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乐未央 發表於 2019-12-9 18:10:00

Node.js教程

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                                          <p id="main-toc"><strong>目录</strong></p>
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<p id="%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0%20%E8%AE%A4%E8%AF%86Node.js-toc" style="margin-left: 0">第一章 认识Node.js</p>
<p id="1.1%20%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85node-toc" style="margin-left: 40px">1.1 安装node</p>
<p id="%C2%A01.2%20node%E7%A4%BA%E4%BE%8B-toc" style="margin-left: 40px">&nbsp;1.2 node示例</p>
<p id="%C2%A01.3%20%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AAnode%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F-toc" style="margin-left: 40px">&nbsp;1.3 第一个node程序</p>
<p id="1.4%20Supervisor%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D-toc" style="margin-left: 40px">1.4 Supervisor介绍</p>
<p id="%C2%A01.5%20nrm%E5%92%8Cnvm%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D-toc" style="margin-left: 40px">&nbsp;1.5 nrm和nvm介绍</p>
<p id="%C2%A0%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0%20Node.js%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86-toc" style="margin-left: 0">&nbsp;第二章 Node.js基础知识</p>
<p id="2.1%20web%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8%E5%92%8C%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AAexpress%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8-toc" style="margin-left: 40px">2.1 web应用和第一个express应用</p>
<p id="%C2%A02.2%20Route%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D%E5%92%8C%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8-toc" style="margin-left: 40px">&nbsp;2.2 Route介绍和使用</p>
<p id="%C2%A02.3%20express%E8%B7%AF%E7%94%B1%E6%BC%94%E7%A4%BA-toc" style="margin-left: 40px">&nbsp;2.3 express路由演示</p>
<p id="2.4%20express%E8%B7%AF%E7%94%B1API%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8(%E4%B8%80)-toc" style="margin-left: 40px">2.4 express路由API使用(一)</p>
<p id="2.5%20express%E8%B7%AF%E7%94%B1API%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8(%E4%BA%8C)-toc" style="margin-left: 40px">2.5 express路由API使用(二)</p>
<p id="%C2%A02.6%C2%A0%E8%B7%AF%E7%94%B1%E6%8B%86%E5%88%86-toc" style="margin-left: 40px">&nbsp;2.6&nbsp;路由拆分</p>
<p id="%C2%A02.7%20%E4%B8%AD%E9%97%B4%E4%BB%B6-toc" style="margin-left: 40px">&nbsp;2.7 中间件</p>
<p id="%C2%A02.8%20%E5%BC%82%E5%B8%B8%E5%A4%84%E7%90%86-toc" style="margin-left: 40px">&nbsp;2.8 异常处理</p>
<p id="%C2%A02.9%20MySQL-toc" style="margin-left: 40px">&nbsp;2.9 MySQL</p>
<p id="%C2%A02.10%20Sequelize%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D%E5%92%8C%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8-toc" style="margin-left: 40px">&nbsp;2.10 Sequelize介绍和使用</p>
<p id="%C2%A0%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E7%AB%A0%20%E4%BB%8E%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98%E4%B8%AD%E7%86%9F%E6%82%89%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C-toc" style="margin-left: 0">&nbsp;第三章 从实战中熟悉操作</p>
<p id="%C2%A03.1%20%E9%9C%80%E6%B1%82%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90-toc" style="margin-left: 40px">&nbsp;3.1 需求分析</p>
<p id="%C2%A03.2%20API%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1-toc" style="margin-left: 40px">&nbsp;3.2 API设计</p>
<p id="%C2%A03.3%20%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA-toc" style="margin-left: 40px">&nbsp;3.3 模型创建</p>
<p id="%C2%A03.4%20API%E9%87%8C%E9%9D%A2%E5%85%B7%E4%BD%93%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8ORM%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B-toc" style="margin-left: 40px">&nbsp;3.4 API里面具体使用ORM模型</p>
<p id="%C2%A03.5%20%E8%BF%90%E7%BB%B4%E5%92%8C%E5%8F%91%E5%B8%83-toc" style="margin-left: 40px">&nbsp;3.5 运维和发布</p>
<p id="%C2%A0%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E7%AB%A0%EF%BC%9A%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93%E4%B8%8E%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98%E5%BD%92%E7%BA%B3-toc" style="margin-left: 0">&nbsp;第四章：总结与问题归纳</p>
<p id="%C2%A04.1%20%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93-toc" style="margin-left: 40px">&nbsp;4.1 总结</p>
<p id="%C2%A04.2%20%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98%E5%BD%92%E7%BA%B3-toc" style="margin-left: 40px">&nbsp;4.2 问题归纳</p>
<p style="margin-left: 0">&nbsp;</p>
<hr id="hr-toc"><h1 id="%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0%20%E8%AE%A4%E8%AF%86Node.js">第一章 认识Node.js</h1>
<h2 id="1.1%20%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85node">1.1 安装node</h2>
<p><span style="color: rgba(243, 59, 69, 1)"><strong>http://nodejs.cn/download/</strong></span></p>
<p><strong>检验是否安装完成</strong></p>
<p>打开终端输入以下命令，是否出现版本号</p>
<pre class="has" name="code"><code class="hljs"><ol class="hljs-ln"><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="1"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">node -v</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="2"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">npm -v</div></div></li></ol></code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<h2 id="%C2%A01.2%20node%E7%A4%BA%E4%BE%8B">&nbsp;1.2 node示例</h2>
<pre class="has" name="code"><code class="language-javascript hljs"><ol class="hljs-ln"><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="1"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> os = <span class="hljs-built_in">require</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'os'</span>);</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="2"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"> </div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="3"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-comment">// 读取系统的cpu的信息</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="4"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> cpus = os.cpus();<span class="hljs-comment">//获取当前系统的cpu的数量</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="5"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-built_in">console</span>.log(cpus.length);</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="6"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"> </div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="7"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-comment">//获取内存信息</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="8"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> total = os.totalmem();<span class="hljs-comment">//bytes</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="9"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-built_in">console</span>.log(total/<span class="hljs-number">1024</span>/<span class="hljs-number">1024</span>/<span class="hljs-number">1024</span>);<span class="hljs-comment">//GB</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="10"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"> </div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="11"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-comment">//获取剩余内存信息</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="12"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> free = os.freemem();</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="13"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-built_in">console</span>.log(free/<span class="hljs-number">1024</span>/<span class="hljs-number">1024</span>/<span class="hljs-number">1024</span>);<span class="hljs-comment">//GB</span></div></div></li></ol></code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<p>&nbsp;运行程序</p>
<p><strong>终端输入</strong></p>
<pre class="has" name="code"><code class="hljs css"><span class="hljs-selector-tag">node</span> <span class="hljs-selector-tag">demo</span><span class="hljs-selector-class">.js</span>(文件名)</code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<h2 id="%C2%A01.3%20%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AAnode%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F">&nbsp;1.3 第一个node程序</h2>
<pre class="has" name="code"><code class="language-javascript hljs"><ol class="hljs-ln"><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="1"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> http = <span class="hljs-built_in">require</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'http'</span>);<span class="hljs-comment">//创建http模块</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="2"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> hostname = <span class="hljs-string">'127.0.0.1'</span>;<span class="hljs-comment">//主机地址</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="3"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> port = <span class="hljs-number">3000</span>;<span class="hljs-comment">//端口号</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="4"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"> </div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="5"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-comment">//创建一个server实例</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="6"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> server = http.createServer(<span class="hljs-function">(<span class="hljs-params">req,res</span>)=&gt;</span>{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="7"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-comment">//req:请求对象</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="8"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-comment">//res:响应对象</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="9"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    res.statusCode = <span class="hljs-number">200</span>;</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="10"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    res.setHeader(<span class="hljs-string">'Content-Type'</span>,<span class="hljs-string">'text/plain'</span>);</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="11"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    res.end(<span class="hljs-string">'hello World'</span>);<span class="hljs-comment">//返回到页面</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="12"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">})</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="13"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">server.listen(port,hostname,()=&gt;{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="14"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-comment">//回调</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="15"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-built_in">console</span>.log(<span class="hljs-string">`服务启动成功,监听端口:<span class="hljs-subst">${port}</span>`</span>)</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="16"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">})</div></div></li></ol></code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<p>&nbsp;<strong>页面上返回如下</strong></p>
<p>&nbsp;<img alt="" class="has" height="109" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20191209173649277.png" width="279"></p>
<p><strong>&nbsp;终端打印如下</strong></p>
<p><img alt="" class="has" height="20" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20191209173721326.png" width="205"></p>
