目名称</span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: 宋体">命令</span>2. git push -u origin master <span style="font-family: 宋体">将本地的库推送到</span><span style="font-family: Calibri">master</span><span style="font-family: 宋体">分⽀ (就是推送到服务器上)</span></p>
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<p><span style="font-family: 宋体">以上为第一次上传教程。</span></p>
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<p><span style="font-family: 宋体">往后如果以后再想往</span>github<span style="font-family: 宋体">上传送</span></p>
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<p><span style="font-family: 宋体">把代码放进缓存区后,直接</span>git push<span style="font-family: 宋体">命令 就可以直接上传</span><span style="font-family: Calibri">github</span><span style="font-family: 宋体">服务器终端</span></p>
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<p><span style="font-family: 宋体">如果想要从远程仓库吧数据更新在本地。</span></p>
<p>git pull</p>
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<p><span style="font-family: 宋体">如果有个新来的小伙计,刚来,从仓库拷贝代码下来,</span>git clone <span style="font-family: 宋体">仓库的地址</span><span style="font-family: Calibri">.git</span></p>
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<p><span style="font-family: 宋体">拷贝下来进入这个拷贝的文件夹里。</span></p>
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<p><span style="font-family: 宋体">最后奉上一份命令大全</span></p>
<p><img src="https://img2020.cnblogs.com/blog/2114713/202009/2114713-20200902181826577-782792297.png" alt="" loading="lazy"></p>
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<p><span style="font-family: 宋体">创建分支</span> git branch <span style="font-family: 宋体">分支名</span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: 宋体">合并分支</span> git merge <span style="font-family: 宋体">分支名(合并的时候需要回到上一层分支)</span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: 宋体">切换分支</span> git checkout <span style="font-family: 宋体">分支名</span></p>
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<p><span style="font-family: 宋体">分支介绍:</span></p>
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<p>&nbsp;master分支<span style="font-family: Verdana">,即主分支。任何项目都必须有个这个分支。对项目进行</span>tag或发布版本等操作,都必须在该分支上进行。</p>
<p>&nbsp;develop分支<span style="font-family: Verdana">,即开发分支,从</span>master分支上检出。团队成员一般不会直接更改该分支,而是分别从该分支检出自己的feature分支,开发完成后将feature分支上的改动merge回develop分支。同时release分支由此分支检出。</p>
<p>&nbsp;release分支<span style="font-family: Verdana">,即发布分支,从</span>develop分支上检出。该分支用作发版前的测试,可进行简单的bug修复。如果bug修复比较复杂,可merge回develop分支后由其他分支进行bug修复。此分支测试完成后,需要同时merge到master和develop分支上。</p>
<p>&nbsp;feature分支<span style="font-family: Verdana">,即功能分支,从</span>develop分支上检出。团队成员中每个人都维护一个自己的feature分支,并进行开发工作,开发完成后将此分支merge回develop分支。此分支一般用来开发新功能或进行项目维护等。</p>
<p>&nbsp;fix分支<span style="font-family: Verdana">,即补丁分支,由</span>develop分支检出,用作bug修复,bug修复完成需merge回develop分支,并将其删除。所以该分支属于临时性分支。</p>
<p>&nbsp;hotfix分支<span style="font-family: Verdana">,即热补丁分支。和</span>fix分支的区别在于,该分支由master分支检出,进行线上版本的bug修复,修复完成后merge回master分支,并merge到develop分支上,merge完成后也可以将其删除,也属于临时性分支。</p>
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来源:https://www.cnblogs.com/CandyTT/p/13603274.html
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