<h2 id="1.4%20Supervisor%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D">1.4 Supervisor介绍</h2>
<blockquote>
<p>我们一般都是编写代码边调试，这个过程很繁琐，Supervisor是个工具，可以帮我们自动检测代码的变化，重启服务</p>
<p></p>
</blockquote>
<p>&nbsp;全局安装supervisor</p>
<pre class="has" name="code"><code class="hljs sql">npm <span class="hljs-keyword">install</span> supervisor -g</code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<p>&nbsp;安装完成启动项目使用</p>
<pre class="has" name="code"><code class="hljs css"><span class="hljs-selector-tag">supervisor</span> <span class="hljs-selector-tag">base</span><span class="hljs-selector-class">.js</span>(文件名)</code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<h2 id="%C2%A01.5%20nrm%E5%92%8Cnvm%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D">&nbsp;1.5 nrm和nvm介绍</h2>
<blockquote>
<p>nrm管理npm源&nbsp;</p>
<p></p>
</blockquote>
<pre class="has" name="code"><code class="hljs cs"><ol class="hljs-ln"><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="1"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">nrm ls <span class="hljs-comment">//查看所有的源</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="2"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">nrm current <span class="hljs-comment">//当前使用的源</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="3"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">nrm use &lt;源名称&gt; <span class="hljs-comment">//切换源</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="4"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">nrm <span class="hljs-keyword">add</span> &lt;registry&gt; &lt;url&gt; <span class="hljs-comment">//添加自定义源</span></div></div></li></ol></code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<p>安装nrm</p>
<pre class="has" name="code"><code class="hljs sql">npm <span class="hljs-keyword">install</span> nrm -g</code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<blockquote>
<p>&nbsp;nvm管理node.js版本</p>
<p></p>
</blockquote>
<pre class="has" name="code"><code class="hljs java">nvm ls<span class="hljs-comment">//查看电脑上所有的node版本</span></code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<h1 id="%C2%A0%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0%20Node.js%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86">&nbsp;第二章 Node.js基础知识</h1>
<h2 id="2.1%20web%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8%E5%92%8C%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AAexpress%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8">2.1 web应用和第一个express应用</h2>
<p>web应用</p>
<blockquote>
<p>ajax,websockt --&gt; 服务器(web应用) --&gt; 缓存/数据库</p>
<p>通过ajax或者其他方法请求web应用获取数据</p>
<p></p>
</blockquote>
<p>&nbsp;express框架</p>
<blockquote>
<p>express</p>
<p>接收 req,处理 res</p>
<p>是node中的一种web框架</p>
<p></p>
</blockquote>
<p>&nbsp;首先需要先安装express</p>
<pre class="has" name="code"><code class="hljs java"><ol class="hljs-ln"><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="1"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">npm install express -S<span class="hljs-comment">//生产环境下安装express</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="2"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">或者使用 npm install   <span class="hljs-comment">//安装所有依赖</span></div></div></li></ol></code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<pre class="has" name="code"><code class="hljs php"><ol class="hljs-ln"><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="1"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> express = <span class="hljs-keyword">require</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'express'</span>);</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="2"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"> </div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="3"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-comment">//是一个express实例</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="4"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> app = express();</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="5"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"> </div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="6"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-comment">//get请求</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="7"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-comment">//请求/name接口的时候需要跟个参数。例：/name/123</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="8"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-comment">//返回 {name:tom,age:123}</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="9"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">app.get(<span class="hljs-string">'/name/:age'</span>,(req,res)=&gt;{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="10"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    let {age} = req.params;</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="11"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    res.json({</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="12"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      name:<span class="hljs-string">'tom'</span>,</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="13"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      age</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="14"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    })</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="15"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">})</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="16"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"> </div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="17"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-comment">//post请求</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="18"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">app.post(<span class="hljs-string">'/name'</span>,(req,res)=&gt;{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="19"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    res.send(<span class="hljs-string">'tom post'</span>)</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="20"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">})</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="21"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"> </div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="22"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-comment">//所有请求</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="23"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">app.all(<span class="hljs-string">'/name'</span>,(req,res)=&gt;{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="24"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    res.send(<span class="hljs-string">'tom all methods'</span>)</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="25"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">})</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="26"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"> </div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="27"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">app.listen(<span class="hljs-number">3000</span>,()=&gt;{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="28"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    console.log(<span class="hljs-string">'server 启动成功'</span>)</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="29"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">})</div></div></li></ol></code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<h2 id="%C2%A02.2%20Route%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D%E5%92%8C%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8">&nbsp;2.2 Route介绍和使用</h2>
<blockquote>
<p>web服务如何处理一个请求？</p>
<p></p>
</blockquote>
<p>&nbsp;url --&gt; 网络 --&gt; dns解析 --&gt; 目标服务器</p>
<p style="text-indent: 33px">如何响应这个请求 --&gt; 路由//规则</p>
<p><strong>&nbsp;1. 请求方法来区分</strong></p>
<ol><li>get --&gt; 响应</li>
        <li>post --&gt; 响应</li>
</ol><p><strong>2.通过uri --&gt; 路径区分(域名后面的路径)</strong></p>
<p style="text-indent: 33px">www.baidu.com/a/b/c.html</p>
<h2 id="%C2%A02.3%20express%E8%B7%AF%E7%94%B1%E6%BC%94%E7%A4%BA">&nbsp;2.3 express路由演示</h2>
<blockquote>
<p>路由的区分实例</p>
<p></p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>&nbsp;请求方法区分</strong></p>
<pre class="has" name="code"><code class="language-javascript hljs"><ol class="hljs-ln"><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="1"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">app.get(<span class="hljs-string">'/demo'</span>,(req,res)=&gt;{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="2"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-comment">//req:请求对象</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="3"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-comment">//res:服务器响应对象</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="4"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    res.json({</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="5"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      <span class="hljs-attr">message</span>:<span class="hljs-string">'hello express route from get demo'</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="6"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    })</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="7"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">})</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="8"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">app.post(<span class="hljs-string">'/demo'</span>,(req,res)=&gt;{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="9"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-comment">//req:请求对象</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="10"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-comment">//res:服务器响应对象</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="11"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    res.json({</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="12"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      <span class="hljs-attr">message</span>:<span class="hljs-string">'hello express route from post demo'</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="13"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    })</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="14"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">})</div></div></li></ol></code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<p><strong>&nbsp;uri 区分</strong></p>
<pre class="has" name="code"><code class="language-javascript hljs"><ol class="hljs-ln"><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="1"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">app.get(<span class="hljs-string">'/user/byname'</span>,(req,res)=&gt;{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="2"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-keyword">let</span> {name} = req.query;</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="3"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    res.json({</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="4"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      name</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="5"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    })</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="6"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">})</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="7"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">app.get(<span class="hljs-string">'/user/byid'</span>,(req,res)=&gt;{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="8"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-keyword">let</span> {id} = req.query;</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="9"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    res.json({</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="10"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      id</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="11"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    })</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="12"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">})</div></div></li></ol></code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<h2 id="2.4%20express%E8%B7%AF%E7%94%B1API%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8(%E4%B8%80)">2.4 express路由API使用(一)</h2>
<blockquote>
<p>1：需要定义一个api/路由，需要满足客户端无论使用什么请求方式都可以得到响应</p>
<p></p>
</blockquote>
<pre class="has" name="code"><code class="language-javascript hljs"><ol class="hljs-ln"><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="1"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">app.all(<span class="hljs-string">'/demo'</span>,(req,res)=&gt;{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="2"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    res.json({</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="3"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      <span class="hljs-attr">message</span>:<span class="hljs-string">'demo'</span>,</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="4"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      <span class="hljs-attr">method</span>:req.method</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="5"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    })</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="6"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">})</div></div></li></ol></code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<blockquote>
<p>&nbsp;2：无论客户端使用任何的uri，我们的服务器都可以响应--&gt; 日志</p>
<p></p>
</blockquote>
<pre class="has" name="code"><code class="language-javascript hljs"><ol class="hljs-ln"><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="1"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">app.all(<span class="hljs-string">'*'</span>,(req,res)=&gt;{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="2"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    res.json({</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="3"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      <span class="hljs-attr">message</span>:<span class="hljs-string">'demo'</span>,</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="4"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      <span class="hljs-attr">method</span>:req.method,</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="5"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      <span class="hljs-attr">uri</span>:req.path</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="6"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    })</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="7"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">})</div></div></li></ol></code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<h2 id="2.5%20express%E8%B7%AF%E7%94%B1API%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8(%E4%BA%8C)">2.5 express路由API使用(二)</h2>
<blockquote>
<p>app.use --&gt; 使用中间件(可以用来写路由,但是尽量写中间件,因为路由也属于中间件)</p>
<p></p>
</blockquote>
<pre class="has" name="code"><code class="language-javascript hljs"><ol class="hljs-ln"><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="1"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">app.use(<span class="hljs-string">'/demo'</span>,(req,res)=&gt;{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="2"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    res.json({</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="3"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      <span class="hljs-attr">message</span>:<span class="hljs-string">'demo'</span>,</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="4"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      <span class="hljs-attr">method</span>:req.method</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="5"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    })</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="6"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">})</div></div></li></ol></code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<pre class="has" name="code"><code class="language-javascript hljs"><ol class="hljs-ln"><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="1"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">app.use(<span class="hljs-string">'/demo'</span>,(req,res)=&gt;{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="2"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    res.json({</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="3"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      <span class="hljs-attr">message</span>:<span class="hljs-string">'demo'</span>,</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="4"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      <span class="hljs-attr">method</span>:req.method,</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="5"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      <span class="hljs-attr">uri</span>:req.path</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="6"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    })</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="7"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">})</div></div></li></ol></code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<h2 id="%C2%A02.6%C2%A0%E8%B7%AF%E7%94%B1%E6%8B%86%E5%88%86">&nbsp;2.6&nbsp;路由拆分</h2>
<blockquote>
<p>member</p>
<p>sku</p>
<p>order</p>
<p>这三个路由都有一个子路由list</p>
<p></p>
</blockquote>
<ol><li>&nbsp;定义一个文件&nbsp;</li>
</ol><pre class="has" name="code"><code class="hljs css"><span class="hljs-selector-tag">member</span><span class="hljs-selector-class">.router</span><span class="hljs-selector-class">.js</span></code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; 2.&nbsp; 在该文件中写入所要处理的子路由(包括express框架)</p>
<pre class="has" name="code"><code class="language-javascript hljs"><ol class="hljs-ln"><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="1"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">和app中的路由写法一致</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="2"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">router. <span class="hljs-comment">//get post ...</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="3"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">router.all</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="4"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">router.use</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="5"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"> </div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="6"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> router = express.Router(); <span class="hljs-comment">//引入路由</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="7"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">router.get(<span class="hljs-string">'/list'</span>,(req,res)=&gt;{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="8"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    res.json({</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="9"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      {</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="10"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">            <span class="hljs-attr">id</span>:<span class="hljs-number">001</span>,</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="11"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">            <span class="hljs-attr">name</span>:<span class="hljs-string">'张三'</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="12"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      }</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="13"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    })</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="14"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">})</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="15"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-built_in">module</span>.exports = router; <span class="hljs-comment">//将该路由暴露出去</span></div></div></li></ol></code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; 3.&nbsp; 进入入口文件(app.js)注册路由</p>
<pre class="has" name="code"><code class="language-javascript hljs"><ol class="hljs-ln" style="width: 709px"><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="1"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> memberRouter = <span class="hljs-built_in">require</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'./member.router'</span>); <span class="hljs-comment">//引入刚才写好的member路由文件</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="2"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> skuRouter = <span class="hljs-built_in">require</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'./sku.router'</span>); <span class="hljs-comment">//引入刚才写好的sku路由文件</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="3"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-comment">//注册路由</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="4"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">app.use(<span class="hljs-string">'/member'</span>,memberRouter) <span class="hljs-comment">// /member作为父级</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="5"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">app.use(<span class="hljs-string">'/sku'</span>,memberRouter) <span class="hljs-comment">///sku作为父级</span></div></div></li></ol></code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<h2 id="%C2%A02.7%20%E4%B8%AD%E9%97%B4%E4%BB%B6">&nbsp;2.7 中间件</h2>
<blockquote>
<p>&nbsp;什么是express中间件</p>
<p></p>
</blockquote>
<ol><li>是一个函数</li>
        <li>有四个参数(err,req,res,next),next是个回调</li>
</ol><pre class="has" name="code"><code class="language-javascript hljs"><ol class="hljs-ln"><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="1"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> <span class="hljs-title">demo_middleware</span>(<span class="hljs-params">err,req,res,next</span>)</span>{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="2"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-comment">//1. 异常</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="3"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-comment">//2. 处理业务功能，然后转交控制权--next</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="4"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-comment">//3. 处理响应--结束响应--&gt;当作路由的处理函数</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="5"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">}</div></div></li></ol></code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<pre class="has" name="code"><code class="language-javascript hljs"><ol class="hljs-ln"><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="1"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">app.all(<span class="hljs-string">'*'</span>,valid_name_middleware)</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="2"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"> </div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="3"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-comment">//当调这个接口的时候，会先进入到all方法,然后执行中间件</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="4"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-comment">//判断是否有name参数，如果没有则执行中间件中返回的东西</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="5"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-comment">//如果有则进入next回调,执行该执行的东西</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="6"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">app.get(<span class="hljs-string">'/test'</span>,(req,res)=&gt;{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="7"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    res.json({</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="8"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      <span class="hljs-attr">message</span>:<span class="hljs-string">'test'</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="9"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    })</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="10"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">})</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="11"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"> </div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="12"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-comment">//中间件,检验是否有name参数</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="13"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> <span class="hljs-title">valid_name_middleware</span>(<span class="hljs-params">req,res,next</span>)</span>{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="14"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-keyword">let</span> {name} = req.query;</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="15"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span>(!name || !name.length){</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="16"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      res.json({</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="17"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">            <span class="hljs-attr">message</span>:<span class="hljs-string">'缺少name参数'</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="18"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      })</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="19"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    }<span class="hljs-keyword">else</span>{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="20"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      next();</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="21"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    }</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="22"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">}</div></div></li></ol></code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<blockquote>
<p>&nbsp;内置中间件和第三方中间件介绍</p>
<p></p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>使用方式：</strong></p>
<ol><li><strong>app级别</strong></li>
</ol><ul><li>
        <p style="text-indent: 33px">注册的时候，一定在最顶级</p>
        </li>
        <li>
        <p style="text-indent: 33px">app.use --&gt; api去加载进来</p>
        </li>
</ul><pre class="has" name="code"><code class="language-javascript hljs"><ol class="hljs-ln"><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="1"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> <span class="hljs-title">log_middleware</span>(<span class="hljs-params">req,res,next</span>)</span>{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="2"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-built_in">console</span>.log(<span class="hljs-string">'请求来了。。。'</span>);</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="3"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    next();</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="4"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">}</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="5"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">app.use(log_middleware); <span class="hljs-comment">//注册app级别的中间件</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="6"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"> </div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="7"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-comment">//加载一个static的中间件(内置的),会去访问static下面的html文件</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="8"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">app.use(express.static(<span class="hljs-string">'static'</span>,{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="9"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-attr">extensions</span>:[<span class="hljs-string">'html'</span>,<span class="hljs-string">'htm'</span>]</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="10"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">}))</div></div></li></ol></code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2.<strong>router级别</strong></p>
<pre class="has" name="code"><code class="language-javascript hljs"><ol class="hljs-ln"><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="1"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-comment">//1- 第一个场景</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="2"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">router.use(<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span>(<span class="hljs-params">req,res,next</span>)</span>{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="3"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-built_in">console</span>.log(<span class="hljs-string">'log from router'</span>);</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="4"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    next();</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="5"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">})</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="6"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-comment">//2- 路由内部使用</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="7"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> <span class="hljs-title">vlaid_login_params</span>(<span class="hljs-params">req,res,next</span>)</span>{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="8"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-keyword">let</span> {name,password} = req.query;</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="9"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span>(!name || !password){</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="10"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      res.json({</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="11"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">            <span class="hljs-attr">message</span>:<span class="hljs-string">'参数校验失败'</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="12"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      })</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="13"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    }<span class="hljs-keyword">else</span>{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="14"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      req.formdata = {</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="15"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">            name,</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="16"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">            password</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="17"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      }</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="18"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      next();</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="19"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    }</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="20"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">}</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="21"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">router.get(<span class="hljs-string">'/login'</span>,[<span class="hljs-comment">/** middleware */</span>],(req,res)=&gt;{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="22"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-keyword">let</span> {formdata} = req;</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="23"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    res.json({</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="24"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      <span class="hljs-attr">message</span>:<span class="hljs-string">'login'</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="25"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    })</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="26"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">})</div></div></li></ol></code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;3.<strong>异常处理--&gt;app级别--&gt;router级别</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>自定义中间件</p>
<p></p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="%C2%A02.8%20%E5%BC%82%E5%B8%B8%E5%A4%84%E7%90%86">&nbsp;2.8 异常处理</h2>
<blockquote>
<p>异常捕获</p>
<p>express内置异常处理</p>
<p>自定义异常处理</p>
<p></p>
</blockquote>
<pre class="has" name="code"><code class="language-javascript hljs"><ol class="hljs-ln"><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="1"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">app.get(<span class="hljs-string">'/demo'</span>,(req,res)=&gt;{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="2"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-keyword">throw</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> <span class="hljs-built_in">Error</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'测试异常功能'</span>)</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="3"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">})</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="4"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"> </div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="5"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> <span class="hljs-title">demo_middleware</span>(<span class="hljs-params">req,res,next</span>)</span>{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="6"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-keyword">try</span>{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="7"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      <span class="hljs-comment">// mysql操作</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="8"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    }<span class="hljs-keyword">catch</span>(error){</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="9"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      next(error);</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="10"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    }</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="11"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    </div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="12"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-comment">//Promise.then().catch(next) </span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="13"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    </div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="14"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-comment">//将异常抛到最终的异常处理器上</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="15"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-comment">//异常处理一定是收口的</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="16"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">}</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="17"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"> </div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="18"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-comment">//异常处理</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="19"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> <span class="hljs-title">error_handler_middleware</span>(<span class="hljs-params">err,req,res,next</span>)</span>{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="20"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span>(err){</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="21"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      <span class="hljs-keyword">let</span> {message} = err;</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="22"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      req.status(<span class="hljs-number">500</span>)</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="23"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">            .json({</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="24"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">                <span class="hljs-attr">message</span>:<span class="hljs-string">`<span class="hljs-subst">${message || <span class="hljs-string">'服务器异常'</span>}</span>`</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="25"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">            })</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="26"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    }</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="27"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">}</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="28"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-comment">//处理404</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="29"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> <span class="hljs-title">not_found_handler</span>(<span class="hljs-params">req,res,next</span>)</span>{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="30"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    res.json({</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="31"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      <span class="hljs-attr">message</span>:<span class="hljs-string">'api不存在'</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="32"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    })</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="33"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">}</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="34"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">app.use(not_found_handler)<span class="hljs-comment">//处理404异常</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="35"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">app.use(error_handler_middleware) <span class="hljs-comment">//异常处理放在最底部</span></div></div></li></ol></code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<h2 id="%C2%A02.9%20MySQL">&nbsp;2.9 MySQL</h2>
<blockquote>
<p>&nbsp;结构化数据库中的一种</p>
<p>是一个服务,提供了数据存放的服务</p>
<p></p>
</blockquote>
<p>&nbsp;mysql的安装</p>
<h2 id="%C2%A02.10%20Sequelize%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D%E5%92%8C%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8">&nbsp;2.10 Sequelize介绍和使用</h2>
<p>&nbsp;安装sequelize</p>
<pre class="has" name="code"><code class="hljs swift"><ol class="hljs-ln"><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="1"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">npm install sequelize -<span class="hljs-type">S</span> <span class="hljs-comment">//生产环境安装</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="2"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">npm install sequelize-cli -<span class="hljs-type">S</span> <span class="hljs-comment">//安装scli-equelize-cli提高效率</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="3"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">npx sequelize-cli <span class="hljs-keyword">init</span> <span class="hljs-comment">//初始化sequelize</span></div></div></li></ol></code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<p>&nbsp;初始化完成会生成如下文件</p>
<p>&nbsp;<img alt="" class="has" height="93" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20191209175718405.png" width="180"></p>
<pre class="has" name="code"><code class="hljs"><ol class="hljs-ln"><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="1"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">config 目录</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="2"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">migrations 数据迁移文件</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="3"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">modeulesORM里面的每个模块会跟我们的项目关联</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="4"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">seeders初始化脚本</div></div></li></ol></code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<p>&nbsp;修改config配置文件</p>
<pre class="has" name="code"><code class="language-javascript hljs"><ol class="hljs-ln"><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="1"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"> <span class="hljs-string">"development"</span>: {</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="2"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-string">"username"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"root"</span>,<span class="hljs-comment">//用户名</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="3"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-string">"password"</span>: <span class="hljs-literal">null</span>,<span class="hljs-comment">//密码</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="4"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-string">"database"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"database_development"</span>,<span class="hljs-comment">//数据库名</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="5"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-string">"host"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"127.0.0.1"</span>,<span class="hljs-comment">//主机地址</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="6"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-string">"dialect"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"mysql"</span><span class="hljs-comment">//方源</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="7"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">}</div></div></li></ol></code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<pre class="has" name="code"><code class="hljs delphi">npx sequelize-cli model:generate --<span class="hljs-keyword">name</span> User --attributes <span class="hljs-keyword">name</span>:<span class="hljs-keyword">string</span></code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<p>&nbsp;完成之后</p>
<p><strong>models</strong>目录下会多一个<strong>user.js</strong>文件</p>
<p><strong>migrations</strong>目录下会多一个文件,这个文件就是用来创建表</p>
<pre class="has" name="code"><code class="language-javascript hljs"><ol class="hljs-ln"><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="1"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> models = <span class="hljs-built_in">require</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'../models/'</span>); <span class="hljs-comment">//模型对象</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="2"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-comment">//models.User//User模型</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="3"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-comment">//models.Sequlize //Sequlize类</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="4"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-comment">//models.sequlize //sequlize实例</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="5"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"> </div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="6"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">npm install mysql2 -S <span class="hljs-comment">//安装驱动连接MySQL</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="7"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">npx sequelize-cli db:migrate --env=development <span class="hljs-comment">//创建表</span></div></div></li></ol></code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<p></p>
<pre class="has" name="code"><code class="language-javascript hljs"><ol class="hljs-ln"><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="1"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-comment">//创建表中记录</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="2"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">app.get(<span class="hljs-string">'/create'</span>,<span class="hljs-keyword">async</span> (req,res)=&gt;{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="3"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-keyword">let</span> {name} = req.query;</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="4"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-comment">// promise user --&gt; sequlize对象</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="5"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-keyword">let</span> user = <span class="hljs-keyword">await</span> models.User.create({</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="6"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      name</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="7"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    })</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="8"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    res.json({</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="9"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      <span class="hljs-attr">message</span>:<span class="hljs-string">'创建成功'</span>,</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="10"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">       user</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="11"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    })</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="12"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">})</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="13"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-comment">//查询表中所有的数据</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="14"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">app.get(<span class="hljs-string">'/list'</span>,<span class="hljs-keyword">async</span> (req,res)=&gt;{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="15"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-keyword">let</span> list = <span class="hljs-keyword">await</span> models.User.findAll();</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="16"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    res.json({</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="17"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      list</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="18"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    })</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="19"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">})</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="20"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-comment">//</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="21"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-comment">//查询表中id为传入id的数据</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="22"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">app.get(<span class="hljs-string">'/detail/:id'</span>,<span class="hljs-keyword">async</span> (req,res)=&gt;{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="23"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-keyword">let</span> {id} = req.params;</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="24"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-keyword">let</span> user = <span class="hljs-keyword">await</span> models.User.findOne({</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="25"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      <span class="hljs-attr">where</span>:{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="26"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">            id</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="27"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      }</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="28"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    })</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="29"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    res.json({</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="30"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      user</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="31"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    })</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="32"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">})</div></div></li></ol></code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<h1 id="%C2%A0%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E7%AB%A0%20%E4%BB%8E%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98%E4%B8%AD%E7%86%9F%E6%82%89%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C">&nbsp;第三章 从实战中熟悉操作</h1>
<h2 id="%C2%A03.1%20%E9%9C%80%E6%B1%82%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90">&nbsp;3.1 需求分析</h2>
<blockquote>
<p>&nbsp;第一步根据用户所提出来的需求进行分析,这一步很重要,分析完成才可以设计你的API</p>
<p>主要分析需要传进来什么参数，实现什么功能</p>
<p></p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="%C2%A03.2%20API%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1">&nbsp;3.2 API设计</h2>
<ol><li>创建项目目录</li>
        <li>初始化npm</li>
</ol><pre class="has" name="code"><code class="hljs swift">npm <span class="hljs-keyword">init</span></code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<p></p>
<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;3.安装依赖</p>
<pre class="has" name="code"><code class="hljs sql">npm <span class="hljs-keyword">install</span> express mysql2 sequelize supervisor sequelize-cli <span class="hljs-keyword">body</span>-parser -S</code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<p>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;4.先把框架写出来</p>
<pre class="has" name="code"><code class="language-javascript hljs"><ol class="hljs-ln"><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="1"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">&gt;&gt; app.js</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="2"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> express = <span class="hljs-built_in">require</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'express'</span>);</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="3"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> bodyParser = <span class="hljs-built_in">require</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'body-parser'</span>);<span class="hljs-comment">//post请求需要该中间件</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="4"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> app = express();</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="5"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"> </div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="6"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">app.use(express.json());</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="7"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">app.use(express.urlencoded());</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="8"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded({<span class="hljs-attr">extended</span>: <span class="hljs-literal">true</span>}));</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="9"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"> </div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="10"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">app.listen(<span class="hljs-number">3000</span>,()=&gt;{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="11"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-built_in">console</span>.log(<span class="hljs-string">'服务启动成功'</span>)</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="12"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">})</div></div></li></ol></code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<p>&nbsp; &nbsp;5.异常处理,所有的错误，http status == 500</p>
<pre class="has" name="code"><code class="hljs vbscript"><ol class="hljs-ln"><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="1"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">app.use((<span class="hljs-built_in">err</span>,req,res,<span class="hljs-keyword">next</span>)=&gt;{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="2"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span>(<span class="hljs-built_in">err</span>){</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="3"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      res.status(<span class="hljs-number">500</span>).json({</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="4"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">            message:<span class="hljs-built_in">err</span>.message</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="5"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      })</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="6"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    }</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="7"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">})</div></div></li></ol></code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; 6.API的设计</p>
<pre class="has" name="code"><code class="language-javascript hljs"><ol class="hljs-ln"><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="1"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">app.get(<span class="hljs-string">'/list/:status/:page'</span>,<span class="hljs-keyword">async</span> (req,res,next)=&gt;{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="2"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    res.json({</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="3"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      <span class="hljs-attr">list</span>:[]</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="4"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    })</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="5"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">})</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="6"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-comment">/*创建一个任务*/</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="7"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">app.post(<span class="hljs-string">'/create'</span>,<span class="hljs-keyword">async</span> (req,res,next)=&gt;{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="8"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-keyword">let</span> { name,deadline,content } = req.body;</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="9"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    res.json({</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="10"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      <span class="hljs-attr">todo</span>:{},</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="11"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      name,</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="12"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      deadline,</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="13"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      content</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="14"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    })</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="15"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">})</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="16"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-comment">/*修改一个任务*/</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="17"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">app.post(<span class="hljs-string">'/update'</span>,<span class="hljs-keyword">async</span> (req,res,next)=&gt;{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="18"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-keyword">let</span> { name,deadline,content,id } = req.body;</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="19"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    res.json({</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="20"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      <span class="hljs-attr">todo</span>:{},</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="21"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      name,</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="22"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      deadline,</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="23"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      content,</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="24"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      id</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="25"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    })</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="26"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">})</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="27"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-comment">/*修改一个todo,删除*/</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="28"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">app.post(<span class="hljs-string">'/update_status'</span>,<span class="hljs-keyword">async</span> (req,res,next)=&gt;{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="29"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-keyword">let</span> { id,status } = req.body;</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="30"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    res.json({</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="31"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      <span class="hljs-attr">todo</span>:{},</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="32"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      id,</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="33"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      status</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="34"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    })</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="35"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">})</div></div></li></ol></code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<h2 id="%C2%A03.3%20%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA">&nbsp;3.3 模型创建</h2>
<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;1.数据库的初始化</p>
<pre class="has" name="code"><code class="hljs css"><ol class="hljs-ln" style="width: 909px"><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="1"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">创建数据库</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="2"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">使用`<span class="hljs-selector-tag">sequelize-cli</span>`初始化项目的数据库配置信息 `<span class="hljs-selector-tag">npx</span> <span class="hljs-selector-tag">sequelize</span> <span class="hljs-selector-tag">init</span>`(建议新建一个目录)</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="3"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">生成模型文件</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="4"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    1<span class="hljs-selector-class">.migrate</span> 文件</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="5"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    2<span class="hljs-selector-class">.model</span> 文件</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="6"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    `<span class="hljs-selector-tag">npx</span> <span class="hljs-selector-tag">sequelize</span> <span class="hljs-selector-tag">model</span><span class="hljs-selector-pseudo">:generate</span> <span class="hljs-selector-tag">--name</span> <span class="hljs-selector-tag">Todo</span> <span class="hljs-selector-tag">--attributes</span> <span class="hljs-selector-tag">name</span><span class="hljs-selector-pseudo">:string</span>,<span class="hljs-selector-tag">deadline</span><span class="hljs-selector-pseudo">:date</span>,<span class="hljs-selector-tag">conten</span><span class="hljs-selector-pseudo">:string</span>`</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="7"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">持久化,模型对应的<span class="hljs-selector-attr">[数据库表]</span>(生成数据库表)</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="8"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    `<span class="hljs-selector-tag">npx</span> <span class="hljs-selector-tag">sequelize</span> <span class="hljs-selector-tag">db</span><span class="hljs-selector-pseudo">:migrate</span>`</div></div></li></ol></code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2.API里面具体使用ORM模型</p>
<h2 id="%C2%A03.4%20API%E9%87%8C%E9%9D%A2%E5%85%B7%E4%BD%93%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8ORM%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B">&nbsp;3.4 API里面具体使用ORM模型</h2>
<pre class="has" name="code"><code class="language-javascript hljs"><ol class="hljs-ln"><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="1"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> models = <span class="hljs-built_in">require</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'../db/models'</span>);<span class="hljs-comment">//导入模型</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="2"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"> </div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="3"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-comment">/*创建一个todo*/</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="4"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">app.post(<span class="hljs-string">'/create'</span>,<span class="hljs-keyword">async</span> (req,res,next)=&gt;{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="5"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-keyword">try</span>{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="6"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      <span class="hljs-keyword">let</span> { name,deadline,content } = req.body;</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="7"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      <span class="hljs-comment">/**数据持久化到数据库**/</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="8"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      <span class="hljs-keyword">let</span> todo = <span class="hljs-keyword">await</span> models.Todo.create({</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="9"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">            name,</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="10"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">         deadline,</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="11"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">         content </div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="12"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      })</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="13"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      res.json({</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="14"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">            <span class="hljs-attr">todo</span>:{},</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="15"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">            name,</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="16"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">            deadline,</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="17"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">            content</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="18"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      })</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="19"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    }<span class="hljs-keyword">catch</span> (error){</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="20"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      next(error);</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="21"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    }</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="22"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">})</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="23"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-comment">/*修改一个todo*/</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="24"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">app.post(<span class="hljs-string">'/update'</span>,<span class="hljs-keyword">async</span> (req,res,next)=&gt;{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="25"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-keyword">try</span>{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="26"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      <span class="hljs-keyword">let</span> { name,deadline,content,id } = req.body;</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="27"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      <span class="hljs-keyword">let</span> todo = <span class="hljs-keyword">await</span> models.Todo.findOne({</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="28"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">            <span class="hljs-attr">where</span>:{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="29"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">                id</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="30"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">            }</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="31"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      });</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="32"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span>(todo){</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="33"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">            <span class="hljs-comment">//执行更新功能</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="34"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">            todo = <span class="hljs-keyword">await</span> todo.update({</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="35"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">                name,</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="36"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">                deadline,</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="37"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">                content,</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="38"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">                id</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="39"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">            })</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="40"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      }</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="41"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      res.json({</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="42"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">            todo</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="43"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      })</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="44"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    }<span class="hljs-keyword">catch</span>(error){</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="45"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      next(error);</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="46"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    }</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="47"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">})</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="48"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-comment">/*修改一个todo,删除*/</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="49"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">app.post(<span class="hljs-string">'/update_status'</span>,<span class="hljs-keyword">async</span> (req,res,next)=&gt;{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="50"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-keyword">try</span>{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="51"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      <span class="hljs-keyword">let</span> { id,status } = req.body;</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="52"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      <span class="hljs-keyword">let</span> todo = <span class="hljs-keyword">await</span> models.Todo.findOne({</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="53"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">            <span class="hljs-attr">where</span>:{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="54"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">                id</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="55"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">            }</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="56"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      });</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="57"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span>(todo &amp;&amp; status != todo.status){</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="58"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">            <span class="hljs-comment">//执行更新功能</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="59"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">            todo = <span class="hljs-keyword">await</span> todo.update({</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="60"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">                status</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="61"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">            })</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="62"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      }</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="63"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      res.json({</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="64"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">            todo</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="65"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      })</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="66"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    }<span class="hljs-keyword">catch</span>(error){</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="67"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      next(error);</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="68"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    }</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="69"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">})</div></div></li></ol></code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<h2 id="%C2%A03.5%20%E8%BF%90%E7%BB%B4%E5%92%8C%E5%8F%91%E5%B8%83">&nbsp;3.5 运维和发布</h2>
<blockquote>
<p>&nbsp;服务要启动在后台,不能在窗口</p>
<p></p>
</blockquote>
<p>&nbsp;pm2工具</p>
<pre class="has" name="code"><code class="hljs swift"><ol class="hljs-ln"><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="1"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">npm install pm2 -g<span class="hljs-comment">//全局安装pm2</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="2"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">pm2 <span class="hljs-keyword">init</span>   <span class="hljs-comment">//初始化pm2 生成ecosystem.config.js文件</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="3"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">ecosystem.config.js文件中apps可以有多个应用</div></div></li></ol></code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<h1 id="%C2%A0%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E7%AB%A0%EF%BC%9A%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93%E4%B8%8E%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98%E5%BD%92%E7%BA%B3">&nbsp;第四章：总结与问题归纳</h1>
<h2 id="%C2%A04.1%20%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93">&nbsp;4.1 总结</h2>
<pre class="has" name="code"><code class="hljs php"><ol class="hljs-ln"><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="1"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-number">1.</span>技术栈</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="2"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    node --&gt; http,异常</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="3"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    web框架,express、hapi、koa、egg</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="4"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    参数校验</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="5"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    mysql的使用，了解</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="6"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    ORM,sequelize使用</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="7"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-number">2.</span>技术关键点</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="8"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    api设计</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="9"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    web--&gt;webserver--&gt;router--&gt;hander--&gt;orm--db</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="10"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-number">3.</span>注意事项</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="11"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    需要做详细的 模型设计--&gt;模型之间的关系</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="12"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    api的使用文档--&gt;api文档的实用工具</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="13"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    测试</div></div></li></ol></code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<h2 id="%C2%A04.2%20%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98%E5%BD%92%E7%BA%B3">&nbsp;4.2 问题归纳</h2>
<p><strong>注意</strong>：一旦删除了自带的createdAt和updatedAt两个字段，需要做出如下设置</p>
<pre class="has" name="code"><code class="language-javascript hljs"><ol class="hljs-ln"><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="1"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">&gt;&gt; models &gt;&gt; user.js</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="2"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-built_in">module</span>.exports = <span class="hljs-function">(<span class="hljs-params">sequelize, DataTypes</span>) =&gt;</span> {</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="3"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> User = sequelize.define(<span class="hljs-string">'User'</span>, {</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="4"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-attr">name</span>: DataTypes.STRING</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="5"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">}, {</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="6"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-attr">timestamps</span>:<span class="hljs-literal">false</span> <span class="hljs-comment">//添加这行代码,改变sequelize的默认字段为false</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="7"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">});</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="8"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">User.associate = <span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span>(<span class="hljs-params">models</span>) </span>{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="9"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-comment">// associations can be defined here</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="10"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">};</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="11"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> User;</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="12"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">};</div></div></li></ol></code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
<p>修改字段默认值</p>
<pre class="has" name="code"><code class="language-javascript hljs"><ol class="hljs-ln"><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="1"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">&gt;&gt; models &gt;&gt; user.js</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="2"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> User = sequelize.define(<span class="hljs-string">'User'</span>, {</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="3"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-attr">name</span>: DataTypes.STRING,</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="4"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-attr">status</span>:{</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="5"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      <span class="hljs-attr">type</span>:DataTypes.InTEGER,</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="6"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">      <span class="hljs-attr">defaultValue</span>:<span class="hljs-number">1</span>   <span class="hljs-comment">//可以在这里修改默认值</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="7"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    }</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="8"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">}, {</div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="9"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">    <span class="hljs-attr">timestamps</span>:<span class="hljs-literal">false</span></div></div></li><li><div class="hljs-ln-numbers"><div class="hljs-ln-line hljs-ln-n" data-line-number="10"></div></div><div class="hljs-ln-code"><div class="hljs-ln-line">});</div></div></li></ol></code><div class="hljs-button {2}" data-title="复制"></div></pre>
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